F159 
.P6S3 



■iillli 




A 9^ 

























N 












^-V. 






^0-n 



• fV 



^t. 



4* % 



^^ 






0^ 
.\.->. '?:^£zjI^?- c lO _^ 

■ » - 1 • 





^ '^ ^ •> ^ /i^ *^ 



.<.'^" 



*-* a9 ^ "■• -iV "^^ ^o"" 






<^ 















40^ • 







Digitized by the Internet Archive 
in 2010 with funding from 
The Library of Congress 



http://www.archive.org/details/sesquicentennial01scot 




S'TORICAL kfOUVENIp! 
SB^TER PlTTJ^BURGfll 



|;^6-1908 



% 



y/rrs p.»dro-£A''s.co. 




X 



o^ Where floToed the peaceful rivers; rX 

oO, Where slept the silent hills, ^° 

BNow stands a mighty city, ^ 

****** cQj 

t S° 



ir5B— lana 



Ses qui-Centenn ia I 
and Historical Souvenir 



OF THE 



(^xmXtx ptttfiburglj 




Edited and Compiled by 

HENRY BROWNFIELD SCOTT 



September Twenty- Seventh to October Third 
and November Tw^enty-Fifth 



1900 



TO THE WHOLE 




Olr^^ttng 



PITTSBURGH is one hundred and fifty years old. 
Therefore, the nearly one million people who live 
within its borders rejoice and befittingly celebrate. 
And much reason have they to shout, to sing, to put 
on gala attire, and parade, and extend greetings and 
w^elcome to the whole w^orld. For, is not the city great, 
and day by day growing greater? 

Supreme in industrial developments, rich beyond 
comparison in the gifts of nature, patriotic in the affairs 
of the state and nation, brilliant in the achievements of 
science and art, aggressive in commercial endeavor, 
Pittsburgh has attained an enviable position on its 
one-hundred-fiftieth birthday. 

No pains nor expense has been spared by those 
in charge of the arrangements for the proper celebrat- 
ing of the city's birth, and they and every other son 
and daughter of Father Pitt gladly and cordially extend 
greetings to the whole world, and especially to those 
who come to help celebrate his honored natal day. 

And, too, the Author and Publisher of this volume 
extends greetings, and takes occasion here to thank 
those who have so generously supported him with 
their patronage, thus making possible the issuance of 
the Sesqui-Centennial and Historical Souvenir of The 
Greater Pittsburgh. 

THE AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER. 



^^^^ 






HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



BRIEF REVIEW OE THE GROWTH OF THE CITY 
SINCE ITS BIRTH d* A TALE OF MARVELOUS 
ADVANCEMENT, HEROIC STRUGGLES AND IN- 
DUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE A* THE STORY OF 
ALLEGHENY £*> ^ ^ .1* d* d^f ^ 



The name, "Pittsburgh," was first used officially about the time Fort 
Duquesne was surrendered to the English by the French (November 25, 1758.) 
The city's birth, however, dates back to the first contention of England with 
France for the Continent of North America. That these two great powers, 
seeking control of the Continent, must meet was inevitable, and meet they did, 
where the Ohio is formed by the union of the Monongahela and Allgheny rivers. 

In 1753 Governor Dinwiddle of Virginia received advices that the_ French 
and Indians were menacing and encroaching upon the lands of the Ohio Com- 
pany, (an English land-holding company), at the head of the Ohio river. Act- 
ing under instructions from Dinwiddle, George Washington, then but 21 years 
old, was given his first important commission — that of bearing a communica- 
tion to the French forces. 

In his journal of this "Tour Over the Allegheny Mountains,'' Washington 
says : "As I got down before the canoe I spent some time in viewing the rivers 
(Monongahela and Allegheny) and the land in the fork, which I think extreme- 
ly well situated for a fort, and it has the absolute command of both rivers." 

City's Site Chosen 

Thus was the site chosen for what eventually became Fort Duquesne, and 
later Fort Pitt. With an institution for defense and the natural advantage of 
river transportation, the seed was sown that blossomed into the magnificenu 
city of the Pittsburgh of to-day. 

Governor Dinwiddle, quick to act upon the recommendation of Washing- 
ton, commissioned Capt. Trent to build a fort at the junction of the Allegheny 
and Monongahela rivers. While Trent and the major portion of his small com- 
mand left the site to seek provisions (April, 1754) the French, under Con- 
trecaem, came down from the north and successfully demanded the surrender 
of the fort. Contrecaem completed the fort and named it Duquesne in honor 
of Governor-General Marquis Du Ouesne of Canada. 

Until this time the English government had forced the colonists to assume 
the burden of repelling the French, but in 1755 General Braddock landed in 
Virginia as commander of the British forces, bringing two regiments of 500 
men each. Braddock received little encouragement from the colonists until 
aided by Benjamin Franklin, then postmaster in Pennsylvania. However, 
Braddock's attempt to capture Fort Duquesne resulted in ignominious failure 



6 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

in a battle fought on the present site of Braddock. Washington took part in 
the engagement, had two horses shot from under him and four bullets pene- 
trated his coat. 

A guerrilla warfare continued between the contending forces and in 1757, 
when William Pitt was made Prime Minister of England, he commissioned 
General John Forbes to capture the much-desired Fort Duc|uesne. Forbes raised 
his army in this country, Benjamin Franklin was again called upon to do the 
recruiting, and Washington again enlisted in the cause. The army numbered 
7,000. 

After many discouraging failures Gen. P'orbes, on November 24, 1758, 
took possession of Fort Duquesne after the French had evacuated the night 
before, blowing up the magazines and doing all damage possible. P^orbes im- 
mediately rechristened the fort Fort Pitt in honor of William Pitt. 

It is a noteworthy fact that the day following the capture of Fort Du- 
quesne, Gen. Forbes, in writing to Lieut.-Gov. Denny, dated his letter "Fort 
Duquesne — or now Pitts-Borough." Several weeks later Forbes died in Phila- 
delphia. A temporary stockade was erected on the ruins and a substantial fort 
completed by Gen. Stanwix, in 1759. 

Three years after the naming of the site "Pitts-Borough" — or in 1761 — 
the commanding officer of the fort took a census of the settlement and reported 
a population of 324 men, 92 women and 48 children living outside the garrison 
in a total of 220 houses. That the Indians also formed a portion of the com- 
munity is attested to in a letter received from Fort Pitt by Gen. Boquet, in 
May, 1763. This letter, from S. Ecuyer, declares : "They (Mingoes Indians) 
demand presents, but I have refused all excepting eight bushels of Indian corn 
which they have planted opposite Croghan's house, where they have formed 
a town." 

Pittsburg-h Destroyed 

Owing to the Conspiracy of Pontiac, the town of Pitts-Borough was de- 
stroyed by the garrison late in 1763 in order to leave no shelter for the Indians, 
and the refugees flocked in the fort. In 1764 confidence was restored, and Col. 
John Campbell made a survey of a plan of lots, later known as the "Old Mili- 
tary Plan," which comprised that part of the city lying within the present 
boundaries of Water and Second, and Market and Ferry streets. 

The Indians persistently attacked the fort and Gen. Boquet with a com- 
mand arrived to help subdue them in the fall of 1764, and put an end to the 
Conspiracy of Pontiac. The onl}'' existing monument marking English do- 
minion in Pittsburgh is the Block House, built by Gen. Boquet on what was 
practically the site of Fort Pitt, and which is now being jealously preserved 
by the Daughters of the American Revolution. It was built in 1764. 

The importance of the site of Pitts-Borough was so generally recognized 
in those early days that it became the bone of contention between the English, 
French and Indians and on October 24, 1768, at a conference held in Fort Stan- 
wix, New York, between commissioners from New York, Pennsylvania and 
Virginia and the chiefs of the Six Nations, the lands lying west of the Sus- 
quehanna and embracing Pitts-Borough, were sold to Thomas and A¥illiam 
Penn for $10,000. A land office was soon opened and immigration followed. 
The Penns had previously laid claim to much of the same territory under a 
charter grant by Charles II, in 1681. 





Ebenezer Denny 
First Mayor of Pittsburgh 



Judge Wm. Wilkins 
First President Bank of Pittsburgh 




Rt. Hon. Wm. Pitt 
Father of Pittsburgh 





Gen. Edw. Braddock 

Who met Defeat and Death at Braddock's 

Field, July 9, 1755 



Col. Henry Boquet 

Swiss Officer who Built and Commanded 
the Block House, 1764 



8 HIvSTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

First Celebration 

The original Pittsburghers were liberally endowed with the spirit of 
patriotism, and, on May 16, 1775, when the struggle for independence was in 
its inception, a meeting was held in the borough at which "the spirited be- 
havior of our brethren in New England" was "cordially approved," and it was 
unanimously resolved that "it is the indispensable duty of every American to 
resist the tyranny of the British Parliament." Capt. John Neville, on August 7 
of the same year, was placed in command of Fort Pitt as a preparatory step 
toward the oncoming war of the Revolution. Gen. Mcintosh succeeded to the 
command in 1778 and the fort became headquarters for the army of the West- 
ern Division. Gen. William Irvine was in charge of Fort Pitt when the sur- 
render of Cornwallis was announced, and, in 1781, he ordered a town celebra- 
tion. 

Despite many menacing Indian raids, the town of Pitts-Borough grew 
rapidly after the Revolution. On July 29, 1786, the Pittsburgh Gazette, the 
first newspaper issued west of the Alleghenies was published by John Scull. 
Distilling became the most lucrative business of the surrounding territory, 
grain flourishing with little labor in the rich soil. With the establishment of 
the whiskey tax b}^ Congress, in 1791, a general revolt ensued, and the famous 
Whiskey Insurrection followed. Not until President Washington set out for 
Pitts-Borough and had reached Bedford, preceded by the army, did the insur- 
rection subside. 

Progression resumed with peace, and, in 1787, a market house was estab- 
lished as the result of a town meeting. In the same year the Pittsburgh 
Academy was incorporated, and, in 1788, a circulating library, containing 500 
books, was established. 




Pittsburgh in 1817 
From Sketch by Mrs. E. C. Gibson of Philadelphia, while on Wedding Tour 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 9 

Not until 1793 were the Indians in the vicinity of Pitts-Borough given a 
final quietus. This was accomplished b};' the persistent and valient Gen. An- 
thony Wayne, and one year later (1794) Pitts-Borough was elected into a bor- 
ough. 

Previous to September 24, 1788, Pitts-Borough was in Westmoreland 
county, then the largest county in western Pennsylvania. On the above date 
the assembly created Allegheny county, then including what have since be- 
come Beaver, Butler, Mercer, Crawford, Erie, Warren, Venango, Armstrong 
and portions of Indiana and Clarion counties. With the forming of Allegheny 
county came the establishment of a court house and county jail, and they were 
erected in the "heart of the town," where Diamond Market now stands. 

After the adoption of the national constitution the growth of the com- 
munity was rapid. It had a newspaper, postoffice, market place, schools and 
churches ; was the county seat, a manufacturing community, and the natural 
and principal depot on the great national highway from east to west. Among 
the settlers were men of courage and foresight, and they sowed the seed of in- 
dustry that has since crowned Pittsburgh with supremacy. 

First Use of Coal in the Block House 

These men were quick to realize the enormous advantage of the practical- 
ly inexhaustible and easily accessible supply of fuel, for converting the iron 
and other raw material in which the vicinity was rich, into finished products. 
As early as 1766 coal was used in the Block House, and the settlers were quick 
to uncover the limitless natural resources. It is little wonder, then, that a 
community with natural transportation advantages, and rich in raw material, 
was destined to become the ''Workshop of the World." 

The iron industry upon which, with the subsequent development of steel, 
Pittsburgh laid its greatest foundation, found its first practical establishment 
with the Alliance Iron Works. The furnace of these works, located on Jacob's 
Creek, was blown in November 1, 1790. Other furnaces soon sprang up 
throughout the district. 

The borough, at the time of its incorporation, in 1794, stretched from the 
Point to Grant street on the Monongahela side, and to Washington (now 11th) 
street, on the Allegheny side. The first election of borough officers resulted in 
the selection of: Two Chief Burgesses, George Robinson and Josiah Tanne- 
hill ; High Constable, Samuel Morrison ; Town Clerk, James Clow ; Assistant 
Burgesses, Nathaniel Irish, John Johnston, George Adams and Nathaniel Bed- 
ford ; Assessors, William Amberson, Abraham Kirkpatrick ; Supervisors, Wil- 
liam Gray and John McMasters. Bedford resigned as did McMasters. Wil- 
liam Dunning and James Gray were elected to the respective vacancies and 
Bedford and McMasters fined by the court for delinquency, as a warning that 
duly elected officers would not be permitted to shirk their duties to the com- 
munity. 

Town councils met in the court house and more often in taverns, and the 
citizens took an active part in municipal legislation. Borough expenditures for 
the first year totaled £190, 4 shillings and 9 pence. 

Closely following the establishment of the iron business came that of lum- 
ber and glass. Gen. James O'Hara and Maj. Isaac Craig were the pioneers in 
this industrial development. Gen. O'Hara being a contractor and boat owner. 
These two men established a glass house at the Point for the manufacture of 
green glass, and it was the first glass house in the country to use coal as fuel. 
O'Hara and Craig's eight-pot furnace led to the multiplication of glass works 



10 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

which have made Pittsburgh the leading- glass market of the world. Intercst- 
mg 111 this development is the statement made bv Gen. O'Hara, after much ex- 
perimenting: 'To-day we made the first bottle at a cost of $30,000." 

The annual floods had already become a source of much dama^^e to the 
community and in June, 1798, for the purpose of "erecting piers to defend the 
river banks," a public lottery, authorized by the legislature, was conducted 
Six thousand tickets at $5 each were sold and 2,210 prizes offered, the town 
netting $12,000 for the desired improvement. 

Population in 1800 

lon^'^^?^ "^^"'-"^ °^ ^^^^ credited Pittsburgh with a population of 1,565, and in 
1803, the_ value of manufactured goods was placed at $350,000. The first iron 
foundry m the town proper was established in this year by Joseph McClung, 
Joseph Smith and John Gormly on the present site of the Park building This 
foundry played a prominent part in the Avar of 1812, furnishing government 
cannon, howitzers, shells and balls, and in supplying Commodore Perry's Lake 
Erie fleet and the army of Gen. Jackson at New Orleans. 

_ Another industry was given its inception in 1812, when, by public sub- 
scription, funds were raised for the establishment of a cotton factory by Peter 
Eltonhead. The manufacture of iron wire was begun the same year by John 
Parkin, and, at the same time, Pittsburgh's first banking house was established 
a branch of the Bank of Pennsylvania. 

In 1808 Benjamin Bakewell .and Benjamin Page established in Pittsburo-h 
the first flint glass house in the United States. Glass cutting began with this 
industry by a Mr. Eichbaum. formerly glass cutter for Louis XII, Kino- of 
France. ' '^ 

The community boasted of 11 stone buildings, 283 of brick and 473 of 
frame or log-, in 1810, and its population numbered 4,740. The building of the 
"New Orleans," the first steamboat in western waters, in Pittsburgh in 1811, 
was an important epoch in national commerce. Steam navigation in eastern 
waters was a success but its practicability in the tortuous and varying chan- 
nels of western waters was an unsolved problem. Following this first success 
226 steamboats were built in Pittsburp-fi, between 1811 and 1835. 

The establishment of a steamboat trade gave a wonderful impetus to the 
coal, iron and other industries and gave Pittsburgh a world, as well as a na- 
tional market. The war of 1812 was also of immense ultimate benefit to Pitts- 
burgh. The lack of European imports created heavy demands upon the manu- 
facturing interests of Pittsburgh from the rapidly increasing western popula- 
tion. During the war the government established the Allegheny Arsenal in 
Pittsburgh, at a cost of $300,000, for the manufacture and storage of arms and 
ammunition. The part played by Pittsburgh in that war brought the district 
into greater prominence as a political factor in the affairs of the nation 
ioir^^^*^^ ^ population of about 10,000, the borough charter was out-grown, in 
1816, and Pittsburgh was incorporated as a citv on March 18 of that year The 
city charter provided for a Ma3^or, Select and Common Councils, a Recorder 
and 12 Aldermen. ' 

Major Ebenezer Denny, First Mayor 

Maj. Ebenezer Denny was elected the first mayor of Pittsburgh. The first 
members of Select Council were : James Ross, President ; [ames Irwin Wil- 
liam Lecky, John Rosebergh, Mark Stackhouse, Richard Gearv, AVilliam Hays 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



11 



Dr. Georg-e Stevenson and Samuel Douglass. Common Councilmen consisted 
of: William Wilkins, President; James R. Butler, John P. Skelton, Alexander 
Johnston, James B. Stevenson, James Brown, Paul Anderson, Richard Robin- 
son, John ^^77^Johnstoil7~George Evans, John Cladwell, Thomas McKee, David 
Hunter, John Carson and J.'W. Trembley. The first Aldermen of the city 
were : Ebenezer Denny, John Darragh, William Steele, Philip Mowry, Lazarus 
Stewart, Thomas Enoch, Philip Gilland, James Young, Robert Graham, John 
Hannan, John M. Snowden and Matthew B. Lowrie. Charles Wilkins was 
elected first Recorder. 








MONONGAHELA WlIARF 1820 



The progressiveness and foresight of the men of that day were marked by 
the erection of bridges to Allegheny and Birmingham (Southside) in 1818. A 
census of the manufacturing interests of Pittsburgh, made under direction of 
councils in 1817, showed 259 plants, employing 1,637 people, with an annual 
output valued at $2,266,v366. 

In order to promote and invigorate the spirit of domestic industry, the 
manufacturers and mechanics of the community organized, in 1819, the Pitts- 
burgh Manufacturing Association with George Sutton as President, and 
George Cochran as agent. A brick warehouse was erected on Wood street, 
between First and Second avenues, for the sale of products. No commission 
was charged for the sale of goods manufactured by members of the association. 

Great and added impetus was given to the already important iron industry 
in 1819, by the establishment of the Union Rolling Mills, by Baldwin, Robin- 
son, McKnickle and Beltzhoover. Other rolling mills followed in the wake 
of the success of the initial enterprise. 




Old Portacje Canal, Union Station Site 

So general had become the reputation of Pittsburgh as a center of industry 
that it was the visiting place of distinguished Americans and foreigners. The 
year 1825 was notable for the visit of Gen. Lafayette, who was paid distin- 
guished homage by the citizens of Pittsburgh. 

So progressive did the community become, in 1826, that an ordinance was 
enacted prohibiting the erection, within certain limits, of frame buildings, and 
ordinances for the construction of a city gas works were passed a year later. 
The gas works, however, was not ready for .use until 1837. Late in the year 
1828, the citys first water works was put in operation. 

The year 1826 also witnessed the completion of the state prison in Alle- 
gheny county, at a cost of $183,092. It was located on the present site of the 
conservatory in Allegheny. 

The rapid development of the west demanded better transportation facili- 
ties from the seaboard to the headwaters of the Ohio, and, in 1826, the bill, 
authorizing the Pennsylvania canal, was passed by the legislature. This canal 
was for the purpose of connecting the Ohio and Delaware rivers. The western 
section of the canal was completed, and the first boat over this route entered 
Pittsburgh in 1829. In 1834 the canal was entirely completed and resulted in 
cheapening freight rates to Philadelphia sixty-six and two-thirds per cent. 



First Railroad Coiiiiiiunication 

The canal project included the building of the Portag'e Railroad by the 
state, over the mountains. This was done at a cost of $1,634,357.69. The rail- 
road was the wonder of two continents. The rails were imported from Great 
Britain, and cost $40.51 a ton. The passenger fare from Pittsburgh to Phila- 
delphia by canal and the Portage and Columbia railroads, was $12, and the run- 
ning time, three days and nineteen hours. 

"For general election purposes" an act was passed by the legislature in 
1829 providing for four city wards, these were known as the North, East, South 
and West wards. The city proper had a population of 12,568 in 1830, an in- 
crease of 73 per cent, in 10 years. 

At this time Pittsburgh had already become the first manufacturing com- 
munity in America. Thus, when, in 1831, the Baltimore & Frederick Railroad 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



13 



Company planned to push its road further inland, there was grave apprehen- 
sion in Pittsburgh. It was feared that the traffic to the west would be deflect- 
ed to Wheeling. 

Flood Prevention an Issue 

The right to elect the mayor was given the people by act of Assembly, in 
1833. Previously the Board of Aldermen had chosen one of their number. 
Street paving and city improvements were inaugurated on a large scale for the 
times, and flood prevention became a very live issue after the inundation of 
1832. 

An important industrial adjunct was added in 1833 when a salt well was 
drilled in on the south side of the Monongahela, averaging from 12 to 15 bar- 
rels a day. Many other wells followed, and salt became one of the city ex- 
ports. Daniel Webster was one of the distinguished visitors of that year. 

In order to further organize and promote the commercial activities of the 
city, the Pittsburgh Board of Trade was created, in 1835, for the "proper direc- 
tion of all commercial movements, to encourage and extend the facilities of 
transportation and generally to take proper measures for the extension and 
regulation of the trade and commerce of the city." 



New Court House and Jail Erected 

A new court house was erected and complet^"d in 1842, as well as a new 
jail. The new building was most pretentious, 165 feet long and 100 feet wide, 
the jail being connected in the rear. The architecture was Grecian, and it was 
built of yellowish gray sandstone, quarried from the neighboring hills, 
entire building covered an area of 17,000 feet, and cost $200,000. 



Th( 




Ruins of Court House 
Built in 1842, Burned May 7, 18 



14 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

The industries and commerce of Pittsljiirgh were of sucli national propor- 
tions and importance that they became inseparable in their relations to the 
tariff and monetary issues of the country. When President Jackson, in 1831, 
declared for a tariff for revenue only, Pittsburgh began a vigilant opposition. 
Many public "tariff meetings" were held and the formation of societies was 
encouraged throughout western Pennsylvania and the entire state. A "Work- 
ingman's Ticket" was suggested. Congress, during this session, passed a tar- 
iff' that was highly protective. But the next session passed Clay's Compromise 
Tariff" P)ill, with a gradually reducing scale, and Pittsburgh was again on the 
verge of a panic. The persistent attacks of Prestdent Jackson at this time on 
the Ignited States bank, caused further commercial unrest in Pittsburgh. 

The crisis came in 1837. The removal of deposits from the United States 
bank deprived Pittsburgh business men of their cash capital, as there were no 
facilities for prompt exchange. Thus the currency question was as live an is- 
sue those days as at present. The city issued script or "shin plasters," which 
circulated freely and were accepted in payment of city taxes. Despite the pan- 
ic, the value of the commercial interests of Pittsburgh, in 1837, were fixed at 
$31,000,000. 

The success of the Pennsylvania canal inspired further transportation im- 
provements, and, in 1838, a canal, to connect Pittsburgh and Beaver, was pro- 
jected and completed in 1840. Efforts to improve the Monongahela river by 
slack water navigation had been made as early as 1817, but no practical ad- 
vance had been made until the incorporation of the Monongahela Navigation 
Company, in 1836. This company was capitalized at $300,000, but despite state 
aid, the company was compelled to increase its capitalization by $260,600 in 
1848. Tolls were first collected in 1841. The works of the company was 
eventually purchased by the government in 1896, at a cost of $3,761,643, and 
then consisted of seven dams and 11 locks. 

In 1840 the building of iron boats had supplanted, to a great extent, the 
wooden vessels, and during that year Pittsburgh built 100 iron boats. The 
population at this time had increased to 21,115. 

With the new tariff of 1842, providing for a general increased duty on im- 
ports, a general business revival was enjoyed in the Pittsburgh community. 
There were 28 furnaces in Allegheny county at this time, with an annual out- 
put of 6,584 tons; 12 bloomaries, producing 28,100 tons of bar iron and over 
five and one-half million bushels of coal were being mined annually. The new 
tariff was quick to increase the activities in these lines. Transportation facili- 
ties increased in proportion, and, in 1845, the Monongahela river was spanned 
by a wire suspension bridge. 

Great Fire in 1845 

But Avhile on this high tide of business recovery, and just when the city 
was attaining the height of its prosperity, a dire catastrophe swept the com- 
munity that crowded its most hopeful citizens on the verge of despair. This 
was the great fire of April 10, 1845. The fire had its inception in an old shed 
on the east side of Ferry street, at the corner of Second. It is believed to have 
originated from a fire built by a washerwoman. There had been no rain for 
two weeks, and high winds had carried the moisture from the city buildings. 
The water in the reservoir was low, and, when the first call for aid came, the 
fire engines could suck nothing but mud. Aided b}?- a strong west wind, the 
fire started forth on its destructive course. Building after building, city block 
after city block was devastated. 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 15 

The fire began at noon, and by evening" the best portion of the city lay in 
ashes. The boundaries of the burnt district were as follows : From Water 
street up Ferry to Third ; up Third to Wood ; up Wood to Diamond alley ; up 
Diamond alley to Smithfield ; down Smithfield to Fourth ; up Fourth to Ross. 
This included 20 squares and about 1,200 houses, including warehouses and 
business concerns whose stocks, of immense value, were lost. Estimates of the 
loss ranged from $5,000,000 to $8,000,000. 

The legislature appropriated $50,000 to meet actual necessities and re- 
mitted state and county taxes as well as mercantile taxes in the burnt district. 
The total contributions from outside sources, including several states, were 
about $200,000. 

Despite the fact that the fire deprived 2,000 families of shelter, only two 
lives were lost, Samuel Kingston, Esq., and a Mrs Malone. The insurance 
totaled only $870,000, while some individuals lost from $5,000 to $200,000. 

The characteristic fortitude of the citizens of the community was liberally 
displayed. Not only were they quick to aid themselves but equally prompt to 
he']i one another. With true patriotism they set about at once to mitigate the 
reports spread throug'hout the country that the industry of Pittsburgh had 
been irreparably crippled. Literature was sent broadcast, heralding the fact 
that Pittsi.^urgh was still prepared to do business and fill orders promptly. 

However, capital was scarce, but eastern capital was enlisted, and the 
city was rebuilt, more substantial than ever. It was in the year of the fire that 
the first successful attempt was made to tow coal by steam, and thenceforth 
the market tor Pittsburgh was considerably widened. The war with Mexico 
and the discovery of gold in California were also important factors in re-es- 
tablishing mdustrial prosperity. The establishm.ent of the Atlantic & Ohio 
telegraph line, in 1846, put Pittsburgh in close communication with the outside 
world. Real estate boomed when the city had arisen from the charred embers, 
and it spre&d over the hills eastward, until, in 1849, nine wards were included 
v;ithin its limits. The census of 1850 gave Pittsburgh a population of 46,601. 

li! the early 50's the general business depression that visited the nation 
was reflected upon the industries of Pittsburgh. The city's credit had become 
f'ad. Its bonded debt was over $1,000,000, due chiefly to making improve- 
njcnt- which should have been paid for by individuals. In 1855 the city debt 
had inci eased to $2,936,624.65 and the system of tax collection was inefficient. 
IMany delinquents were three or more years in arrears. City bonds fell as low 
as 69. 

First Effort to Consolidate Pittsburgh and Alleg"heny 

An effort was made in 1853-54 to consolidate the cities of Pittsburgh and 
Allegheny, but the legislature failed to approve the act. The population of 
the proposed greater city aggregated 110,000 at that time. 

The years 1852 and 1853 were notable for the building of a new City Hall 
and Market Plouse in Diamond square, and a Postoffice on the present site of 
the Park building. The first street railway in the city was the City Passenger 
Railway to LawrenccAdlle, constructed in 1859. Other lines quickly followed. 

Perhaps the most important event of this period was the holding of the 
National Convention in Lafayette Hall in February, 1856. Following the pas- 
sage of the famous Kansas-Nebraska bill, in 1854, the political parties of the 
North became disrupted and previous affiliations were denounced. State and 
county conventions, known as Republican conventions, were held and candi- 
dates were named who declared against the repeal of the Missouri Compro- 




Old City Hall 

mise Bill. The National Republican Convention, held in Pittsburgh in 1856, 
gave birth to the Republican party in national politics. Many notable speeches 
were made and a higher tarifif advocated. 

The Morrill tariff of 1861 promised much for Pittsburgh, but scarcely had 
beneficial effects been felt when the secession of the Southern states excited 
military activity to the exclusion of commercial progress. 



Pittsburgh Loyal to the Union 

Pittsburgh's loyalty and patriotism in the Union cause of the Civil War 
that followed, has ever been a source of pride to the community. Life and 
treasure were freely offered in the interest of the preservation of the Union. Citi- 
zens of the city became wildly excited when Secretary of War Flood sent an 
order to the Allegheny Arsenal in December, 1860, for the shipment of 124 
cannon to Southern military posts. A meeting was held in the mayor's office 
and it was decided to call upon President Buchanan to have the order counter- 
manded. 

So determined were Pittsburghers that the arms of the nation should not 
be sent into Southern territory, at such a perilous time that a public meeting 
was called in the Court House the next day, December 27, 1860. The crowd 
was so large that the meeting had to be conducted in the open. Gen. William 
Robinson presided. Resolutions were passed declaring that the enemies of the 
Union were being armed, but that its friends were strong enough "even with- 
out other arms than their own, to sustain the Constitution" and "to retake the 
guns thus ordered to be removed, in case they shall be traitorously employed 
against them." The meeting, however, decided not to follow the example of 
South Carolina, by disrespecting the powers of the Federal Government. Reso- 
lutions were also passed calling upon the president to purge his cabinet of 
men known to have encouraged the secession. Indignation meetings were held 
daily as the President delayed in responding to the communications. On Jan- 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



17 



uary 3, 1861, the news came that the order for the transportation of the guns 
had been revoked and the community quieted down. 

News of the fall of Fort Sumter, received in Pittsburgh April 14, 1861, 
rekindled the military spirit and a mass meeting was at once called with Wil- 
liam Wilkins presiding. Resolutions were passed condemning the disloyalty 
of the South and urging all citizens, "regardless of party," to aid in "main- 
taining inviolate the supremacy of the Constitution." A Committee of Public 
Safety, numbering 100, was appointed. The duties of this committee became 
multifarious, but were attended to with vigilance. It intercepted contraband 
shipments ; arranged for the defense of the city, and recruited companies for 
service in the field. 

On April 17, 1861, the Board of Bank Presidents of Pittsburgh telegraphed 
the Governor that "the banks of Pittsburgh will cheerfully respond to the call 
for money to meet the late appropriation to be used in enabling the govern- 
ment to sustain the Constitution and the laws." These acts of patriotism 
were expressed when the entire district was suffering under business depres- 
sion. The Supreme Court ordered the county and city to pay their railroad 
indebtedness. The County Commissioners refused to levy the necessary tax 
and were jailed for contempt. The county paid their fines of $1,000 each, and 
they were subsequently released. 

Specie Payment Suspended 

The confusion in money matters — due to a flood of depreciated bills of 
banks of other states — caused a suspension of specie payments by nearly all 
bankins- institutions. 




Home of Col. Samuel Hawkins, 1815—1853 



18 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

From the outset of the war the government had ealled upon Pittsburgh 
for all varieties of arms and ammunition. The first 20-inch gun was cast in the 
Fort Pitt foundry in 1864. Many monitors were built here and the iron works 
of the community were practically turned over to the Union cause. 

In 1860 Pittsburgh had become the great petroleum market. Untold 
wealth flowed from the hillsides throughout western Penns3dvania, and this 
fortune-making era was further aided by the high tariffs of 1862 and 1864. 

The year 1860 was notable because of the visit of the Prince of Wales, 
who received distinguished courtesy wdiile a guest of Pittsburgh. President- 
elect Lincoln also graced the city with a visit early in the following year. 

Through the aid of public subscription the Allegheny Observatory was 
established in 1867 with the late Professor S. P. Langley as first director. It 
was from this observatory, in 1869, that astronomical time was first distributed 
to railroads and cities. 

Alleg-heiiy Arsenal Explosion 

On the afternoon of September 17, 1862, the city was shocked by a terrific 
explosion in the Allegheny Arsenal which destroyed the laborator}^ killing 74 
men, women and children. About 10,000 tons of powder were destroyed and 
the shock was felt for miles. The exact cause of the explosion was never de- 
termined. 

When President Lincoln issued his call for volunteers, Allegheny county 
was almost unprovided with military organizations. But the local patriotic 
enthusiasm was so great that immediately after the call was issued, scores of 
companies were organized and their services tendered. A detachment of 
Turner Rifles, numbering 80 men, was the first to leave for Harrisburg. The 
Plannibal Guards, Trovillo Invincibles, Robison's Light Guards, McDowell's 
State Guards, Gerard's Pennsylvania Zouaves, Rippey's Scott Legion, Gal- 
lagher's Shields Guards, Aliquippa Guards and others followed. The first 
regiment was org-anized by Gen. Negley and known as the Twelfth Pennsyl- 
vania Volunteers, with Col. David Campbell commanding. The next Pitts- 
burgh regiment was the Thirteenth, under command of Col. T. A. Rowley. 
The Fifth regiment was placed under command of Col. R. P. IMcDowell of Al- 
legheny, and the Seventh under Col. AVilliam PI. Irwin. Other regiments were 
organized as recruiting continued. Thousands of dollars were raised by pri- 
vate subscriptions for arms and ammunition. In some instances individuals pro- 
vided the funds for organizing and uniforming whole companies. The women 
of the city assumed their share of labor, and sewed uniforms, made lint and 
hospital supplies, and provided delicacies. Meanwhile 5,500 men were organ- 
ized into Home Guards for the protection of the city. 

In response to the call of President I/incoln for 75,000 volunteers, the 
state of Pennsylvania alone offered sufficient men to meet the national de- 
mand. The state quota v/as filled in less than a week and efforts were made 
upon the Governor to accept more volunteers. As a result the Governor or- 
ganized a camp in Pittsburgh which became known as Camp Wilkins, and 
placed in command Col. P. Jarrett. Twenty-six companies immediately went 
into' camp. There was much disap])ointment in Pittsburgh when official an- 
nouncement was made that but six companies from Allegheny county could be 
accommodated. A public meeting was held and 28 companies, which could 
not be accommodated in Camp Wilkins, were divided into two regiments. 
Meanwhile 3,000 men were in reserve in Camp Wilkins. Owing to some dis- 
advantages wdiich the site occasioned. Camp Wilkins was soon broken and 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 19 

Camp Wright established at Hiilton, on the Allegheny Valley railroad. Un- 
able to secure service jn the state ranks, the two regiments, composed of unac- 
cepted companies from Allegheny county, were compelled to seek service in 
other states, many of the companies enlisting in Virginia. The Pittsburgh 
Independent Scouts, under Capt. Anderson, were incorporated in a calvary 
regiment in Reading. 

When Congress authorized President Lincoln to make the second requisi- 
tion for 500,000 men for three years' service, there was another prompt re- 
sponse from. Pittsburgh. The first three-years' regiment (the 62nd) under 
command of Col. S. W. Black, left for V/ashington on August 3, and other 
regiments soon followed. 

Fortification of tlie City 

In the spring' of 1863, immediately after the battle of Chancellorsville, 
there was grave fear that Lee would attempt to capture Pittsburgh. At a 
public meeting it was decided to close all the shops and factories in the city 
and put the met at work building fortifications. The entire city turned out for 
its own defense. Works were erected on Herron Hill, Davis Hill, Squirrel 
Hill, Mt. Washington and at other points. The Pennsylvania railroad, Jones 
& Laughlin, the Fort Pitt Foundry and other concerns furnished men and ma- 
terial. As many as 16,000 men were at work per .day. Plowever, the battle of 
Gettysburg soon put an end to all fears of an attack upon Pittsburgh. 

Much assistance was given the soldiers in the Union cause during the war 
by the Pittsburgh Subsistence Committee, an organization that was founded 
during an immense mass meeting for the purpose of attending to the subsist- 
ence of companies waiting the call to the front. 

Enormous quantities of clothing, bedding and food were distributed. 
Every squad, company and regiment that came through Pittsburgh was enter- 
tained, either at the old Leech warehouse, or in City Hall. Women were the 
active members of this organization. Open house was kept during the entire 
war, and comfort and help liberally dispensed. The enormous sum of $363,- 
570.09 was raised for this purpose at a time when the city was suffering under 
an acute financial depression. From the best records obtainable it is estimated 
that Allegheny county contributed 20,000 men to the ranks of the Union army. 
The close of the war was marked in Pittsburgh by a number of celebrations, 
during which all business was suspended. 

During the Fenian demonstration, in 1866, the Fenian party in Pittsburgh 
became very active in recruiting men to invade Canada. A gunboat was pur- 
chased and expensive purchases made of arms and ammunition. 

Clearing House Established 

The end of the Civil War saw the beginning of business activities in Pitts- 
burgh. In 1866 the Pittsburgh Clearing House was established. In the same 
year a new Pennsylvania railroad depot was opened, letter boxes were placed 
on the streets ; the Monongahela Incline Plane Company was chartered and 
the districts of Lawrenceville, Peebles, Collins, Liberty, Pitt and Oakland 
were annexed to the city. Forbes street was laid out, in 1868, for the purpose 
of connecting the newly acquired districts, and a new City Hall, the present 
r'v.c. was begun in the same year. The population of the city, in 1870, was 
86,076. 



20 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

During- the years, 1870 and 1871, more than a score of new banking insti- 
tutions were opened in the Pittsburgh district, despite the impending panic 
that folowed the failure of Jay Cooke & Company in New York. Pittsburgh 
was soon engulfed in the financial storm that swept the country, and many 
business and bank failures followed. Recovery was slow and capital timid 
but, in 1875, business conditions assumed a normal aspect. Among the notable 
events of the years succeeding 1870 was the annexation to the city, in 1872, of 
the South side, the district lying on the South of the Monongahela river, com- 
prising a territory of more than 27 square miles and a population of 165,000. 

That natural gas existed in Allegheny and surrounding counties, had 
been known for several years — had been discovered in drilling for oil — but this 
important natural resource was never practically developed until the organiza- 
tion of the Natural Gas Company, Ltd., in 1875. The importance of the sub- 
sequent development is well known. 

Railroad Riots 

One of the saddest and most deplorable incidents of Pittsburgh's history 
developed in 1877, with the railroad riots. This reign of lawlessness found its 
inception in Baltimore, when, on July 16, of that year, 40 employees of the 
Baltimore & Ohio railroad left their trains to join striking firemen and brake- 
men who had refused a 10 per cent, reduction in wages. The trouble quickly 
spread to other points, and developed in Pittsburgh on July 19. Freight trains 
were stopped in the yards, and a crowd of idlers and toughs took possession 
of the company's property at the Twenty-eighth street roundhouse. Class 
hatred was agitated, and the city authorities were defied when an effort was 
made to restore order. The Eighteenth and Nineteenth regiments were order- 
ed out to protect property, and Gen. Brinton's troops were ordered to Pitts- 
burgh from Philadelphia. This "importation" stirred the rioters to fiercer 
anger. The Philadelphia troops arrived on July 21, and were met by the mob. 
The riot act was read, and an attempt made to arrest the ringleaders. Stones 
were hurled at the troopers, and then Gen. Brinton ordered his men to fire. 
About 20 were killed, among them three children. The militia then took charge 
of the roundhouse. Capturing the guns of Hutchinson's Battery (a local or- 
ganization) the rioters fired several solid shot through the roundhouse in 
which the militia had taken refuge. Meanwhile other rioters set cars afire, 
and, finally, saturating a car of coke with oil and igniting it, the rioters succeed- 
ed in running it into the roundhouse. All night long buildings and cars were 
fired. Stores, and especiall)^ liquor warehouses were rifled, and a carnival of 
destruction and dissipation ensued. It is estimated that 2,000 cars and one 
hundred locomotives were destroyed and machine shops and other railroad 
buildings of value destroyed during that frightful night. Valuable cargoes 
were stolen, and wagons were pressed in service to aid the thieves who worked 
without restraint. 

Sunday afternoon the rioters found new amusement by igniting Union 
Station and the spectacular fire that resulted was witnessed for miles. A grain 
elevator nearby, the Panhandle Depot on Grant street and a locomotive shop 
on Quarry street were also burnt to the ground, and before sunset Sunday 
evening, every railroad building and car in Pittsburgh had been destroyed. 
The next morning a meeting of citizens was held in the Chamber of Commerce, 
a vigilance committee organized and arrangements made for a military camp 
in East Liberty. In a few days order was restored. Claims against the county 



22 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

for damages, to the amount of $4,100,000, were entered by the raih-oads which 
commissioners compromised at $2,722,349.53. 

Point Bridg-e Opened 

In 1876, the Point bridg-e was opened to travel, and in 1878 the new water 
works was completed. This pumping station, known as the Brilliant station, 
is still in use, though it was remodeled in 1894. 

On May 7, 1882, the Court House was burned, and two years later the 
lieautiful structure now in use was begun. The new building cost $2,257,024. 

Centennial Celebration Held 

In commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the establishment 
of Allegheny county, it was decided to hold a centennial celebration and a com- 
mittee of 100 was appointed to prepare a program to include the dedication of 
the new Court Plouse. The dedication occurred on September 24, a civic dis- 
play and parade was held on the next day, and a military display on the twen- 
ty-sixth. The parade, which required three hours to pass a given point, was 
arranged so as to be illustrative of the growth of the county by the presenta- 
tion of floats showing the gradual advance in transportation and manufactur- 
ing" methods. At this time the population of the city was 238,617. 

The advancement of the city in the past 20 years has been so great as to 
challenge comparison. New and modern buildings have arisen v/ith such rap- 
idity as to give the community an unrecognizable appearance to the citizen of 
20 years ag^o. Carnegie Institute, covering an area of five acres is one of the 
architectural prizes of the age. The Government building was erected in 1892 
at a cost of $1,500,000. The new Union Station, and those of the Pittsburgh 
& Lake Erie and Wabash railroads, have few superiors. Office buildings of the 
most modern skyscraper type are more numerous than in any other city, in 
population proportion. The city has been placed in immediate communication 
with the entire western section of the state by a network of traction systems, 
and 21 bridges span the two rivers. 

The industrial progress of Pittsburgh in the past 20 years is of world- 
wide fame. The bounties of nature and the skill of man have been combined to 
erect at the junction of the two rivers, where Washington found a natural 
vantage point, the industrial center of the world. More freight is originated 
in Pittsburgh than in any other city in the world. The world is the market of 
the city. The richest deposits of coal, oil and gas are in what is known as the 
Pittsburgh District, and with these natural resources, the foundation was laid 
for the supremacy in the manufacture of steel, coke and kindred industries. 
The largest producer of coke in the world is the H. C. Frick Coke Company 
which owns 50,000 acres of coal and 12,000 coke ovens, with a daily capacity of 
about 30,000 tons. 

Expansion of the Iron and Steel Industry 

Pittsburgh's iron and steel industry has expanded so enormously in the 
last 20 years that no intelligent historical account could be given in a limited 
space. The Jones & Laughlin Steel Company, the largest independent steel 
company in the world, was created in 1854. The capacity of its works exceeds 
1,000,000 tons of billets and blooms and 1,000,000 tons of finished steel a year. 
The history of the Carnegie Steel Company, beginning with the Cyclops Iron 
Company, in 1864, and concluding with the merger of the United States Steel 




Jones & Laughlin Steel Company, Ltd.'s New Office Building- on Ross Street 



24 HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 

Corporation, would be an historical work in itself. Its founder, Andrew Car- 
negie, has played a most important part in the industrial activity of Pittsburgh, 
and recently in its charities. In 1903, the Carnegie Steel Company operated 

19 furnaces, eight Bessemer converters, 56 open-hearth furnaces, five rolling 
plants with 34 mills, an armor plate works, with a capacity of 3,430,000 tons of 
steel, or one-third of the Nation's capacity. 

The glass industry of Pittsburgh has ever been one of its most important 
supports, and made the city the center of that product in the United States. 
The total value of Pittsburgh glass products, in 1902, was $14,276,228, or 
nearly one-half of the entire output of the United States. 

The Westinghouse enterprises are known the world over. The Westing- 
house Airbrake Company, Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, 
Union Switch & Signal Company, and affiliated companies are enormous, and 
noted producers and large employers of men. The total capitalization of the 
various Westinghouse interests represent, approximately, $100,000,000, with 
an annual output of almost equal amount. 

Important among the industries developed from the application of finished 
steel is the manufacture of steel cars which has attained enormous proportions 
in the Pittsburgh district. Nearly 15,000 men are employed and 50,000 cars 
made annually. 

So varied has the industrial activity of the city become within the past 

20 years, and such proportions has it attained that its mills, workshops and 
factories pay $1,000,000 in wages daily when in full operation. The annual ton- 
nage approximates 110,000,000 tons. 

Consolidation of Pittsburg-h and Alleglieny 

Under the Act of 1906, known as the "Greater Pittsburgh Act," the dream 
of a half century became realized in the consolidation of Pittsburgh and Alle- 
gheny. The two cities, which have ever been one of the common cause, and 
divided only by unseen legal boundaries, had a total population of over 500,000 
at the time of the consolidation, making the new city rank sixth in population 
in the United States. The total area of the united cities is 38 square miles, 
containing 115 ward schools, 400 miles of paved streets, 1,300 acres of public 
parks, and 108 banks, with a capital of $60,000,000. 

A project which promises to make the city of Pittsburgh rise still higher 
in importance to the Nation and the world is the Lake Erie & Ohio River Ship 
Canal which is proposed to connect Pittsburgh with Lake Erie, by way of the 
Ohio, Beaver and Mahoning rivers. A IS-foot channel is planned at an ap- 
proximate cost of $33,000,000. When completed, this will make Pittsburgh the 
greatest inland harbor in the world. 

History of the City of Alleg-lieny 

"The Reserve Town laid out opposite Pittsburgh," as it was called, to- 
gether with the town of Allegheny, was ordered by the Supreme Executive 
Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to be surveyed and laid out as 
a manor, or reserve, September 11, 1787, and was fully accomplished the fol- 
lowing year. 

The town of Allegheny, however, as originally laid out, contained 144 lots, 
each 60 by 240 feet, in blocks 240 feet square. Four of these blocks in the center 
of the town plan were reserved and designed for public buildings, etc. The 
whole surrounded by the common ground, which is 60 feet wide on the South, 




Sixth Street Bridge 

250 feet on the North and East, 1,400 feet on the West, containing an area of 
102 acres, and was designed for a common pasturage for cattle. It was re- 
spectively named East, West, North and South Commons. 

In 1817 the Commonwealth granted about ten acres of_ this common 
ground for the purpose of erecting thereon a penitentiary, but, in 1883, by Act 
of Assembly, it was transferred back to the city for park purposes. 

In 1827 the state granted to the Western Theological Seminary about 18 
acres of the common ground, and about 1850 the city came into possession of 
the seminary grant by obtaining from that institution a perpetual lease for a 
yearly rental of $2,100. By Act of Assembly of March 31, 1870, the remaining 
portion of the seminary grant, which had not been disposed of by the city on 
perpetual lease, was appropriated for the use of the public as a portion of the 

public park. , . ^ s 

The Ohio and Pennsylvania Railroad (now the Pennsylvania Company), 
when it entered the city in 1850, occupied for its tracks a strip of ground 50 
feet wide, extending through the common ground from the Northwest corner 
to Federal street. After allowing for all depletions of the tract set apart by the 
state for a common pasturage, there still remain about 90 acres. 



Creation of the Public Parks 

In 1867, by Act of Assembly, the common grounds were appropriated for 
public parks. Their cost were $300,000, assessed on the real estate of the city. 

A commission, consisting of seven persons, three of whom were members 
of councils, three citizens of Allegheny, not members of councils, and the 
mayor were appointed by councils. This commission had exclusive_ control 
over the common grounds and all improvements thereon until the entire com- 
pletion of the parks. A complete and comprehensive plan of the parks was 
made and submitted to councils and approved by them November 14, 1867. 
The present beautiful ''Central Park" was constructed from this plan. 



26 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



The commission continued in charg-e of the impro\-ement until December 
26, 1876, when it relinquished its control of the park, and since then it has been 
in charge of councils, through the Park Committee. 

In 1894, largely through the efforts of W^illiam AI. Kennedy the mayor of 
the city, sufficient money was raised by popular subscription for the purchase 
of about 200 acres of land in the tenth ward for park purposes. The property 
was secured and the deed tendered the city with conditions as follows: 

"That the new park be named 'Riverview Park.' in accordance with the 
suggestions of the subscribers to the fund for its purchase." 

"That the city shall construct and maintain one or more highways to the 
park on which no street car tracks shall be laid." 

On June 21, 1894, councils, by a resolution accepted the deed on the con- 
ditions named. A large amount of money has been expended in the improve- 
ment of the grounds, making the beautiful ]3ark it now is. 

Alleg^lieuy Made a Borouj*-li 

The town of Allegheny was created a borough by Act of the General As- 
sembly, approved the 14th day of April, 1828. John Irwin was elected Bur- 
gess, serving from 1829 to 1834. He was succeeded by Hugh Davis, who served 
from 1835 to 1838, and John Morrison from 1839 to 1840.' The first charter of 
the city was granted by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on the 13th day 
of April, 1840. Gen. William Robinson, Jr., was elected the first mayor of the 
city, his inauguration taking place on the 17th day of July, 1840, which date 
marked the beginning of the city of Allegheny. 

The successors of Gen. Robinson, as mayor, were as follows : Thomas 
Sample. 1841; AVilliam B. Foster, 1842-43; Hezekiah Nixon, 1844-45; R'. S. 
Cassett, 18^6; Henry Campbell, 1847-48 ; Jonathan Rush, 1849; H. S. Flemine 
1850-52; R. W. Park, 1853; William B. Adams, 1854-56; Harmon DeHaven, 




Allegheny Market Square 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 27 

1857; Jacob Stuckrath, 1858; John Morrison, 1859-60; Simon Drum, 186r-62 ; 
A. C. Alexander, 1863-64; John Morrison, 1865-67; Simon Drum, 1868-69; A. 
P. Callow, 1870-74; died during 1874. David Neely, elected by councils for 30 
days, H. S. Fleming", for unexpired term of A. P. Callow; Ormsby Phillips, 
1875-77; Thomas Magraw, 1878-80; L. Peterson, Jr., 1881-83; J. G. Wyman, 
1883-87 ; R. T. Pearson, 1887-90 ; J. G. AVyman, 1890-93 ; William M. Kennedy, 
1893-97; J. G. Wyman, 1897-1900; John R. Murphy, 1900-03; J. G. Wyman, 
1903-06; Charles F. Kirschler, 1906 to December, 1907, when the cities of 
Pittsburgh and Allegheny were consolidated, and he became the deputy mayor 
of the Greater City of Pittsburgh. 

First Postoffice Established 

The first postoffice in Allegheny was established in 1836, under the admin- 
istration of Andrew Jackson. It was located on the West side of the Diamond, 
between Ohio street and Gay alley. It occupied various places until 1898, 
when its present handsome quarters, erected by the goverment of the United 
States, were completed. The following named postmasters have served since 
the office was created : 

Dr. E. Henderson, George R. Riddle, G. L. Doane, R. C. Fluson, William 
Karns, John McGrew, Thomas Farley, William M. Stewart, Samuel Riddle, A. 
L. Robinson, Hugh McKelvy, John A. Myler, John Swan, John A. Gilleland, 
I. R. Stayton, James A. Grier, John Francies and the present incumbent, Wil- 
liam J. Kopp. 

Annexation of Territory — By acts of the legislature, in 1867 and 1868, the 
Boroughs of Manchester and Duquesne were annexed to Allegheny; also por- 
tions of McClure and Reserve townships and subsequently other portions of 
these townships have been added. 

Al^^ays a Manufacturing" City 

The estimated population of the city, in 1840, was 10,000. It is now 150,- 
000. Allegheny (now Northside, Pittsburgh) has always been a manufactur- 
ing city. From its earliest history the citizens engaged in turning out such 
products as cotton, iron, steel, machinery, paper, leather, glass, rope, wagons, 
plows, oil, locomotives, railroad cars, etc. 

The first iron mill was erected on the West side of Darragh street, and ex- 
tended from Robinson street to. the Allegheny river. It was called the Juniata 
rolling mill. The city had many cotton mills, the Anchor, established in 1828 
by Blackstock, Bell & Co., in the first ward on Robinson street, between Fed- 
eral and Balkham streets .extended along the latter thoroughfare to Lacock 
street. The Eagle, owned and operated by King, Pennock & Co., was bound- 
ed by Sandusky, Robinson and Isabella streets, fourth ward. It was estab- 
lished in 1832 by Arbuckle & Avery. The Hope, run by Pollard McCormick, 
was located at Lacock and Hope streets, fourth ward. The Penn, erected and 
operated by Kennedy, Childs & Co., fronted on River avenue, between Federal 
and Sandusky streets, and extended back to Isabella street, fourth ward. It 
was established in 1846. The Banner, J. K. Moorehead & Co., owners and 
operators, stood at Main and Sycamore streets, extending back to Carpenter 
alley, fourth ward. It was established, in 1836, by Voegtly & Brother. The 
Franklin, E. Hyde & Sons, on West Canal street, between Robinson and La- 
cock streets, first ward, was established, in 1858, by E. Hyde. 



HISTORY OF PITTvSBURGH 29 

It was estimated that these six mills operated over 35,000 spindles, 650 
looms, 175 cards, manufacturing annually over 11,000 bales o^^jotton into 
sheeting, ticking, cotton yarn and cordage, to the value of over $8UU,UUU and 
afforded employment to more than 1,000 hands. 

The Globe Plow Works was established on the Southeast corner of Penn 
street and Cecil allev by Samuel Hall, in 1828. They were subsequently re- 
moved, in 1836, to the Southwest corner of Ferry lane (now Beaver avenue) 
and Walnut street (now Greenwood street), Manchester (now the hfth ward 
of the old city of Allegheny.) 

The first Rope Walk erected West of the Allegheny mountams was es- 
tablished in Pittsburgh, in 1794, on the ground now occupied by the Mononga- 
hela House. The business was carried on by Col. John Irwm and wife in 
1813 it was removed to Allegheny and the business continued until about 186^. 

At the beginning of the last century the first glass works was erected m 
what is now the city of Pittsburgh, on the banks of the Ohio river between 
Juniata street and Washington avenue. At this point the current of the river 
is very swift and difficult of navigation, and is generally known as Glass 
House Ripple." It was, however, after a brief existence, abandoned on account 
of the difficulty in obtaining the necessary supply of fuel. . . i • i 

One of the important branches of industry, and the first of the kind es- 
tablished North of the Allegheny river, was the paper manufactory erected by 
Hind & Howard on the bank of the Ohio river in the fifth ward. It was begun 
in the fall of 1831, completed, and made ready to operate m the following 
spring, but the disastrous flood in the rivers, February 10, 1832, caused great 
damage to the machinery and building. Repairs were promptly made and af- 
ter a brief delay the firm was enabled to commence operations. In 1854 the 
mill was partially destroyed by fire ; it was rebuilt, and was again partially de- 
stroyed in 1857. It was again repaired, and, in 1871, was totally destroyed 
These repeated disasters so discouraged the proprietors that they abandoned 
further prosecution of the business. 

First Bridge Erected 

In the early history of Allegheny the only means of crossing the Alle- 
gheny, Monongahela and Ohio rivers was by ferries, many of which were op- 
erated, at various times, between the North and South banks of the rivers, but 
only three of which were chartered, one on each of the three rivers. 

The building of the Allegheny bridge was commenced in 1818. It was con- 
structed on the arch principle, from St. Clair street, Pittsburgh, to Federal 
street, Allegheny. It was opened for travel February 20, 1820. In May, 1857, 
a supplement to the charter was obtained, authorizing the demolition of the 
old wooden structure and the erection of a new bridge. This was commenced 
in 1860, and was the first iron suspension bridge erected over a navigable 
stream in the United States. Its cost was $250,000. This bridge has been re- 
placed by the present modern structure. 

The Pittsburgh and Allegheny bridge erected from Hand street (now 
Ninth street), Pittsburgh, to Cedar street (now Anderson street) Allegheny, 
was completed and opened for travel in 1839. It, too, gave place to a more 
modern bridge. 

The Mechanic Street bridge (now Sixteenth street)) was completed and 
opened to public travel in 1837. It was destroyed by fire January 26, 1851, and 
rebuilt the same year. 




Old Western Penitentiary 

The Union bridge, erected from the "Point," Pittsburgh, to Grant avenue, 
Allegheny, was constructed of wood on the arch principle. Its erection was 
commenced in 1874, and was completed in the following' year. Its cost was 
$300,000. A few years ago it was razed by order of the Government of the 
United States on account of its height obstructing navigation. The North 
Side bridge was erected in 1884, and opened to the public on January 1, 1885. 



Notable Events 

In October, 1833 or 1834, the boilers of the Eagle Cotton mill exploded, 
causing a partial destruction of the building and the death of thirteen of the 
employees. 

On March 26, 1849, the steam boiler of the Cotton Batting factory, owned 
and operated by James and Andrew Fife, exploded completely wrecking the 
building, setting it on fire and entirely consuming it, together with other build- 
ings in the immediate neighborhood. Seven lives were lost in this disaster. 

On the Fourth of July, 1874, at 12 o'clock M., a most disastrous fire broke 
out in the second ward, in a large frame carpenter shop, at 255-257 Federal 
street. The origin of the fire was evidently the too careless use of fire crack- 
ers. The day was intensely warm, the hot rays of the sun, together with the 
heat arising from the burning buildings, rendered the situation of the firemen 
almost intolerable. Flames and burning cinders were carried by the winds 
over a considerable territory, until a large portion of the ward, lying West of 
Federal street, was a tempest of fire. Apprehensions were entertained that 
the whole Northern section of the city would become involved in the ruin. In 
addition to the general consternation, a report of a deficiency of the supply of 
water in the reservoirs created grave fears that the efforts of the firemen 
would prove unecjual to the emergency. In view of this alarming' state of af- 
fairs orders were issued to shut off the water in the lower districts of the city 
in order that the fast failing supply might be concentrated in the burning dis- 
trict. Owing to this wise measure, together with the efficient aid and gallant 
efforts of the fire department of Pittsburgh, the progress of the conflagration 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



31 



was checked. At 3 o'clock P. M. the lire crossed Federal street destroying and 
damaging- buildings from 248 to 274, inclusive, besides several others on White 
Oak alley, Hemlock and Pearl streets. However, before night came the fire 
was under complete control ; but its work had been accomplished and nothing 
remained of that thickly populated district but a mass of smouldering ruins. 
The loss was estimated at $244,742; insurance, $111,815.04; number of build- 
ings consumed and damaged, 199. 

On the morning of October 3, 1883, the Exposition building, located on 
the ground now occupied by Exposition Ball park, was entirely consumed by 




Allegheny City Hall 

fire. This building was an immense frame structure, filled with rare and val- 
uable articles on exhibition. Its fate was sealed almost before an alarm could 
be given. It was wrapped in flames within a few minutes after it was discov- 
ered to be on fire. The loss amounted to ^377,747.35. 



Butchers' Run Flood 

The citizens of Allegheny have abundant reason to remember July 24, 
1874. They had scarcely recovered from the shock of the calamitous fire of the 
Fourth of July ere they were again called upon to witness a scene far more ap- 
palling, because it not only involved the loss of property but a terrible destruc- 
tion of life. 

The weather in the afternoon was somewhat showery, though unportenti- 
ous of any unusual disturbance. The people attended religious services in the 
evening as usual, many promenaded in the public parks and avenues. About 
eight o'clock vivid flashes of lightning in the North and South, accompanied 
by loud peals of thunder, heralded the coming torrent. Soon the gathering 
storm-clouds came together with terrible force, opening their flood gates of de- 
struction over the doomed districts, extending from the valle3'-s of Butcher's, 
Spring Garden and AVoods Runs on the North, to McLaughlin's, Painter's, 
Saw Mill and Beck's Runs on the South, covering an area of about 16 miles 
from North to South, and five miles from East to West. 

The storm appeared to be the reuslt of a combination of, or rather a col- 
lision between, separate forces approaching from opposite directions, coming 



32 



HISTORY OF PITTSBURGH 



together over the doomed districts covering" the heads of the streams mention- 
ed, whose valle5'S were filled with the down-pour until each became a mighty 
river, carrying death and destruction as it rushed onward towards its natural 
outlet. Every obstacle opposing the mighty flow went down before it. Sub- 
stantial brick building's melted away as if they were constructed of quicksand; 
wooden structures arose from their foundations, were carried along on the bos- 
om of the fast accumulating waters and broken up when hurled against other 
buildings which vainly opposed their onward course. Nothing in its path es- 
caped destruction — houses, bridges, trees, etc., all going down before it. 

The destruction of property, although immense, is nothing when com- 
pared with the loss of human life. Language fails to do justice to the terrible 
scenes presented the following morning. Those who escaped the disaster of 
the night hastened to the scene of ruin in search of the bodies of their lost ones. 
Willing hands were soon at work removing the debris ; while others waited 
with anxious hearts hoping their missing ones had escaped. The loss of life, 
as far as it could be ascertained, is placed at 124. 

The Sanitary Fair 

In the early part of March, 1864, the Pittsburgh and Allegheny branches 
of the Sanitary Commission, having exhausted its funds for the relief of the 
sick and wounded soldiers of the great Civil war, decided to hold a Sanitary 
Fair. A committee was appointed to take the work in hand. There being no 
suitable buildings in the city, it was decided to erect such as were required; 
and, after an examination of the various sites proposed, it was found that the 
public square in Allegheny was the only convenient place that would afford 
room enough for their erection. Buildings covering an aggregate of 73,200 
square feet were erected. In addition to this the entire upper floor of the new 
City Hall, which had been generously granted for the purpose by the Alle- 
gheny councils, was occupied by the "Art Gallery" and the "Old Curiosity 
Shop," and there were extensive buildings for the exhibition of live stock. The 
fair was a great success. The total receipts were $363,370.09. The net re- 
ceipt, paid over to the Sanitary Committee aggregated $319,217.98. 




Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce 



One of the Most Active and Influential Commercial 
Bodies of the World. Brief Survey of its History and 
Paramount Purposes and Accomplishments 




The Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburgh 
A^as incorporated July 8, 1876, with Hon. 
Thomas M. Howe, of the City of Pittsburgh, 
as President; J. F. Dravo, of Beaver County; 
Wm. McCreery, of Allegheny City; J. T. 
Stockdale, of Allegheny City ; Mark W. Wat- 
son, of Allegheny City; J. K. Moorhead, of 
Pittsburgh ; H. W. Oliver, Jr., of Allegheny 
City, and J. S. Slagle, of Allegheny City, Vice 
Presidents ; A . M. Marshall, of Allegheny 
City; Capt. R. C. Gray, of Allegheny City; 
Joseph D. Weeks, of Pittsburgh; Edward 
Gregg, of Allegheny City; C. Meyran, of 
Pittsburgh; J. G. Siebeneck, of Allegheny 
City; Simon Beymer, of Pittsburgh; Dr. D. 
Hostetter, of Allegheny City; George A. 
Kelly, of Allegheny City; T. Brent Swearin- 
gen, of Allegheny City; G. W. Hailman, of 
Pittsburgh; C. A. Carpenter, of Sewickley; 
Wiliam Frew, of Pittsburgh; Daniel Wallace, 
of Pittsburgh; S. S. Marvin, of Allegheny 
City; M. F. Herron, of Pittsburgh, and Ar- 
thur Kirk, of Sharpsburg. 

The Association is, therefore, to-day, in 

the thirty-second year of its existence. The 

present membership includes about eight hundred of the representative business 

men of the City of Pittsburgh. Its present officers are : President, Lee S. 

Smith; Secretary, Logan McKee; Treasurer, H. M. Landis. 

OBJECTS — The objects of the Chamber of Commerce are the protection, 
fostering and development of the commercial,, manufacturing, financial and 
general interests of the nation, state and municipalit}^ and, generally, to use such 
lawful means as will be necessary for their encouragement and protection. 

It would be impossible within the limits of a short space to more than men- 
tion some of the important projects in which the Chamber of Commerce has been 
interested in connection with the commercial and civic advancement of the 
Pittsburgh District. Perhaps the most important has been the activity of the 
Chamber of Commerce on behalf of promoting the Greater Pittsburgh, i. e., the 
consolidation of contiguous municipalities to form one large cit}^ After many 
years of effort, legislation has been secured which now makes possible the ac- 
complishment of this important project. The Chamber of Commerce Bill passed 
by the Legislature at the session of 1906 made possible the consolidation of the 



Lee S. Smith, President 



34 



PITTSBURGH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 



Cities of Pittsburgh and .Mleghcny, and under the Chamber of Commerce Bill 
passed at the session of 1903, adjoining boroughs and townships may become 
annexed as their citizens may desire to participate in the benefits and advantages 
which come under one strong central city government. Pittsburgh has already 
moved from the eleventh to the seventh place in the population statement of 
American cities. As further advances become possible through the development 
of the Greater Pittsburgh idea, much misrepresentation of the real size and char- 
acter of this great city will be corrected and Pittsburgh given the high rank and 
position to which so far as all natural and economic conditions she is entitled. 

Realizing the great value of improving 
our natural highways of transportation— the 
waterways — the Chamber of Commerce has 
carefully kept in close touch with all move- 
ments to this end. This Association has con- 
sistently labored for years m behalf of im- 
provement of the Ohio river until a stage of 9 
feet throughout its length at all tiiues and sea- 
sons be assured. The Chamber took a leading 
part in the effort which freed the Mononga- 
hela river from tolls and was largely inftru- 
mental in securing the construction of Davis 
Island Dam. 

Under the auspices of the Chaml)er the 
Provisional Committee was conr-titutcfl which 
has resulted in the formation oi a company to 
build a ship canal from Lake Urie to the 
Ohio river. 

ADVERTISING PITTSBURGH — 
During the World's Fair at Chicago in 1893 
a Bureau of Information was maintained by 
the Chamber. Statistics and general in forma- 
tion were disseminated and opportunities giv- 
en visitors to Pittsburgh to see something of 
the extent and magnitude of our industries. 
No doubt many returned to make contracts for supplies. 

A $25,000 exhibit was maintained at the Louisiana Exposition at St. Louis 
in 1903. 

Thousands of copies of booklets and other literature representing Pitts- 
burgh have 1)een printed and distributed by the Chamber to all parts of the 
world. 

Pittsburgh has been ably represented by delegates from the Chamber in all 
important National and International conventions or assemblies. 

BENEVOLENCES — The Chamber of Commerce has always been a lead- 
er in providing relief where Pittsburgh has been called to extend assistance in 
times of distress. The Chamber was active in relief to sufferers by the John- 
stown Flood in 1889. $7,000 was raised and sent by the Chamber to Charleston, 
S. C, after the earthquake and a large sum of money to Jacksonville, Fla., after 
its devastating fire. Over $56,000 was raised for Galveston, Tex., over $240,000 
for San Francisco and some $15,000 for suft"erers by the recent coal mine dis- 
asters at Monongah, W. Va., and the Darr and Naomi mines. 

ENTERTAINMENT— Many fine Banquets have been held under the aus- 
pices of the Chamber of Commerce which have brought to Pittsburgh distinguish- 
ed men of this country and others. 




Logan McKee, Secretary 



PITTSBURGH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 



35 



At the dedication of the Court House the Chamber assisted in entertain- 
ment of over 200,000 strangers at a cost of $20,000; at the opening of Davis 
Island Dam 100,000. 

The Chamber has extended the hospitality of the city to the Pan American 
Congress of 1897, the National Association of Manufacturers in 1902, entertain- 
ed the entire commission (about 50) sent by the Chinese Government to Amer- 
ica in 1905, tendered a public reception in honor of Miss Plermione Schenley 
and gave a welcome to Baron Kuroki and party, which drew forth an expression 
of high appreciation and thanks from the Japanese Government. 

MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS— The activ- 
ities of the Chamber in affairs which con- 
cern the promotion of Pittsburgh's Municipal 
and general civic welfare cover a period too 
long and a scope too wide for more than a 
general review. 

The Chamber of Commerce has been 
largely instrumental in having enacted in the 
City of Pittsburgh, one of the most effective 
ordinances for the prevention of unnecessary 
sm.oke in the use of fuel and also the selection 
of competent officials to administer the 
smoke ordinance. Public interest in the mat- 
ter of smoke abatement is steadily growing, 
and there is an increasing desire on the part 
of those who have hitherto been offenders, to 
co-operate with the Bureau of Inspection in 
the elimination of smoke. 

Through the Com.mittee on Municipal 
Sanitation the Chamber of Commerce has 
made a contribution to the solution of the 
question of Sewage Disposal for Pittsburgh. 
A very excellent and exhaustive report of this 
Committee was printed and widely distributed 
.and has ben in demand from officials from 
other cities and scientific men throughout the country. 

The Chamber has organized a Flood Commission to consider and suggest 
a plan for preventing damage from the recurring and ever increasing floods in 
our rivers. 

After many years of intelligent and persistent work, the Chamber succeed- 
ed in having passed a civil service law, which places our municipal service on a 
"basis of merit and efficiency. 

The Committee on Free Bridges made a most exhaustive search of the law 
and the facts relating to the charters and franchise rights of the toll bridges 
crossing the rivers, and the information brought to the attention of City Coun- 
cils. 

The Chamber has been active in its work for the improvement of housing 
conditions in the City of Pittsburgh. Much educational work has been done and 
an ordinance prepared by the Chamber has been enacted, giving additional tene- 
ment house inspectors to the Bureau of Health. Two other ordinances are pend- 
ing, one providing for registration of all tenement houses, and the other for closer 
and more eft'ective regulation of tenement houses, and correcting certain flaws 
in existing conditions. 




H. M. Landis, Treasurer 



36 PITTSBURGH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 

A consistent effort has ben made to secure for Pittsburgh, the great Testing 
Laboratories of the United States Government, and while no selection has as yet 
been made, the Chamber feels confident that Pittsburgh will receive the most 
favorable consideration, and possibly be chosen. 

A notation should be made of the work of the Chamber of Commerce in 
presenting to the municipal authorities, recommendations for a new Market 
House, extension and widening of some of Pittsburgh's principal thoroughfares, 
placing in underground conduits telephone and telegraph wires, regulating the 
use of water for fire purposes through automatic sprinkling systems ; improve- 
ment of the milk supply, securing pure water by means of the filtration plant, 
and the project for a South Side Traffic Tunnel. 

The Chamber is advertising and presenting the Pittsburgh market through 
Trade Extension Excursions, conducted by its members with Merchant's Ex- 
cursions to Pittsburgh for out of town customers. 

Improved freight facilities for shippers and co-operation with transporta- 
tion interests is the work of a special Traffic Department and the Chamber's 
Committee on Transportation and Railroads. Additional and improved freight 
movements have been arranged, a number of important reductions in rates ef- 
fected and full information regarding rates and classifications secured for the 
membership. 

Many subjects of State and National import have been considered and ef- 
forts made to have the Chamber's conclusions carried into effect. Among these 
have been the tariff, conservation of natural lesources, reforestration, parcels 
post, improved waterways. Merchant Marine, good roads, immigration and con- 
sular service. 

To sum up, the Chamber of Commerce represents an organized effort to ad- 
vance the commercial and civic welfare of Pittsburgh and her interests. It rep- 
resents a voluntary public work. The Chamber of Commerce deserves the sup- 
port of every citizen who feels that he owes something to his city and is willing 
to do his part. 



NORTH SIDE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 



A Youthful but Earnest Organization Created and Maintained 
In the Interest of Local Development of Business Enterprises 



The N o r t h s i d e 
Chamber of Commerce, 
with its membership of 
nearly two hundred of 
the most enterprising 
business men on that 
side of the rivers, is the 
outgrowth of the Alle- 
gheny Chamber of 
Commerce which was 
organized in 1903, but 
allowed to die out. The 
re-organization took 
place in 1906, with fif- 
ty charter members. Is- 
idore Reizenstein was 
elected President of the 
new chamber ; George 
H. Douglass, Secretary, 
and William C. Burry, 
Treasurer. The aims of 
the association are to 
promote business fel- 
lowship and good will, 
secure necessary and 
advantageous legisla- 
tion for that section of 
Greater Pittsburgh, and 
to promote, in every le- 
gitimate way, business 
enterprise among the 
merchants. 
The present officers of the chamber are: President, Isidore Reizenstein; 

First Vice President, Henry Albrecht ; Second Vice President, Henry C. Mendel ; 

Secretary, Joseph G. Renvers; Treasurer, Joseph Buka; Board of Directors, B. 

White, Enoch James, A. C. Ganger, Louis Eckert, W. C. Burry, August Loch, 

Charles P. Bernhard, George P. Luther and M. P. Trauerman. 

Isidore Reizenstein, the president, was born in New York, February 22, 
1857. He located in Allegheny in 1865, and atended the Third Ward school in 
North avenue. At the age of 12 years, he entered the china and glassware store 
of his father, and after his death, he assisted in making it a stock company, of 
which Mr. Reizenstein is secretary and treasurer. Mr. Reizenstein was married 
in 1887, and has one child. He makes his home in the East End. 




Isidore Reizenstein, President 



38 



NORTH SIDE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 



Joseph Bnka, tlie treasurer, was born in Germany .December 26, 1856, and 
came to this country in 1879. He located in Allegheny and later started in the 
dry goods business at 904 Federal street. In 1881 he married Peppi Bernheim, 
and two children were born to them, Alfred I. Buka, M. D., and Miss Fannie 
Buka. 





Joseph Buka, Treasurer 



Joseph G. Renvers, Secretary 



Joseph G. Renvers, the secretary, was born in Pittsburgh, November 18, 
1859, at Fifth avenue and Masters Way. He received his education in St. Mary's 
Allegheny parochial school and St. Mary's College at Cincinnati, Ohio. He also 
attended the Third Ward school of Allegheny for a time. Pie has two children, a 
son and a daughter. 



Mayor and Other City Officers 



Pittsburg-li Today One of the Best Officered Cities of 
Its Size ill tlie Nation. Sketches of Those Proiiiiiient 
in Control of the Wheels of Local Government 




George W. Guthrie, Mayor 



40 



MAYOR AND OTHER CITY OFFICERvS 



THOSE COMPETENT to judge say that Pittsburgh is better governed to- 
day than it ever was before. Mayor George W. Guthrie was elected by the 
independent elements of all political parties because of his well-known inde- 
pendent proclivities with the hope that he would give the city a clean administra- 
tion. How well he has fulfilled that hope is shown by the reforms in the various 
departments of the city government he has caused to be inaugurated. And right 
ably has he been assisted by every member of his cabinet and their subordin- 
ates. The mayor's cabinet consists of Deupty Mayor Charles F. Kirschler ; Ed- 
ward G. Lang, Director of Public Safety ; A. B. Shepherd, Director of Public 
Works, and John Swan, Jr., Deputy Director of Public Works; Dr. J. P. Shaw, 
Director of Charities, and Simon Kirschler, Deputy Director of Charities. E. S. 
Morrow is City Controller, and James Brown, Deputy City Controller; John F. 
Steel, City Treasurer, and Richard M. Kopp, Deputy City Treasurer. William 
B. Rodgers is City Solicitor. 




Charles F. Kirschler, Deputy Mayor 



MAYOR AND OTHER CITY OFFICERS 41 

Charles F. Kirschler, deputy mayor of Greater Pittsburgh, who is being 
urged as the RepubHcan candidate for the mayorahy at the next election, was 
born in Butler county, Pa., in 1864, where his parents, Christopher and Christine 
Kirschler were well known residents. Mr. Kirschler is a life long Republican 
and has served his party acceptably and well in many capacities. He has always 
been active in the city and county Republican committees, been delegate to Re- 
publican national conventions, and while mayor of Allegheny won by his aggres- 
siveness and insistence on right and justice the love and esteem of all. 

When he was but eight years old his parents moved from Butler county to 
Allegheny and located in the Second Ward. The son attended the public schools 
of that ward, and after the death of his father in 1876 he attended Duff's col- 
lege and the Iron City Business College. After completing his studies he en- 
tered the Third National Bank of Allegheny, as messenger boy — his first position 
— but in a short time was promoted to that of discount clerk, and by gradual ad- 
vancement rose to be general bookkeeper of the discount department of that bank, 
which position he held until January 1, 1893. From this time his advancement 
was noticeable, and a brilliant career was freely predicted for him. After leav- 
ing the bank Air. Kirschler purchased the fancy grocery business of James 
Lockhart on Federal street, but within a year sold it to accept the position of 
secretary and treasurer of the D. Lutz & Sons Brewing Company. Here his 
business acumen developed so strongly that he became invaluable to the company 
and he continued in the double position for five years. Then, the business having 
grown to such proportions a change was necessary, he retained the treasurership 
in which he continued for three years more. In July, 1901, he formed a partner- 
ship with F. H. Tooker and purchased the Plotel Newell, Fifth avenue, Pitts- 
burgh, but sold his interest there about three years later. In business, political 
and social life, Mr. Kirschler has always been a favorite. Always courteous and 
kind and quick to appreciate a favor as he is to grant one he has won a host of 
friends everywhere. He represented the Fifth ward, in Allegheny Select Coun- 
cil several times, and, in 1906, was elected the city's last mayor. 

Mr. Kirschler was married in 1892 to Miss Ida McClurg, daughter of John 
McClurg of Allegheny, and three children have resulted from the union. 



No more trustworthy person holds a position in the city government than 
John Swan, Jr., Deputy Director of the Department of Public Works. Genial, 
courteous, diplomatic, never out of sorts, no matter what goes wrong, he handles 
his duties with skill and dispatch, always able to get more work with few men, 
than any other ofhcial in his department. John Swan, Jr., was born in Allegheny, 
December 4, 1871, his father having been the late John Swan, Sr., for several 
years Postmaster of Allegheny City. Deputy Director Swan got his schooling 
in the ward schools of Allegheny and at Western University of Pennsylvania. 
In 1890 he entered the employ of Swan & McAfee, general contractors; then, 
from 1895 to 1903, he served as manager for James McAfee & Company, also 
general contractors, when he went into the general contracting business for him- 
self. In 1906, when Charles F. Kirschler was elected Mayor of Allegheny, Mr. 
Swan was made Public Works Director and served most eflficiently in that office 
until the two cities were consolidated. He then became Deputy Director of the 
consolidated departments. 




John Swan, Jr. 
Deputy Director Department of Public Works 




Sdwari; G. Lang 
Director of Public Safety 



MAYOR AND OTHER CITY OFFICERS 



43 



Elmer E. Siebert, Chief of the Bureau 
of City Assessors has a much more interesting- 
history than many of his friends imagine. He 
was born in what was then known as Colher 
Township, but now Alathilda Street, Nine- 
teenth Ward, Pittsburgh, July 6, 1861. Pass- 
ing through the public schools, he graduated 
from the Pittsburgh High School in 1880. He 
then kept books for Booth & Flinn for sev- 
eral years. Tiring of such work, and being 
ambitious to become an electrician, he went 
to Chicago and paid to hold a job while learn- 
ing how to handle and construct electrical ma- 
chinery in a big manufactory there. He prog- 
ressed so rapidly in his work, that in a short 
time the firm placed him in charge of the 
building of a large electric light plant at At- 
chison, Kansas. Completing this contract 
satisfactorily, he returned to Chicago and be- 
gan carrying out the ambition he had to in- 
vent and perfect an electrical switchboard. 
While working at his invention, however, he 
one day touched a highly charged light wire, 
and for an hour was^ given up for dead. 
When he came to himself, all ambition to fur- 
ther pursue things electrical left him, and he came back to Pittsburgh. 

I^Ir. Siebert, who is a son of the late Christian Siebert, has represented his 
ward three terms in Common Council, (1895-1901), aud in 1902, ser\^c<l seven 
months as Superintendent of Highland Park. He was appointed an Assistant 
City Assessor by Ex-Mayor William B. Hays, and made Chief Assessor by the 
present mayor, George W. Guthrie. Mr. Siebert is an independent Republican, 
and has always been against what is known as "ring rule." He is married and 
has one son. Christian, a student at Lafayette College, and lives at Wellesley 
Avenue and Heath Street. 




Elmer E. Seibert 
Chief of the Bureau of City Assessors 




The City of Pittsburgh has no more ef- 
ficient officer than Charles S. Brown, Superin- 
tendent of the Bureau of Public Improve- 
ments. This goes without saying. Born in 
Pittsburgh, September 21, 1868, he moved to 
First WardAllegheny two years later with his 
parents, where the attended the public schools 
of the First Ward. In June, 1886, he entered 
the City E.ngineer's office, where, by earnest 
and faithful endeavor, he arose, step by step, 
until in 1895, he was appointed Clerk to 
Viewers. He designed and built up the pres- 
ent system of handling the viewers" business, 
and had the Bureau of Public Improvements 
adopted by Councils in March, 1901, when he 
was appointed Superintendent of this new 
branch of the city government. 



Charles S. Browx 
Supt. of Bureau of Public Improvements 




Edwin T. McGough 
Captain of Detectives 



Thomas A. McQuaide, Supt. of Police 




Edward J. Kknnelly 
Asst. Superintendent of Police 




T. C.Johnson, Sergeant of Detectives 
QUARTETTE OF EFFICIENT CITY OFFICERS 



MAYOR AND OTHER CITY OFFICERS 



45 



Meat Inspector Richard Geyer Ellison 
was born in Clarion County, Pa., May 28, 
1878. Early in life he moved with his parents 
to Allegheny City, where he was educated in 
the common schools, and in several business 
colleges. He is a Protestant, an ardent Re- 
publican, and an earnest party worker. After 
leaving school, Mr. Ellison engaged in the 
wholesale meat business, with marke'd suc- 
cess. He is single, and resides at 1219 Race 
Street, North Side. -Qn April 3, 1903, he 
was appointed Meat and Milk Inspector of 
Alleghen}^, and since the consolidation of the 
two cities, served for several months as that 
officer; but he now devotes his whole time in 
inspecting meats. He is an efficient officer 
and has hosts of warm friends. 




Richard Geyer Ellison 
Meat Inspector 




One of the most faithful and efficient of- 
ficers of the city government is Charles L. 
Dittmar, Ordinance Officer of the North Side. 
Mr. Dittmar was born in the Third ward, Al- 
legheny, March 3, 1854, and educated in the 
public schools there. When a mere boy he 
learned the trade of cigar-maker, and, in 1875, 
went into the business for himself, until 1884. 
He was then elected wharfmaster, retaining 
that office five years, when he went back to the 
trade of cigar-maker. In 1891, he was again 
made wharfmaster, but resigned the office, in 
1895, to go into the hotel business at East and 
First streets. Two years later Mr. Dittmar was 
appointed Ordinance Offxer of Allegheny, 
holding that position until 1903, when he went 
into the insurance business. In 1906, he was 
again made. Ordinance Officer, and has since 
filled the office with efficienc}^ and honor. Mr. 
Dittmar was married in 1876, and has four 
children. He lives at 709 Ellsworth avenue. 
North Side. 



Charles L. Dittmar 
Ordinance Officer of the North Side 



Pittsburgh s Kducational 
Institutions 



The Greater City Ranks Hig-h in Collegiate as Well 
as Public and Private School Work. Its Manual 
Training and Domestic Science Departments the 
Finest in the World 

No city in the world has better pubhc schools than the Greater Pittsburgh 
Samuel Andrews, at the head of the Pittsburgh schools, and John Morrow, at 
the educational helm on the North Side, both have brought the public school sys- 
tems of the two districts up to a plane that none can look down upon. In points 
of buildmgs and equipment the city schools rank with the highest. Especially is 
this true as regards the manual training and domestic science departments. The 
Carnegie Technical school, too is the wonder of the world, and the pride of the 
city, while the local colleges and private schools are beginning to attract attention 
everywhere. 

Pittsburg^h's Public Schools 

What was known as "The Adelphi Free School," established in the summer 
of 1816, was really the beginning of the Free or Common School system in Pitts- 
burgh. The object of this school was, as the constitution of the society which 




Friendship School 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 47 

fostered it, declared "gratuitous instruction of poor female children in reading, 
writing, arithmetic, sewing and knitting," a sort of Grammar School and Domes- 
tic Science School combined. 

Almost every one in Pennsylvania is familiar with the name and picture 
of Thaddeus Stevens, who is generally regarded as the "Father" of the Common 
or Free Schools of this State, and whose untiring efforts resulted in the passage 
of the Common School Law by the Legislature and its approval by Governor 
Wolf, April 1, 1834. The Constitution of Pennsylvania made it obligatory upon 
the Legislature to establish schools throughout the State, wherein the children of 
the poor might be taught gratis. When this law was adopted a great many of the 
people could neither read nor write, but this did not prevent them from objecting 
to it and asking that it be repealed. The following quotation from the report of 
the Committee of the Legislature, to whom were referred the petitions for the re- 
peal of the Act, shows the deplorable ignorance and prejudice of the people: 

"That although the number who have petitioned for the repeal is deplorably 
large, yet it is but a small minority of the whole number of votes of the Common- 
wealth to wit : about 32,000. Those who ask for a modification only, are 2,084 ; 
those who have deemed it necessary to remonstrate against the repeal, 2,575. The 
Committee were pained to find among those who deem a general S3^stem of educa- 
tion unnecessary, and ask for its repeal, 66 who were unable to write their names 
and who attach their signature by making their marks, and according to the best 
conclusion to which the Committee could arrive, more than ten out of every hun- 
dred of the petitioners' names were written by other hands than their own. 
Whether this arose from inability to wrtie their own names the Committee do not 
feel themselves called upon to determine. The Committee would further remark 
that in most of the petitions not more than five names out of every hundred are 
written in English, and the great mass of them so illegibly written as to afford 
the strongest evidence of the deplorable disregard so long paid by the Legislature 
to the Constitutional injunction to establish a gneral system of education." 

Had But Four Ward Schools 

Pittsburgh which was at this time composed of four Vv'-ards, the North, 
(Fourth) ward; the South, (Second) ward; the East, (Third) ward; and the 
West, (First) ward, was not slow to realize that her future greatness would be 
the result of educating the masses. 

The Directors of the North ward rented an old frame building at the foot 
of Irwin street, which is now Seventh street, put in desks and seats in one of the 
upper rooms and employed a teacher and opened the first Common or Free School 
in Pittsburgh with five pupils. 

In 1835 the South Ward School was opened ; the directors leased a two-story 
brick building known as Hyde's Carpet Factory, on Water street, below Smith- 
field street, on the site of the present JMonongahela House. This school was 
opened the 11th day of September. The First, (West) Ward School was opened 
early in 1836, in a three-story brick building on the west side of Ferry street, 
between Fourth and Liberty streets. The East (Third) Ward Board of Direc- 
tors determined to erect a three-story school house on the west corner of Diamond 
and Script alleys. This was the first school building erected in the city under the 
new law. The school opened December 5, 1836, with a principal of the male de- 
partment, a principal of the female department, and a teacher of the primary de- 
partment; the South Ward made arrangements to send their primary children 
to the Third Ward School. 



48 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



In 1836, the Fifth ward, now the Ninth and Tenth wards, was taken into 
the city. A pubhc school was opened in 1837 in rented rooms. The present 
Seventh and Eighth wards (Frankhn) then the Sixth ward, was admitted to the 
city in 1845, and the first school was opened May, 1847. The Seventh ward, now 
the Eleventh (Moorhead) became a part of the city in. 1846, and a school build- 
ing was erected in 1848 on Green and Linton streets. The Eighth ward, now the 
Sixth (Forbes) was added in 1846. The Ninth ward, now the Tv/elfth, (O'Hara 
and Springfield) was admitted to the city in 1846. There was then a small school 
building at Twenty-sixth and Smallman streets. From an enrollment of five in 
1835, there is now an enrollment of almost 55,000. 



Each Ward a Separate District 




Previous to the Act of 
1855, each ward of the city 
was a separate school dis- 
trict, whose school was con- 
trolled by six directors, 
chosen by the people for 
three years, but having 
their terms :;o arranged 
that two went out of olTice 
each year. There was no 
common bond of union be- 
twen these separate school 
wards, and, although they 
were in close neighborhood 
to each other, they were 
not parts of any common 
sysiem, and were, in nature 
and workings, as inde- 
pendent of each other as 
they would ha^'e been in 
separate townsliips or 
counties. At the passage 
of the above act there were 
nine wards in t:ie c:ty. P.y 
thib act the city of Pitts- 
burgh was constituted an 
independent school district, 
and each of the school 
boards of the nine wards 
was required to elect, wiili- 
in twenty days after the 
election of school directors, one person to serve as member of the Central Board 
of Education, which person must be a citizen of the ward, alt'iougV. not required 
to be a member of the ward board. The persons tliut elected mem.bers of the 
Central Board of Education were required to meet at a public school house as 
soon as practicable, and organize by choosing officers and so arranging their 
terms that one-third of their number went out of office at the end of one year, 
one-third at the end of two years, and one-third at the end of three years. There- 



David B. Oliver 
President Allegheny Board of School Controllers 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



49 



after the term of each representative was three years, one-third going out of office 
annually. 

In accordance with this law, the following members elect met February 20, 
1855, in the Fourth Ward School House, and organized as the Central Board of 
Education: John B. Bell, of the First ward; Reuben Miller, Jr., of the Second 
ward; Samuel M. Kier, of the Third ward; Robert E. McGowin, of the Fourth 
ward; William McSague, of the Fifth ward; James Lowry, Jr., of the Sixth 
ward ; William Arthurs, of the Seventh ward ; William H. Everson, of the Eighth 
ward; William Varnum, of the Ninth ward. Robert E. McGowin was chosen 
president; Reuben Miller, Jr., treasurer, and Joseph W. Lewis, secretary. 

Powers of the Central Board of Education 




GEORaE W. Gerwig 
Secretary Alleg-heny Board of School Controllers 



The Central Board was em- 
powered to determine, assess, levy 
and collect, annually, the taxes 
which were nect<=sary, together with 
the State appropriation and any 
other available funds : First — To 
provide and maintain high "schools, 
not exceeding two. Second — To 
provide and maintain schools for 
children of color. Third — To pay 
all the teachers of the ward schools. 
The Central Board was empowered 
to select the course of study for the 
pubhc schools of the city ; annually 
to select the text-books to be used; 
to determine the number of teach- 
ers to be employed and to fix and 
pay their salaries. 

The Ward Boards of Directors 
were empowered to levy and collect, 
annually, a special tax, not exceed- 
ing the regular school tax, for erect- 
ing and maintaining buildings ; to 
appoint and dismiss the teachers of 
the ward schools and to supervise 
and direct the operations of those 
schools. 



By the revised law , approved February 12, 18G9, which is the law under 
which the schools are now conducted, each ward was constituted a sub-district, 
and the Central Board has the power, on petition of the boards of directors of two 
contiguous sub-districts, to consolidate them into one sub-district; and, under 
certain conditions, to divide a sub-district into two sub-districts. Also the Cen- 
tral Board was empowered to create, establish and maintain a normal school, in 
connection with the Public High School, and to issue to the graduates of said 
normal department a diploma, which, when signed by the Faculty of the High 
School, the President of the Board, and the City Superintendent, should have the 
same force and vitality as the professional certificate ; and tlie City Superintendent 



50 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 




was empowered to call a teachers' institute for the city, with the snme advantages 
as those enjoyed by the county institute. 

Immediately after the organ- 
ization of the Central Board of Ed- 
ucation, in February, 1855, they 
proceeded, according to the re- 
quirements of the law, to make ar- 
rangements for opening a High 
School at the beginning of the next 
school term. Although the letter of 
the law seemed to require them to 
establish two high schools, yet it 
was construed as satisfied by the 
establishment of one. It was called 
the Pittsburgh Central High 
School. The first principal Rev. 
Jacob LaGrange McKown, was 
elected July 2Z, 1855. At first the 
law permitted those only to enter 
who had spent at least one year in 
the public schools of the city. An 
examination of such candidates for 
admission was held, under the di- 
rection of the faculty of the High 
School, which consisted of the 
principal and three assistants, two 
males and a female. September 
25, 1855, 114 pupils were admitted by the Central Board of Education, and the 
school immediately opened, in rented rooms, at 514 Smithfield street. In 1868 
the school moved to more commodious quarters at Wood street and Sixth avenue, 
and remained there until moving to its present location at Bedford avenue and 
Fulton street ; in 1869, a normal and a commercial department were added. The 
property owned by the Central Board of Education on Miller street, and used, un- 
til 1874 as a school for colored children, was fitted up and used by the Normal and 
Training School, January 1878. It is needless to say that the work of the High 
School has been appreciated when one thinks of the increased enrollment which 
the South in 1898, and the phenomenal success of the first year's work of the 
necessitated the opening of the beautiful Fifth Avenue building, in 1896, and 
evening High School, in 1907-1908. 

While the Central Board had been opening a High School, the ward schools 
were increasing acordingly, and, in 1868, the Legislature passed an Act consol- 
idating the outlying districts to Pittsburgh; this brought into the city parts of 
the townships of Peebles, Liberty, Lawrenceville, Collins and Pitt. 

The schools were now designated by the Central Board of Education as the 
Colfax, Duquesne, Forbes, Franklin, Grant, Hiland, Howard, Lawrence, Liberty, 
Lincoln, Minersville, Moorhead, Mt. Albion, North, Oakland, O'Hara, Peebles, 
Ralston, South, Washington, High and Colored. 

FIRST SUPERINTENDENT OF THE CITY SCHOOLS! 

The first superintendent of the Pittsburgh Schools, George J. Luckey, was 
elected in May, 1868, the city having formerly been under the jurisdiction of the 



David O. Dalzell 
Librarian of the Public School Library 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



51 



County Superintendent. His successor, the present incumbent, Samuel Andrews, 
was elected in May, 1899. 

Pittsburgh has the honor of establishing the first Public Day School for the 
education of deaf mutes in the United States. This school was opened September 
4, 1869, in the First Ward Public School building, room 5, with nine pupils; dur- 
the first month the number of pupils increased to twenty-two. The attendance 
increased and the school was removed to a more central location, in the Third 
Ward School, and, in 1876, became affiliated with a State Institution. 



By an Act of Assembly, 
April, 1872, the boroughs of the 
South Side were consolidated 
with the City of Pittsburgh, and 
a committee, instituted by the 
Consolidation Act, presented to 
Council a report dividing the 
South Side into wards. These 
boroughs were formerly part of 
Lower St.. Clair township, Bir- 
mingham and East Birmingham 
townships, Chartiers and Tem- 
perancevihe, and were made in- 
to twelve school districts by the 
Central Board of Education, 
named as follows: Twenty- 
fourth ward. Wicker sham ; 
Twenty-fifth ward, Morse ; 
Twenty-sixth ward, Humboldt; 
Twenty-seventh ward, St. Clair; 
Twenty-eighth and Twenty- 
ninth wards, Birmingham ; Thir- 
tieth ward, Knox; Thirty-first 
ward, Allen ; Thirty-second 
ward, Mt. Washington; Thirty- 
third ward, Monongahela; Thir- 
ty-fourth ward, Riverside ; Thir- 
t5^-fifth ward, Luckey; Thirty- 
sixth ward, Thaddeus Stevens. 

There were then thirty-four school districts, fifty-one school buildings and 
330 teachers; at the present time there are forty-five sub-districts, one hundred 
school buildings and 1,364 teachers. 

The sub-districts have increased, new districts being added and other dis- 
tricts growing so that it was expedient to divide them. Splendid new buildings 
have been erected of the most modern architecture, equippd with the most mod- 
ern and serviceable furniture, and the halls, corridors and stair landings have 
floors and wainscotting of marble in many of them; pictures of famous artists 
adorn the walls, the heating and ventilating systems are the best that are known 
Pittsburgh may well be proud of her school buildings, as no more beautiful or 
complete buildings are to be found in the country. 

The increase in educational facilities not only in Pittsburgh but all over this 
great country, during the past thirty or thirty-five years, has been wonderful; 
the people have shared in the compulsory education laws, the kindergarten move- 
ment, the industrial school movement, the vacation schools, the night schools and 




Samuel Andrews 
Superintendent Pittsburgh Public Schools 



52 PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 

all other such educational advantages which are here to stay. The vacation 
schools and the kindergartens have mothers' meetings at which the mothers of 
the pupils are taught things about their everyday work. At no other time in his- 
tory has interest in education been so great as now, and all institutions, the grade 
school, the high school, the colleges, and universities are overcrowded with people 
of all races working together to solve the great problem of life. 

To Superintendent Samuel Andrews, more than to any other one man, is due 
the high standing to which Pittsburgh's public schools have attained. He was 
born in Robinson township, Allegheny county, Pa., in 1847. He never engaged 
in any calling except that of teaching, which he commenced in 1867 in Robinson 
township, where he remained until called to take charge of the Chartiers township 
schools. After a successful period in that position, he resigned and commenced 
upon the duties of principal of the schools of the Thirty-sixth ward, Pittsburgh. 
He remained there for fifteen years and assisted greatly in building up the schools. 
His next position was that of principal of the Sixteenth ward schools, which posi- 
tion he held at the time of his election as Superintendent. 

Allegheny Schools 

From trustworthy sources, it is learned that the Borough of Allegheny had 
at least fairly good subscription schools many years before it became a city. And 
there is reliable information that Thimas McConnell and William Carson taught 
successful schools away back in the early '30s, in Robinson street, near Corry 
street, in a long room, without plaster, paint, or any of the modern conveniences. 




Allegheny High School — Manual Training Department 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



53 



About 1835, a borough school was estabHshed in the Presbyterian Academy, 
on South Common, near Marion avenue, under the management of John Kehyi 
who is said to have ben a very successful teacher. A Mr. Campbell and others 
also taught in this school about that time. It is well known, too, that the borough 
of Allegheny had other good pay schools, but the absence of records makes it im- 
possible to give any authentic account of them. 

The borough of Allegheny became a city in 1840, and was divided into four 
wards. The public schools in each of these original wards were more effectively 
organized at this time, and the first Board of Directors elected in the First ward 
consisted of the following named gentlemen : Thomas M. Howe, Dr. T. F. Dale, 
William M. Bell, H. P. Swartz, J. J. Carpenter and Luke Loomis. Most of these 
gentlemen had been members of the Borough School Board and were continued 
in office. During the same year, 1840, the First and Fourth wards established a 
joint High School, which was held in the basement of the South Common Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church, and conducted by John Kelly. This school was patron- 
ized by all of the four wards, as it was the only High School in the city. 

In 1844 the directors 
of the First ward pur- 
chased a lot of ground at 
Rebecca and School streets, 
where the First ward 
school building now stands, 
and thereon erected a two- 
story brick house, contain- 
ing four rooms, and in Jan- 
uary, 1845, removed the 
schools from the old acad- 
emy to this new building. 
John Kelly was then 
brought here from the 
joint High School, already 
mentioned , and put in 
charge of the highest de- 
partment. The boys' medi- 
um department in this 
school was taught by a Mr. 
Goldrick; the girls' medi- 
um by Mrs. Creighton ; and 
the primary grades by Miss 
Caroline Kelly. In 1847 
Miss Kelly resigned and 
Misses M. E. Carpenter 
and Agnes Dorrington 
were appointee i to take 
charge of the primary de- 
partment In 1849 the first ward manual training schools, Allegheny 

building was enlarged by a third story containing two rooms. In 1853 two rooms 
were rented in the western end of the ward ,at the extravagant sum of three 
•dollars per month, and two additional schools were organized, with Misses Letitia 
Reed and Mary May as teachers. In 1855 Miss May was transferred to the 
building at School and Rebecca streets, and Miss M. J. McDonald was appointed 
to fill the vacancy occasioned by Miss May's withdrawal. 




54 PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 

In 1856, owing to the gradual increase in population, six additional rooms 
were added to the rear of the building at School and Rebecca streets, and the 
schools in the western end of the ward were removed to this house, which con- 
tinued to be used for school purposes until 1874, when the present modern struc- 
ture was erected, containing thirteen large, well-lighted rooms. 

The first schools in the new edifice were taught by the following teachers : 
Misses Emma Gregg, Emma White, Jenny Patton, Uizzie B. Hall, S. L. Mc- 
Quigg, Belle Cunningham, Sadie Eyle, M. M. Dorrington, M. E. Carpenter, 
Jeannette H. Lecky, and W. T. Moorhead, principal. Four of these teachers are 
still doing faithful and effective work in this school. The next change of im- 
portance took place in 1868, when the western end of the ward was cut off, with 
other territory, to form a part of the Fifth ward. 

Through the liberality of Henry Phipps and the energy and enterprise of the 
First Ward School Board, many changes in and additions to the school facilities 
of the First ward have been made in recent years, that have contributed greatly 
to the success of the schools. The new Manual Training building, the Phipps' 
Playground and Gymnasium, the Swimming Pool, as v/ell as the Kindergarten, 
Domestic Science, Manual Training and Physical Culture departments, etc., etc., 
all combine to bring the First Ward Schools up to date in management and 
methods of instruction. 

Second Ward School Organized 

The Second Ward schools were organized about 1834, but from the paucity 
of records regarding their early history, no detailed account of them can be given. 
It is proper, however, to say that the citizens and directors of the borough had 
just as good schools in the Second ward as in any other part of the borough, for 
the reason that the schools were all under the borough management. From 1840 
to 1846 the schools of the Second Ward were held a part of the time in a two- 
story building that stood at North alley, now Erie street, and Webster street, now 
Sherman avenue. This building contained two rooms, the second floor being 
reached by a flight of stairs on the outside. The other part of the time these 
schools were conducted in a building at Barnett alley and Arch street. 

In 1846 a new building was erected at North avenue and Palo Alto street. 
A few years later this building was remodeled, one story being added, containing 
two rooms, a class roo mand a study room, which were occupied respectively by 
a principal and an assistant, as that was the way the schools were then organized. 

This remodeled building was wrecked by a severe storm in April, 1858, and 
a new building was erected on the same lot. Additions and changes were made 
on this building from time to time, as the population increased, until 1895, when 
it was abandoned and an elegant new edifice erected on Sherman avenue, near 
North avnue, to take its place. 

Prominently identified with the history of the Second Ward schools are the 
names of Captain H. M. Dunlap, C. W. Benney, Rev. Joseph King, and Dr. B. 
F. Woodburn. Capt. Dunlap was a member of the Second Ward Board for 
twenty-seven consecutive years, ending February, 1886. He was president of the 
Second Ward Board most of the time. Mr. Benney was secretary of the Ward 
Board, as also of the Board of Controllers for many years before his death. He 
was always regarded as a most painstaking and efficient officer. Dr. King was a 
leader, of great wisdom and ability He was noted for hiS kindness of heart and 
abiding interest in the schools. Dr. Woodburn's wise counsel and thoughtful 
judgment made him a valuable member of botii 'lie local board and Board of 
Controllers. 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 55 

For some years before 1875 the Second ward maintained two oilier schools 
besides the one on North avenue. One of these was located on Taggart street, 
and was known as the Pleasant- V^ailey school , the other was located at Ridge- 
wood and Harrison avenues, on Observatory Hill, and named the Pidgewood 
school. 

The Pleasant Valley school was organized May, 1866, as a sub-district school 
of the Borough of Manchester, with Miss Elizabeth Richardson as teacher. A 
little later, a two-story frame school house was erected, on Taggart street, and an 
additional teacher apointed. Still later, the Borough of Manchester was annexed 
to Allegheny, and this school assigned to the Second ward. 

During the summer of 1867, the Ridgewood. school was organized as a 
sub-district of McClure Township, and a one-story brick building erected for 
the district. This building has been remodeled and enlarged, and is used as a 
dwelling house since the territory was added to the city. 

In 1873, the w^ard was divided into two school districts, and the Irwin 

avenue building M^as erected, containing seventeen school rooms. The four 
teachers and two hundred pupils of the outer schools, with five teachers and 
three hundred pupils from the North avenue building, were transferred Janu- 
ary, 1875, to the new Irwin avenue building. 

In 1887 the territory of the Second ward was again divided, the hill part 
of the ward forming the third district, and on Monday, April 30, 1888, a new 
two-story brick building of eight rooms was opened in the new district. Ex- 
tensive additions have been made both to this building and to the Irwin ave- 
nue house. The most recent improvement to the latter being the new Manual 
Traijiing building, with the best modern equipment for teaching domestic 
science and manual arts. This building has, also, a large swimming pool. 

In 1839, at North and Cedar avenues, the first brick public school building 
in the Third .ward was erected. The second house was a one-story frame 
building, of two rooms, erected about 1841, at East and Third streets. 

The "Ark" as a Schoolhouse 

The old Washington Temperance Society of Allegheny erected a building 
near the Diamond, about 1846, which was known as the Ark. This building 
was rented and fitted up to accommodate the advanced pupils of the male de- 
partment of the Third w^ard schools. Four teachers were employed in the 
ward in 1843. The names of some of the old instructors, who, it is said, swung 
the birch with very salutary results, about this time, were H. L. Lemon, James 
Mclldowny, C. Hausbrook, L. H. Eaton, R. H. Kelly, C. B. Herron, R. M. 
Cargo, and John Cowan. They are all said to have been faithful and earnest 
workers. 

In 1850, a new brick building, containing eleven rooms, was erected at 
North avenue and Esplanade street. At two different times, additions were 
made to this building, increasing the number of school rooms to twenty-three. 
This building is now used as the Bowmont Hotel. The schools now occupy 
the large and elegant new edifice, of recent construction, on the opposite side 
of the street. The new building has few, if any equals, in this or any other 
country for plainness and substantial construction, for arrangement, economy 
and convenience, and for completeness of equipment of its various depart- 
ments. It stands a monument to the memory of the late Alexander C. Lati- 
mer,who was largely instrumental in its projection and construction. 



56 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



Fourth Ward Had Three Schools Orig-inally 

Owing to the gradual increase in population, the Third ward, in 1871, was 
divided into two school districts, and a three-story brick building was erected 

This structure was completed 
at Chestnut and Perry streets, 
in 1872 at a cost, including the 
site, of $75,000. Rev. John 
Davis was the first principal of 
the school, and served in that 
capacity for thirteen months, 
when elected he was the first 
City Superintendent of the Al- 
legheny schools. Air. Davis 
was followed as superintendent 
by Prof. L. H. Durling, now of 
Baltimore, who was succeeded 
by the present incumbent, John 
Morrow. 

The earliest available records 
of the Fourth ward speak of 
three schools presided over, re- 
spectively, by James M. Smith, 
Miss M. A. McKee and Wm. 
A. Foster. Two of these schools 
were located in the basement 
of Dr. Sproull's Presbyterian 
church, Lacock and Sandusky 
streets ; the other on Avery 
street, near the park. A joint 
public high school, already de- 
scribed, and a public colored 
school were also maintained in 
the Fourth ward at this time. 
The colored school was located in the basement of the Baptist church and was 
taught by Miss Mathilda J. Ware, a colored lady. In 1841, another school was 
added, and, in 1843, the two in Dr. Sproull's church were removed to Dr. Rod- 
ger's church, at Sandusky street and Stockton avenue, now the second United 
Presbyterian church. In 1844 the schools had increased to seven in number 
and were reorganized and located as follows : — two in the basement of the 
South Common church, taught by John Girard and wife ; two in the basement 
of Dr. Rodger's church, presided over by R. J. Creighton and daughter; two 
with James M. Smith and daughter as teachers, located in South Canal street, 
near the aqueduct in the eastern part of the ward; and the remaining one on 
Avery street, near East Common. In October, 1848, a new building, costing 
$5,400, and located in Sandusky street, below Ohio street, was ready for occu- 
pancy. This building was overhauled about 1871, and is now used as a church 
by a Reformed Presbyterian congregation. This ward was divided into two 
school districts in 1848, and the Sandusky street building continued to be oc- 
cupied for school purposes until 1871, when the present building in Liberty 
street, near East Park, was completed at a cost of $42,000, the lot having cost 
$27,000 additional. Additions had been made to the South Canal street build- 




JoHN Morrow 

Superintendent Allegheny Schools 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 57 

ing from time to time until 1866, when it could no longer accommodate the 
schools, which had grown from two, in 1844, to eight, in 1868. The present 
building, including ground, fencing, grading and paving, cost $56,300. 

First Printed Annual Report 

The first printed annual report issued by the Board of Controllers appear- 
ed, October 22, 1855. This is the date also of adoption of rules and a system of 
government for the Allegheny public schools. The Board of Controllers at 
this time, 1855, was composed of the following gentlemen : 

President, John T. Pressly, D. D. ; secretary, James 'V. Sample. 

First Ward — Thomas Snaiih, Phillip Wilson, John A. Scott, Tarnes Kennedv, 
William Dilworth, Jonathan Ross. 

Second Ward— George R. Riddle, Wm. P. Eichbaum, Daniel Richards, 
James Munden, Ralph Bagaley, James T. Sample. 

Third Ward— James h. Graham, C. B. Herron, Wm. Walker T T Reed 
M. D., S. B. W. Gill, Esq., Thomas Farley. 

Fourth Ward— Rev. C. W. Quick, James Rodgers, D. D. ; J. P. Sterrett, Esq 
Richard Bard, L. C. Wilmarth, John T. Pressly, D. D. 

The foregoing Board of Controllers established four departments in the 
schools: Primary, Medium, Grammar and High School. The High School 
course embraced physics, chemistry, astronomy, physiology, political science, map 
and crayon drawing, algebra, bookkeeping, composition and declamation. 

Central Hig-h School Organized 

This organization continued in operation from 1855 until 1883, when the 
High School classes of the different wards were consolidated and a Central High 
School organized in an old frame building in Sherman avenue. This building 
had been occupied by the colored school but more recently was used as a tobacco 
factory. 

From these humble beginnings, with three teachers, have grown the present 
irnposing High School edifice, extending from Sherman avenue to Arch street, 
with five well-equipped departments and twenty-eight teachers. e 

The territory of which the Fifth ward is composed was clipped from the 
First and Second wards and the Borough of Manchester. January 20, 1868, the 
first Board of Directors was organized in this ward, consisting of the followino- 
gentlemen: John E. Park, Joseph Walton, Robert Lea, Nathan McClintock^ 
S. _F._ Crowther and Charles B. Shea. At Page and Fulton streets a new brick 
building, three stories high, containing sixteen rooms and a hall, was erected. 
It was dedicated September 2, 1869. December 21, 1869, the new building was 
so damaged by fire that it had to be vacated for repairs until September, ^1870. 
In 1886 the school had so outgrown the accommodations that an additional twelve- 
room building had to be erected. In 1906 the sixteen-room building was again 
visited by fire, and this time rendered a total wreck. The board, now, 1908,\as 
a magnificent new structure, with all modern conveniences, nearing completion, 
on the same lot. 

Old Teachers of the Sixth Ward 

The Sixth ward was originally a part of Ross township ; later a part of the 
Borough of Manchester. About 1830 a gentleman named Neville taueht 



a 



58 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



private school near Strawberry lane and Beaver avenue. A few public-spirited 
gentlemen, with Robert M. Park as leader, erected a frame school house near 
Chartiers and Fayette streets, in which private schools were held for several 
years before the adoption of the public school system. It was in this building the 
first public school in the Sixth ward, under the Pennsylvania School Law, was 
opened. The new school law met with such bitter opposition that no one could be 
found willing to serve with Mr. Park on the board. By instructions, however, 
from the Attorney General at Harrisburg, he levied school taxes, appointed col- 
lectors, elected teachers, and for a whole year constituted the entire board him- 
self. It is related, too, that during that year one of Mr. Park's collectors was 
horsewhipped because he politely asked a wealthy citizen and prominent member 
of the Presbyterian church to pay his taxes. Mr. Park promptly met the gentle- 
man more than half way, and vindicated the law by compelling him to pay not 
only his taxes, but the costs of collecting. Prominetnly connected with the his- 
tory of the Sixth ward Schools as teachers, both before and after this territory 
came into the city, are the following names : Messrs. McPherson, Wilson, Lemon, 
Rankin, McElvane, Stewart, Stevenson, Campbell, Bradberry, Moorhead, Mar- 
shall, Davis, and Misses Gordon, Davidson and others. 



New Territory Added 

The remaining wards of the city are all portions of Ross, Reserve, or Mc- 
Clure Townships. Indeed, they might all be said to be parts of Ross Town- 
ship, because both Reserve and McClure are clipping's from Ross Township. 
The public schools of this territory, however, were organized about 1836. In 
1857 the first public school building, a one-story brick house, containing two 
rooms, was erected n the Seventh ward, fronting on Angle and Humboldt 
streets. An additional story of two rooms was erected to this building in 1861, 

and in 1868 a one-story frame building of 
one room was added to the same lot. In 
1874 an adjoining lot was purchased with a 
building on it, which was modified and fitted 
up for school purposes. x\t this time, 1875, 
the present Twelfth and Thirteenth wards 
belonged to the Seventh ward. The school 
population had increased so rapidly that a 
new additional twelve-room building was 
proposed on the previously described prop- 
erty. This started such a wrangle and bit- 
ter criticism in the ward that the Woodville 
district and New Troy Hill district became 
the Twelfth and Thirteenth w^ards. In 1878 
the remaining part of the Seventh ward 
erected the present fourteen-room brick 
building in Spring Garden avenue. 

In 1849 Duquesne Borough, previously a 
part of Reserve Township, was organized, 
and, in 1868, became the Eighth ward. Ben- 
jamin Herr had donated a lot, opposite 
Herr's Island, 50x85 feet, to the borough, 
William l. Smith ^nd, in 1847, a two-story brick building was 

PriQcipai Allegheny High School ercctcd, the school board fumishiug part of 




PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 59 

the money for its erection, but the principal part being contributed by the citi- 
zens with the understanding" that the house should serve the double purpose of 
schoolhouse and church. Numerous additions were made to this partnership 
building as the population increased, until September, 1884, when the present 
building on the north side of East Ohio street was occupied. 

Records of the Ninth ward do not extend farther back than 1856, when J. 
Shipman is credited with being instrumental in establishing the first pay 
school, which was taught by Miss Martha McAlister, who was succeeded by 
the Misses Vanwinkle and Clark. At this time the territory was part of Ross 
Township, and later a part of McClure Township. These townships had then 
township-subscription schools. 

The select pay school referred to became the first public school in this dis- 
trict under the directorship of Dr. Campbell, J. Philips, C. Coleman, R. Forest- 
er, M. Carson and J. Old. The board, in 1859, erected a frame building of two 
rooms on Williams and Hanover streets, to which the school was transferred 
and Mr. Skinner was elected principal and Miss Adley, assistant. In 1861, an 
additional room was added, which was taught by Miss Hughes. In 1867, a 
brick building of three rooms was erected on the same lot. In 1873, the pres- 
ent spacious building of twelve rooms and a hall was erected in Wilkins street, 
and, in 1879, this part of McClure Township became the Ninth ward, Alle- 
gheny. Some of the principals who served in this school in former years were 
Messrs. Cook, Kelso, Glenn (now in the School Department at Harrisburg), 
Brubaker, McCullough, Anthony, and others. 

In 1871, the North End School District was organized from portions of 
McClure and Reserve Townships. In 1878, this district was annexed to Alle- 
gheny and became the Tenth ward. The North End school, in this district, 
now the Fifteenth ward, was erected in 1864. School was opened also in the 
new three-room building in Charles street, Sept. 1, 1873. In 1886, an additional 
room was added to the Charles street house and four teachers employed. In 
1874, the Milroy avenue building was erected at a cost of $11,642, including 
building and lot. The Tenth ward has three good school buildings — one in 
Charles street, one in Milroy avenue, and one in East street. An extensive new 
building at Ellwood and Maryland avenues, near Perrysville avenue, is in pro- 
gress of construction. 

The Eleventh ward, like some of the others, was a part of McClure Town- 
ship, previously taken from Ross and Reserve Townships. In 1859, there were 
three schools in the township — No. 1, in Marshall avenue, near the Brighton 
road ; No. 2 was located in what is now the Ninth ward ; and. No. 3 corresponds 
to the Davis avenue or present No. 2 of the Eleventh ward. This township 
was annexed to the city in 1872, and a new building, costing about $30,000, was 
erected in Shady avenue, in 1874, to take the place of the old brick building at 
Woodland avenue and McDonald street, near the Brighton road. Extensive 
and costly additions have been made to the Shady avenue building in recent 
years. 

Eleg-ant Modern School Buildings 

The elegant new building in Davis avenue, near California avenue, takes 
the place of the old combination brick and frame building at Davis avenue and 
Brighton road. The Twelfth and Thirteenth wards, as has been stated, were 
offshoots of the Seventh ward, in 1868. They have excellent buildings and 
good schools. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth wards were parts of the North 
End district. Their history is of recent date. They also have good buildings 
and good schools. 



60 



PITTvSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



6 


49 


57 


422 


$602 


$1821.50 


257 


763.00 


$18,000 


$422,870.94 


14,881 


89,136.20 





4.50 



General Contractor, Samuel li. McCain, has erected most of the Alle- 
gheny school buildings in recent years among which are the Second ward In- 
dustrial school, and the new buildings of the Third, Fifth and Seventh wards. 

The Allegheny schools are well equipped. They embrace the kindergarten, 
intermediate, and high school departments. Thse departments include instruc- 
tion, not only in the English and high school branches, but in manual training 
and domestic science. 

The Board of Controllers, composed of ninety members, is the largest, and 
one of the best if not the best school board in the world. 

While it must be admitted that some of the employees of the board at dif- 
ferent times, have wandered somewhat from the path of rectitude, still it 
cannot truthfully be said that the board itself has ever had a serious squabble 
or scandal since its original organization more than fifty years ago. 

David B. Oliver, who presides over the deliberations of the Board of Con- 
trollers, has been a continuous member of that body for thirty-eight years and 
has been president of the board most of the time. He has had an active part 
in all the important educational and financial questions of the board during 
this long term of office. 

The following table shows the growth of the Allegheny schools since 1855 : 

1855 1908 

Male teachers employed , 

Female teachers employed 

Average salaries of male teachers 

Average salary of female teachers 

Amount of school tax levied 

Amount of State appropriation 14,881 

Number of mills school tax levied 

Thomas B. Scandrett, of 
the law firm of Scandrett & 
Barnett, with offices in the 
Peoples building. Fourth ave- 
nue, and who taught two 
terms (1855-1887) in the Alle- 
gheny High School, was Sec- 
retary of the Board of Control 
from 1887 to 1892. Mr. Scan- 
drett and Hon. James S. 
Young, now Judge of the 
United States District Court, 
then President of the Board of 
Control, worked persistently to 
secure the legislation which 
permits the operation of the 
Allegheny High School. It was 
through their untiring efforts 
that the proper legislation was 
enacted by the State Legisla- 
ture. Mr. vScandrett is active 
and persistent in attending to 
his law duties and enjoys a 
large and lucrative practice. He 
is married and lives in the 
East End. 

Thos. B. Scandrett 
Secretary Board of Control 1887-92 










.^ 



62 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



The officers of the Board of School Controllers now are: President, David 
B. Oliver ; Secretary, George W. Gcrwig. John Morrow is Superintendent of 
Schools ; William L. Smith, Principal of the High School, and David O. Dalzell 
is Librarian of the Public School Library. 

The Allegheny High School building, in Sherman avenue, and extending 
through to Arch street, is one of the handsomest and most commodious struc- 
tures of its kind in the world. F. J. Osterling, one of the foremost architects in 
this country, drew the plans and specifications and superintended the construc- 
tion of this magnificent building. Mr. Osterling has been the supervising archi- 
tect of many of the most important structures erected in this section recently, 
and has been chosen by the Pittsburgh Central Board of Education as super- 
vising architect of the proposed new $1,200,000 High School building. 




Allegheny High School Building. F. J. Osterling, Supervising Architect 



PITTSBURGH'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 



63 



The Public School Library 

The Allegheny Public School Library is the outgrowth of what was known 
as "The James Anderson Library Institute of Allegheny City," which was es- 
tablished by Col. James Anderson in 1850, and consisted of the books o? his 
private library which he offered to the free use of the people. In 1871 the 
Board of School Controllers assumed the management of the library. It con- 
tained from three thousand to four thousand volumes. It has now twenty-six 
thousand volumes and a circulation of fifty-thousand per annum. The first li- 
brarian under the management of the Board of School Controller was C. W. 
Benney, who was appointed March 5, 1872, and the second was his son James 
W. Benney, who served from April 4, 1876, until his death which occurred in 
September, 1902. In October of the same year, David O. Dalzell, the present 
librarian was elected to fill the vacancy causd by the death of Mr. Benney. 
Miss Mattie McAllister held the position of assistant librarian for twenty-three 
years. At her death, three years ago, Miss Florence Miller, the present incum- 
bant, was elected in her stead. 




Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh 



A Mag-iiiticent Gift Presented to the North Side 
by Andrew Carnejirie, Where Over 5,000,000 
Books Have Been Issued to the Public 

In 1881, Andrew Carnegie offered Pittsburgh $250,000 for the erection of 
a ±<ree Pubhc Library, contmgent upon the city appropriating $15,000 annually 
for Its manitanience. Owing to legal difficulties, however, the city authorities 
were unable to avail themselves of the gift. 




Allegheny Carnegie Free Library 



The offer and the discussion concerning it aroused a sentiment in Allegheny 
m favor of accepting a similar gift should Mr. Carnegie feel disposed to make 
such an offer to the sister city. Accordingly on May 13, 1886, George W. Sna- 
man presented a resolution in councils offering to dedicate the Third Ward 
Square for a site for a free library in case Mr. Carnegie would erect a suitable 
building, the city further agreeing to expend $15,000 annually for its maintain- 
ence. Mr. Carnegie thereupon agreed. to erect a building at a cost of $250,000, 
which sum was voluntarily increased by him to $300,000. The city has like- 
wise been liberal in appropriating annually the funds necessary for its mainten- 
ence._ Although the amount agreed upon was indefinite, the obligation of the city, 
as stipulated in the ordinance accepting the gift, reading "to appropriate a suf- 



ALLEGHENY CARNEGIE FREE LIBRARY 



65 



ficient amount annually," and tentatively, it was understood not to be less than 
$15,000 annually, it has always been considerably in excess of that amount, av- 
eraging about $20,000. 

The following prominent gentlemen composed the building commission: 
Henry Phipps, Jr., John Walker, James B. Scott, Richard C. Gray, Hugh Flem- 
ing, Adam Amnion, Arthur Kennedy, Thomas A. Park, and George W. Snaman. 
The building is a massive structure of gray granite in Romanesque style and 
is well situated at the geographical and business center of the city, occupying the 
whole of the Third Ward Square. It covers nearly an acre of ground and con- 
tains a large delivery room, two periodical rooms, an open shelf room ,reference 
rooms, children's room, stacks sufficient for 150,000 volumes and a music hall 
with a seating capacity of 1,100, equipped with spledid pipe organ. It was form- 
ally opened to the public by Ex-President Benjamin Harrison on February 13, 
1890, and since that date over 5,000,000 books and periodicals have been issued 




Delivery Room — Allegheny Carnegie Free Library 



to the public, and a collection of 62, 000 volumes has been gathered together. An 
average annual patronage of nearly 300,000 places it as probably the busiest in- 
stitution of its class in Western Pennsylvania. Of the 62,000 volumes in its 
possession, nearly 25,000 are comprised in its reference collection. The library 
is particularly strong in its collection of indexed periodicals, both foreign and 
American, possessing nearly 10,000 such volumes. Other noteworthy features 
of the reference library are the Henry Phipps scientific collection, and the Wil- 
son King collection of Americana. The former was a gift of Henry Phipps, 
who expended $10,000 in purchasing scientific publication which formed the nu- 
cleus of the reference room collection. The Wilson King collection now num- 
bers over 400 volumes and 100 maps, many of which are rare. They were do- 
nated by the Plon. Wilson King, a prominent son of Allegheny, but now a resi- 









Reference Rooms— Allegheny Carnegie Free Library 



dent of England, who still shows his interest in his native city by adding to the 
collection from time to time. 

The Carnegie Free Library of Allegheny is purely a municipal institution, 
the management being entrusted to a councilmanic committee. The committee 
is now as follows : 

J. O. Bostoce, F. W. Bonini, Stephen H. Boss, William J. Burke, L. J. 
Dietrich, Jacob Dosch, Morris Einstein, Julius L. Haering, R. L. Henderson, 
Charles H. Hetzel, William Hoegel, John C. Kaiser, John H. Keane, C. C. 
Kohne, William Ladley, George J. Tappe, S. G. Eennox, P. A. Manion, John 
S. Miller, William Murray, Thomas McGrath, Samuel McKinley, M. E. O'Brien, 
John M. Orr, Samuel Poster, J. H. Purnell, William H. Richey, Erwin Roth- 
pletz, N. F. Savage, Charles C. Schad, Edward P. Schatzman, Adam Schnitzer, 
J. F. Semmelrock, J. H. Sheasley, Charles Stewart, F. X. Straessley, J. C. 
Wasson, W. H. Weber, John Werner, C. C. Williams, E. R. Walters, president 
Select Council, William Brand, president Common Council, William Metcalf, 
Jr., Chairman. 

For the past five years Edward E. Eggers has been the librarian in charge. 



Pittsburgh's Water Supply 



Lrarg-est Single Filtration Plant Owned by the City. 
Krected After I/ong-, Tedious Delays, Caused by Con- 
demnation Proceeding-s. Immense Work Accom- 
plisbed by the T, A. Gillespie Company 

GREATER PITTSBURGH, the envy of the world, because of its mam- 
moth steel mills and foundries, its immense manufacturing plants and its un- 
equalled record for the largest annual tonnage in shipments, will soon, have com- 
pleted the largest single water filtration plant in the world, with a daily capacity 
of one hundred and twenty million gallons of pure water. There are other cities, 
even in this country which have filtration plants that furnish many more gallons 
of water each day, but where this is so the water is pumped from several small 
plants. When completed the beds for filtering the water, the storage basins, the 
pumping station and other buildings will cover almost the entire 106 acres pro- 
vided for this purpose. 

The progress made in the work on Pittsburgh's water supply so far is very 
satisfactory, although there have been numerous discouraging delays. Prior to 
starting the work, in 1905, several years were consumed in the courts with 
necessary condemnation proceedings, for, with the exception of 25 acres, it was 
necessary to secure the needed amount of land by legal process. The opposition 
was not because a sufficient price was not offered for the land for those who have 
been in close touch with this great work know that the city offered and paid a 
fair value for the land it seized. 

The plant is located in O'Hara township near the boundary line of the bor- 
ough of Aspinwall, and along the north bank of the Allegheny river. To provide 
space for the filter beds and storage tanks, it was necessary to raze many build- 
ings, remove miles of fence, to cut thousands of threes, and to skin off millions 
of cubic yards of surface dirt, and tons of rock and over-growth. Few persons 
realize the mammoth undertaking which confronted the city officials and officers 
of the Bureau of Filtration in their work to supply to the people an abundance of 
pure water. Months ran into years, with the work on preliminaries, before the 
first acre of ground was secured, and more months ensued from then until the 
first shovelfull of earth was moved. Many m.eetings of councils and committees 
with engineers and experts in filtration were necessary before the city couM de- 
termine what it really wanted, and, although the work, once started, progressed 
rapidly, aside from unforseen and unavoidable delays, the contractors are now 
one year behind the scheduled time. 

In Pittsburgh and vicinity as much or more, than in any other section of the 
country, there were many wells, and as the city grew in population and spread 
out over the hills, these wells were first inadequate to supply the demand, and 
later many of them became polluted. They were ordered filled up wherever con- 
tamination was found, but even now there are wells and springs which are as 
famous for the purity and sweetness of the water as they were two hundred years 
or more ago. Many of these are landmarks which the older residents remember 
well when as children they played about them. 

The work on the filtration plant, which, when completed, will represent a 
total expense of $7,000,000, began in May, 1905, and will not be completed before 
January, 1910. There will be a total of 56 filter beds, with a daily supply of 



68 



PITTSBURGH'S WATER SUPPLY 



120,000,000 gallons of pure water. The work on the first 46 fiUcr beds is com- 
pleted. At present there has been expended $3,500,000 for these filter beds. One 
acre of ground is required for each bed. There are 2.S acres used for sedimenta- 
tion basins seven acres for storage basins containing the filtered water, three 
acres for the pumping stations and other buildings, and 15 acres of vacant land. 
No more river water is being furnished. About 60 per cent of the water is fil- 
tered; the balance is "settled" water. In the construction of this immense plant, 
the largest single unit filter plant in the world, a small army of men was needed 
and train loads of supplies were unloaded each day. The contractors at times 
had as many as 1,500 men working. In the maintenance of the pumj-jiug station 
and filtration plant, when completed, 150 men will be necessary. 




Pittsburgh's Filtration Plant. Asptn'wall, Pa. 



The cost of maintenace of this plant will be much less than for similar i)lants 
in other cities, because of the improvements not included in plants elsewhere. 
There are no open courts here. All are paved and covered ,and the arrange- 
ments for storing and handling the sand, necessary in the operation of the plant, 
will provide" a considerable saving. In every clepartment the most improved 
methods will be used, with the knowledge that though the primary cost may be 
higher than the plant could be built for, the saving in operation and maintenance 
will more than ofifset this. 

The recent action of the State Department of Health in peremptorily order- 
ing the city to proceed at once with the work of providing means for pure water 
for every section of the city may be the means of hurrying the work along to an 



PITTSBURGH'S WATER SUPPLY 



69 



earlier completion. The State officials have granted until December, 1911, to 
complete the work of the additional ten filtration beds so as to provide water for 
all sections. This order, however, in no way conflicts with plans already under 
way. All of old Pittsburgh will be furnished with filtered water within a short 
time, and the Northside, formerly Allegheny, will have filtered water, it is prom- 
ised, in the course of about two years. To supply the Southside with filtered 
water the city is trying to acquire the plant of the Monongahela Water Company, 
but so far has not succeeded in arriving at a satisfactory understanding with that 
company as to price. Mayor Guthrie believes there will be no difficulty in com- 
plying with the demands of the State authorities prior to the time limit set by 
them. 





Thos. a. Git-lespie, President 



Robert Swan, Vice President 



The contract for this immense work was let to the T. A. Gillespie Company, 
general contractors, of Pittsburgh and New York, which has charge of the 
greater part of the construction of Pittsburgh's water system. The work of the 
filtration plant, which, when finished, will be the complete water system for the 
greater city, has been one of the greatest achievements of this firm. For several 
years it has been closely identified with every new work connected with the local 
water system. 

The company also had charge of the work of providing the water supply for 
Allegheny, now the Northside of Greater Pittsburgh, which is furnished with 
water from the Montrose pumping station, 11 miles outside of the city, on the 
north bank of the Allegheny river. To provide means for carrying this water to 
the city it was necessary to lay over 11 miles of pipe, 60 inches in diameter. This 
pipe line passes through Aspinwall, Hoboken and Millvale, and taps are provided 
at these places so the water can be secured in the event of an emergency. 

This company also completed, some time ago, two pipe pines, each 1,200 
feet long, that are laid under the Allegheny river, crossing from the filtration 
plant to the Brilliant pumping station. Another of the first works in connection 



70 PITTSBURGH'S WATER SUPPLY 

with the local water system, was the construction of a steel pipe line to convey 
the water from the Highland reservoirs to the Southside . It provided and in- 
stalled the immense pumping machinery for the city, and laid miles and miles of 
water and gas lines throughout the city. It also built two of the big dams in the 
Ohio river, dams Nos. 8 and 11. 

In other lines of work the T. A. Gillespie Company has been equally suc- 
cessful, and has done a large amount of railroad construction work for the 
Wabash and other roads. Through years of experience with such vast under- 
takings, this company has come to be looked upon as one of the most substantial 
and trustworthy of the gi'eat contracting firms of the world, and annually its 
work calls for the expenditure of millions of dollars in wages and for material. 

The T. A. Gillespie Company has constructed probably 80 per cent, of all 
the large steel-riveted water supply mains in the United States, the principal ones 
being for the cities of Newark, N. J. ; Paterson, N. J. ; Jersey City, N. J. ; Minne- 
apolis, Minn. ; Allegheny, Pa. ; Seattle, Wash. ; Schenectady, N. Y. ; Troy, N. Y., 
and has just completed water supply systems for the cities of Lockport, N. Y., 
and Erie, Pa. The company has now under construction the Rondout syphon for 
the New York City water supply, aggregating approximately $7,000,000; the 
steel pipe lines for Brooklyn, N. Y., approximately 24 miles in length, of 72-inch 
diameter steel pipe, and the construction of approximately 12 miles of 48-inch 
diameter steel pipe for the city of Springfield, Mass.. 



Fire-Alarm and Police Telegraph 



Pittsburg-h's Bureau of Electricity, the Finest Equipped 
in the World. Gamewell and Standard Underg-round 
Cable Companies Furnished and Installed Almost the 
Entire Outfit. Other Things Electrical 



What is now known as the Bureau of Electricity of the City of Pittsburgh 
was organized as the Fire Alarm Telegrnph system in 1866, with Samuel T. 
Paisley as Superintendent, who remained as such until 1871. Then the portions 
of Pittsburgh known as the East End and South Side were added to the city, and 
Samuel L. Fullwood was elected superintendent. Pie had charge of the system 
until 1877, when Mr. Paisley was re-appointed and held the position until 1879, 
when George E. McLean was made superintendent by the Fire Commissioners, 
holding the offxe for some two years. Morris W. Mead was then elected super- 
intendent by the Fire Commissioners, he having held the position of chief oper- 
ator for the two years previous. Mr. Mead remained in charge of the Bureau 
of Electricity until 1901, being connected with the electrical interests of the city 
for some twenty-three years. 

The Bureau of Electricity, as a bureau, was established in 1886, under what 
is known as the Charter Act, the new charter having provided for all the electrical 
interests of the city to be included in one bureau, known as the Bureau of Elec- 
tricity, and attached to the Department of Public Safety. This included the fire 
alarm and police and telephone systems, incident to the city's service. 

In 1895, Councils provided by ordinance for the establishment of an In- 
spection Bureau for the purpose of inspecting all electric wiring in all the build- 




Old-Time Fire Alarm and Police Signal System 




Transmitter and Line-Testing Board 

ings of the city, commercial as well as dwelling houses. The supervision of this 
work was placed in charge of the superintendent of the Bureau of Electricity. 
Mr. Mead immediately organized this special department, and requested that 
special inspectors be appointed to assist in looking after this particular work. 
Councils immediately arranged for two inspectors, and subsequently added a 
third. Also, under this ordinance, the Bureau of Electricity was gi^^en power to 
supervise the construction of all electric light and trolley wires erected over the 
streets of the city, for safety purposes, thus having complete power to direct the 
construction work of all corporations having wires on the streets, so as to pre- 
vent any interference one with another. 

The electrical department, as built up by Mr. Mead, was the most complete 
and the finest operating department known in the United States, and his specifica- 
tions have been copied and used in several of the large cities of the country in the 
subsequent rebuilding of their operating departments. 

Alleg-lieny's Electrical Bureau 

At the close of the great Civil War, the City of Allegheny (now the North 
Side of Pittsburgh) undertook to protect its citizens against the ravages of fire, 
and after due deliberation and investigation the Gamewell system was installed in 
the city, in 1866. This installation was made under the supervision and direction 
of Chief James Crow, then Chief of the Fire Department. It consisted of 58 



FIRE-ALARM AND POLICE TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS 73 

street boxes, an automatic repeater and gravity-battery outfit; but as the years 
went by it became necessary to add to the fire alarm system, as new territory was 
annexed to the municipahty. • , , • r i 

The fire alarm system installed in Allegheny was about the eighth city otthe 
United States to adopt an automatic system for sounding alarms of fire. Since 
that time great strides have ben made in the fire alarm business, and many val- 
uable improvements made and Allegheny was wide awake to see that it obtained 
the best and latest improved apparatus for protecting the lives and property of 

its citizens. <■ , r 

In 1891, Elmer G. Loomis was appointed to the superintendency of the fire 
alarm systern. Since then he has brought the system from that of the old type 
up to the present modern central office system, and added many valuable features. 
The original type fire alarm box in service was the plain interference box, 
and, when the non-interference fire alarm box was found practical, the City of 
Allegheny adopted it in place of the original box ; and, when the positive non-in- 
terference fire alarm box had proved, by the test of time, that it was practical, 
the city lost no time in securing this valuable feature, which prevents the con- 
fusion of one alarm with another. So, to-day. North Side Pittsburgh has in 
service a complete non-interference fire alarm system, both in the central office 
and in the boxes on the streets. 

The average citizen does not realize how important a fire alarm system is, 
therefore the purpose of this article is to call their attention to the fact that all 
apparatus used in connection with the fire alarm system should be of the highest 




Fire-Alarm Switchboard 



74 



FIRE-ALARM AND POLICE TELEGRAPH SYvSTEMS 



grade, and that nothing but the best material and highest skilled workmanship 
should be used in the making of every piece of apparatus connected therewith. 
A city may have a most ample supply of water and the best equipped fire depart- 
ment; yet neither of these is available until the location of the fire is made known 
to the department, and the most accurate and reliable way to sound an alarm of 
fire is to give the same from the street fire-alarm box, as there is no confusion of 
signals, nor the probability of the location being misunderstood. 

This fire alarm system is divided primarily into three elements : First, the 
street boxes and circuits connecting them are the transmitting elements. Second, 
the central office where all the street circuits as well as all the engine house cir- 
cuits concentrate and where all the signals are received is the directing element. 
Third, the engine houses where the street signals finally reach, are the acting 
elements. 

The residents of the city should acquaint themselves with the location of the 
fire alarm box nearest to their place of business and residence, so that, in case of 
fire, no time will be lost in giving the alarm, as the first few minutes after the 
fire is discovered are the most valuable. 

"A little fire is quickly trodden out, 

Which, being suffered, rivers cannot quench." 

— Shakespeare. 

Underground Cable System 

Practically all of the underground cables of Pittsburgh and what was for- 
merly Allegheny ,have been furnished by the Standard Underground Cable Com- 
pany, a corporation which has been directly interested in the manufacture and 

installation of electric wires 
and cables for the past 26 
years. The cable used in Pitts- 
burgh has been made with 
rubber insulation on the indi- 
vidual conductor, and lead- 
sheathed in the usual man- 
ner, while that in Allegheny 
has been made up of saturated 
fibre on the individual con- 





ductor with, of course, a pro- 
tective sheathing of lead also. 
Although considerable quan- 
tities of this material have 
been furnished to both Pitts- 
burgh and Allegheny for 
many years, no troubles have 
arisen directly due to imper- 
fect manufacture, nor to faulty installation on the part of the Standard Under- 
ground Cable Company. 

In this connection it is of interest to note that the company manufacturing 
these cables is one of the best and most conservatively managed concerns in 
Pittsburgh and its financial standing and business reputation of such high order 
as to place it in the front rank of leading Pittsburgh concerns. It was the pioneer 
American manufacturer to produce lead-covered cables for the transmission of 
electricity and the first company to produce lead-covered cables, wherein the 



FIRE-ALARM AND POLICE TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS 



75 



lead is formed continuously around the conductors by means of massive hydraulic 
presses. It was the first American manufacturer to issue a handbook of technical 
information dealing with the subject of electrical wire and cable manufacture and 
cable installation. This handbook has been a recognized authority for years on 
such subjects. The company operates large plants at Perth Amboy, N. J. ; Pitts- 
burgh, Pa., and Oakland, Cal. 

To Morris W. Mead and Elmer G. Loomis belongs the credit for bringing 
the local Bureau of Electricity up to its eminent position. Both were with it in 
its infancy, Mr. Mead in Pittsburgh, and Mr. Loomis in Allegheny; and, as the 
years went by, each with skill and enthusiasm, built up his respective bureau 
until almost perfection had been reached. Mr. Loomis still retains his office, but 
Mr. Mead, because of a change in the city administration, has been otherwise 
engaged in conducting electrical matters since his retirement as superintendent 
of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Electricity. 

Under Mr. Mead's direction the underground system of the Ciiy or Pitts- 
burgh was started and carried forward under an ordinance approved May 22, 
1895, and the business part of the city, from Grant street to the Point, and be- 
tween Water street and Duquesne Way, was immediately covered by the under- 
ground system, and all wires of the city placed in conduits, the Standard Under- 
ground Cable Company furnishing the cables. Subsequently, under Mr. Mead's 
direction, a system of underground cables was extended to Sixteenth street, out 
Penn avenue; also out Forbes street and Fifth avenue to Soho, to the entrance 
of the Twenty-second Street bridge. In building the operating departments of 
the Bureau of Electricity in City Hall, the Gamewell system was used exclusively, 
and when the system was transferred from City Hall to the Public Safety build- 
ing, and rebuilt, it was added to and improved under his direction. 

Mr. Loomis was born in Randolph 
township. Portage county, O., August 23, 
1854. He is a son of Russell Loomis, an 
Ohio farmer, and received his education 
in the public schools of his native town- 
ship. He was always of a mechanical 
turn and at an early age developed 
marked ability to make toys and wind 
and water mills. In 1880 he was em- 
ployed for a few months in the Buckeye 
Engine Works, at Salem, O., and during 
the same year he came to Allegheny and 
secured employment in the Ft. Wayne 
shops. Later he worked in the shops of 
the Wcstinghouse Machine Company, 
and in 1882 he was appointed engineer 
of the Allegheny Columbia Engine Com- 
pany. He showed such rare ability to 
repair fire engines and apparatus that 
James Crow, then chief of the Allegheny 
fire department, started a repair shop 
and placed Mr. Loomis in charge of it. 
In a short time he was elected by coun- 
cils superintendent of Fire Telegraph, 

and when John R. Murphy was elected Director of the Department of Public 
Safety, Mr. Loomis was appointed superintendent of the Bureau of Electricity 




Elmer G. Loomis 



76 



FIRE-ALARM AND POLICE TELEGRAPH vSYvSTEMS 



and has held the ofifice ever since. He was married in 1884 to Aliss Lizzie Hanes, 
and to the imion have been born seven childrn, all of whom are l.'vino;. He is a 
Mason, a Shriner, and a member of Allegheny Lodge 339, P>. P. O. E. 

Mr. ]\Iead was born near 
Burlington, Vt. He moved 
to Pittsburgh with his par- 
ents in 1861, where he has 
resided ever since. Mr. 
Mead attended the schools 
of the Fourteenth ward, 
Pittsburgh, graduating from 
the Pittsburgh Pligh School 
in 1873. He read law for 
two years with J. H. Bald- 
win, and for a time was head 
salesman in the establish- 
ment of J. R. & A. Murdock, 
florists and nurserymen. In 
the spring of 1879 Mr. Mead 
was appointed operator, and 
in about a year promoted to 
chief operator of the Pitts- 
burgh Fire Alarm Tele- 
^graph. Shortly after this he 
was made superintendent of 
this department, and Wil- 
liam De Camps, secretary of 
the Fire Commission, dying, 
Mr. Mead succeeded him. 
For two years he held the 
combined positions of secre- 
tary of the Fire Commission and superintendent of the Fire Alarm Telegraph, 
being the only person who has held the two positions jointly. Under him was 
introduced the police telegraph and call system, and the entire telephone system 
now in use by the various departments of the city. As a result of his organizing 
and executive ability, Pittsburgh owns as fine a system of police and fire alaim 
and electric inspection as can be found in the Um"ted States. 

Mr. Mead was president of the Pittsburgh Electric Club, also a member of 
the New York Electric Club during the existence of these organizations ; a mem- 
ber of the Electrical Committee of the International Fire Chiefs' Association, a 
member of the National Committee for standardizing wires for electric light 
wiring; a member of the old-time Telegraphers' Association, and for many years 
a member of the National Electric Light Association. He also assisted in organ- 
izing and was president of the International Association of Fire and Police Su- 
perintendents of the United States. He was assistant to Professor Barrett, who 
was chief of the Department of Electricity at the World's Columbian Exposition, 
Chicago, 1893, the Chief Electricians of Pittsburgh, New York and Brooklyn 
being the only ones so honored. He was also one of the chief electricians, with 
the Boston and Chicago city electricians, who made a special investigation of the 
destructive nature of electrolysis. Locally, Mr. Mead was for some fourteen 
years director of the Young Men's Republican Tariff Club of Pittsburgh; also 
chairman of the Regatta Committee of the Yacht Club, taking great interest in 
the sport. He is a Mason, being a member of Pittsburgh Lodge, 484, a member 




Morris W. Mead 



A GREAT RAILROAD CENTER 77 

of the Consistory, Thirty-second Degree, and of the Mystic Shrine ; also a mem- 
ber of Lodge 11, B. P. O. E., and formerly a member of Twin City Lodge, 245, 
Odd Fellows; also of Maddock Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and formerly a mem- 
ber of Egremont Castle, Ancient Order of Knights of the At^ystic Chain, and tor 
a great many years a member of the Pittsburgh Prc.^s Club. 

He has always kept up his electrical connections, having been for several 
years General Sales Manager for the National Cable & Wire Company, and sub- 
sequently manager of the electrical departmnt of the H. W. Johns-Mansville 
Company. 

Eew Northsiders realize that there is so complete an electrical supply house 
on that side of the river as conducted by Otto J. Goettmann, at 817 East Ohio 
street. Mr. Goettmann handles all kinds of arc and incandescent lamps, is agent 
for the Buckeye Incandescent and the Western Electric Arc Lamps. He manu- 
factures the Roberts Minature Transformers, and handles the largest line of 
electrical toys in the Greater City, during the holidays. Electrical washmg ma- 
chines are also handled to considerable extent by him. 

Mr. Goettman has been in the electrical business over eighteen years, having 
learned the trade in Pittsburgh. In 1903, he established his present store, his 
place of business previous to that having been in Liberty street, North Side. 

Mr. Goettmann was born in Allegheny, September 30, 1873, and educated 
in the public schools there. He is married, has two boys, and lives at 869 Liberty 
street, North Side. 



A Great Railroad Center 



Pittsburg-h the Home of the Gig-antic Pennsylvania 
System. Recent Costly Improvements by Transpor- 
tation Companies 

Pittsburgh's marvelous rise to industrial supremacy on a site which was a 
wilderness infested with savages a century and one-half ago has been due, almost 
wholly, to resources, application, and transportation. Without enormous natural 
wealth development to the present pinnacle of industrial supremacy would have 
been impossible. Without a progressive, undaunted and active citizenship devel- 
opment would again have been unimportant. Lastly, but of vital importance, 
transportation facilities have ever been imperative in expanding what woidd 
otherwise have been nothing but a home and local market, despite natural wealth 
and individual ambition. 

Transportation was uppermost in the mind of George Washington, when, in 
1753, he selected the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers as an 
admirable site for a fort and which subsequently became Fort Diujuesne. In 
Washington's Journal, under date of 1753, we find this opinion recorded: "j^r 
a fort at the fork would be equally' well situated on the Ohio, and have entire 
command of the Monongahela, which runs up our settlement, and is extremely 
well designed for water carriage." 

Pittsburgh's development from a tiny settlement, harrassed by Indians, to the 
"Workshop of the World," has been marked, step by step, with the improvement 



-16- 



f^ 







Union Station. Pittsburgh 



of transportation facilities. Primitive methods of river transportation gradually 
evolved, into the towing of coal by steam in 1845, and the use of iron boats. The 
construction of dams and enormously expensive canals displayed the hunger of 
the community for continually improved transportation facilities which culmin- 
ated in the early introduction, in Pittsburgh, of the steam railroad. The history 
of railroad transportation, in so far as Pittsburgh is concerned, is in a measure 
the history of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. The first practical railroad 
to enter the city, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company has ever played an impor- 
tant part in developing the community and to-day is the chief agent in distributing 
the unequaled tonnage of the Pittsburgh district in the markets of the world. 

The Portage Railroad, built by the State, was begun in 1831, and consisted 
of a series of 10 inclines over the mountains between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, 
and 11 grade lines. It operated in conjunction with the Pennsylvania Canal, and 
the trip to Philadelphia was made in 3 days and 19 hours. After 20 years' oper- 
ation by the State, the railroad was taken over by the Pennsylvania Railroad 
Company and entirely graded. 

In 1851 the Pittsburgh & Ohio Railroad was completed to Beaver and the 
next year the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and the Pennsylvania Central lines were 
opened and work begun on the Pittsburgh & Cleveland, Pittsburgh & Steuben- 
ville, and Allegheny Valley lines. In 1857 the Pennsylvania Railroad purchased 
the Pennsylvania Canal for $7,500,000. 



A GREAT RAILROAD CENTER 79 

Improvements and extensions followed rapidly to keep pace with the indus- 
trial development of the district, and to-day, with an annual tonnage of about 
110,000,000 tons, many lines compete for this enormous business. Railroad lines 
now entering Pittsburgh are: Pennsylvania Company: Pennsylv?.nia Railroad 
Company; Baltimore & Ohio; Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh & 
Lake Erie; Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis; \\'abash & Pittsburgh 
Terminal, and their affiliated branches. The Lake Shore & Michigan Central and 
Erie have operating agreements with the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie. Facilities are 
such that about 30,000 cars can be handled daily in the Pittsburgh district. 

Of all the railroads entering Pittsburgh, the Pennsylvania is the largest and 
most firmly established. It has always been regarded as a Pittsburgh institution, 
and Pittsburghers have ever been active in its development — its present president, 
James McCrea, and several of his predecessors having been natives of Pitts- 
burgh. 

Pittsburgh is the center from which radiate the Eastern and Western lines 
of the Pennsylvania system which includes about 12,000 miles. The success of 
the company has been due largely to its far-sighted policy in incurring any ex- 
penditure for improvement which the development of any given territoiy war- 
ranted. Thus the recent stupendous undertaking in New York City. The con- 
tinued increase in industrial activity in the Pittsburgh district has been met by 
elaborate plans for improvement and in the past 5 years the company's outlay for 
construction to meet the increasing demands here has been between $25,000,000 
and $30,000,000. 

Pennsylvania Lines Entering- Pittsburgh 

The Pennsylvania lines entering Pittsburgh are : Pennsylvania Railroad 
from the East; Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago, from the West and North- 
west; Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis, from the AA^est and South- 
west ; Buffalo and Allegheny Valley, from the North ; Western Pennsylvania, 
from the Northeast, and Monongahela Division, from the East and Southeast. 

Between its own divisions the Pennsylvania has a daily interchange of 5,000 
cars and makes a daily delivery of 3,000, making a total of 8,000 cars daily. As 
shippers are given 48 hours to load and unload, the number of cars held daily 
is greatly in excess of the 8,000 total. In 1907 the Pittsburgh interchange of 
Pennsylvania cars amounted to 2,417,335. 

In recent years enormous expenditures have been made by the Pennsylvania 
system in establishing yards for the quick classification and distribution of freight. 
Another avenue for expenditure, and one adding greatly to the comfort and wel- 
fare of the community, was that of abolishing grade crossings. The erection of 
the double-track elevated structure along Duquesne Way from Union Station to 
the Point eliminated the most troublesome crossings and freed Liberty and Penn 
avenues from tracks and surface freight trains. The Fort Wayne tracks to Alle- 
gheny, which formerly crossed Penn and Liberty avenues at grade, now use a 
new, double-deck, four-track bridge. In Allegheny all grade crossings have also 
been eliminated by extensive and costly improvements. 

With the removal of surface tracks the entire freight-handling scheme at the 
Point has been changed. A most modern freight station has been erected and 
connected with the Duquesne Way elevated tracks and those leading to the 
Monongahela wharf. 

Of all single improvements the Brilliant Cut-Off stands out as the master 
stroke of modern scientific railroading. Though enormous in cost, it has diverted 
through traffic from Union Station and saved it incalculable time. It has meant 
more to through and local freight and commerce generally than other single im- 



8o A GREAT RAILROAD CENTER 

provement made in years. Not only does the cut-oil serve to keep freight away 
from the Union Station route, but accommodates passenger service over the Val- 
ley tracks. 

The Brinton "Y" corresponds on the south to the Brilliant Cut-Off on the 
north. It diverts traffic from the southwest from Union Station just as the 
Cut-Off diverts tratfic from the northwest. 

Many acres of "outer" and "inner" yards are maintained by the affiliated 
lines of the Pennsylvania system. The "outer" yards for the classification of 
through freight, and the "inner" for the quick distribution of local freight. Of 
these, the Conway yards are the largest, with 126 miles of trackage, and with a 
cajiacity of 11,000 cars. The yard is emptied of all cars every 19 hours. 

Late Costly Iiiiproveinents Here 

Among the costly improvements of the past five years in the interest of freer 
freight movement, has been the removal of the stock yards from the East End to 
Herr's Island. This brought the yards nearer the heart of the city and still apart 
from the city and out of the road of through and local transit — and yet the present 
site of the stock yards enjoys connections with all lines east or west. 

On the South Side marvelous changes, reflecting the genius of the greatest 
engineers, have been wrought. A four-track route runs east and west from the 
Ohio Connecting Bridge to Thomson, through a half dozen yards in connection 
with the mill business. A modern structure, adapted to heavy rolling stock, has 
replaced the old Monongahela River Bridge, and the Port Perry Bridge has been 
double-tracked. 

With a highly perfected system for separation of passenger and freight 
traffic — local and through freight — and quick distribution, the Pennsylvania sys- 
tem has made Pittsburgh, with its 110,000,000 annual tonnage, practically con- 
gestion-proof. 

Passenger traffic has received careful and considerate attention in the con- 
venient location of stations, comfortable and modern equipment and artistic con- 
struction, together with fast train service. Union Station, in the heart of the 
business district, is used by 40,000 passengers daily. Over 400 trans arrive and 
depart from Union Station daily, of which 16 leave daily for Philadelphia and 
New York; 8 for Baltimore and Washington; 12 for Chicago; 9 for Cleveland; 
7 to St. Louis ; 4 to Cincinnati ; 3 to Toledo, and 3 to Buffalo. 

A new station recently completed in Allegheny was erected at a cost of 
$375,000, and it is one of the most commodious and convenient suburban stations 
in the United States. The new East Liberty station is a model of suburban rail- 
road station construction, while scores of modern structures mark the stops on 
the Pennsylvania system within the Pittsburgh district. 

The Pittsburgh district — the most important producer of freight in the 
world — pays enormous revenues yearly to the railroads, and the railroads have 
been quick to show appreciation. None has been more fortunate in sharing the 
bounty of the district than the Pennsylvania system, and none has been more 
liberal in its effort to merit it. 



Western Penna. Humane Society 



A Staunch and Honored Institution, Devoted to the Pre- 
vention of Cruelty to Children, Aged Persons and Animals 

The stor}^ of Pittsburgh would be by no 
means complete without special mention of the 
Western Pennsylvania Humane Society, 
whose offices are located at 440-442 Sixth 
Avenue. The present officers of the society 
are: 

President, Joseph G. Walter; Vice Presi- 
dents, Mrs. Samuel McKee, J. Walter Hay, 
Mrs. H. Lee Mason, Col. A. P. Burchfield, 
H. L. Mason, Jr., Mrs. Henry Asthalter, 
William G. Johnston, Mrs. S. S. Carrier, Mrs. 
William Wallace, Mrs. Peter Young, James 
L. Marshall, S. L. Fleishman; Secretary, 
Miss Frances R. Henry; Treasurer, H. L. 
Mason, Jr, ; Trustees, H. Lee Mason, Joseph 
G. Walter; Board of Managers, Mrs. E. M. 
Butz, Mrs. Harvey Henderson, Mrs. H. F. 
Lynch, Mrs. A. M. A. Balph, William D. 
Thompson, George O. Morgan, Mrs. F. F. 
Nicola, Miss Mary F. Urling, William H. 
Black, Mrs. J. A. Lippincott, Mrs. Alexander 
King, Mrs. Ad. C. Groetzinger, Mrs. S. M. 
Hunnings, Mrs. PL L. Mason, Jr., August 
Loch, Henry H. Negley, Lawrence C. 
Woods, Hon. Samuel S. Mehard; Superinten- 




Cha.<?. a. Colton 

Society's First President 




dent, James S. Bell. 

Early in October, 1874, Edward M. Lad- 
ley, an agent of the Women's Branch of the 
Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of 
Cruelty to Animals, arrived in Pittsburgh, 
from Philadelphia, to look after the interests 
of the dumb brutes here, and, if possible, to 
interest citizens in the organization of a home 
society. Mr. Ladley found much cruelty prac- 
tised in this vicinity, and having entered a 
number of prosecutions, and the facts being 
published, attention of the public was attract- 
ed to the cause and the work everywhere 
commended 

At the instance of Mr. Ladley the then 
Mayor Hon. James Blackmore, called a public 
meeting for the evening of Thursday, Nov- 
ember 5, in the reception room of Municipal 
Hall to take into consideration the necessity 
of a society. Among those present were : Dr. 
A. G. Walter, Charles A. Colton, Joel Kerr, 
David Sutton, Dr. Robert Jennings, S. C. 
Hough, John S. Ritenour, James T. Simpson, 



Dr. a. G. Walters 
Chairman First Meeting 



82 



WEvSTERN PENNSYLVANIA HUMANE SOCIETY 




H. H. Byram, and Frank P. Case. Dr. A. G. 
Walter was called to the chair and reporters 
of the press were chosen secretaries. 

It was decided to call another meeting 
and invite ladies to attend and co-operate. The 
adjourned meeting was held November 10, 
and quite a number of ladies attended, among 
them being Mr. Samuel McKee, Mrs. William 
A. Herron, Mrs. Thomas A. Mellon and Mrs. 
T. A. Rowley. 

The Society then had six V^ice Presidents, 
but enlarged its work and officers until now it 
has twelve Vice Presidents and a Board of 
Managers of eighteen, a Secretary, Treasurer, 
Superintendent and five agents. The original 
purposes of this society were to provide ef- 
fective measures for the prevention of cruel- 
ty to children, aged persons and animals, with- 
in the counties of Western Pennsylvania ; to 
enforce all laws enacted by the Legislature or 
by Congress, for the protection of children, 
aged persons and animals, and to secure the 
arrest and punishment of all persons violating 

such laws. James S. Bell 

The object of the society now is to PRE- ®"P'- °^ ^sSieTof PennSltanfa^'^ Humane 

VENT, rather than PUNISH, cruelty and, in 

many cases, admonition, on the part of the 
Officer is sufficient. The opinion long pre- 
vailed that men could do with their own — 
whether child or animal — as they pleased, but 
a disposition to show kindness to a helpless 
child, or animal, is steadily spreading through- 
out the civilized world. 

Since the organization of the society, its 
officers have handled over twenty thousand 
cases of cruelty to children, involving more 
than forty-two thousand children, more than 
twenty-two hundred cases of cruelty to aged 
[ ersons, involving over that many aged per- 
sons, and over thirty-eight thousand cases of 
cruelty to animals, involving more than five 
hundred thousand animals. 

While this would indicate that people are 
becoming more cruel, the contrary is true as 
it is shown that they are growing more hu- 
mane, and are demanding arrests, or warn- 
ings, for cruelties that before passed unno- 
ticed. 

The fact that an ambulance, for the re- 
moval of sick, injured or disabled animals, 
was given to the society by the public at large, 
shows a confidence in the Society, which is 
both flattering and gratifying. Since this im- 




H. Lee JNIason, Jr. 
Treasurer of Society 



WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA HUMANE SOCIETY 



83 



portant feature has been added to the work, 
in 1901, the society has had fifteen hundred 
and seventy-nine calls for the service. Many 
valuable horses have been saved for their 
owners, much cruelty has been avoided, and 
the best interests of the community served. 

Through the efforts of James S. Bell, the 
Superintendent of the Western Pennsylvania 
Humane Society, the "Federated Humane So- 
cieties of Pennsylvania" was organized, in 
September, 1906, and much good is being ac- 
complished by the two in the state working 
together for the prevention of cruelty to child- 
ren, aged persons and animals. 

The Western Pennsylvania Humane So- 
ciety is often confounded with the Anti-Cru- 
elty Society, another Pittsburgh organization, 
having similar objects. This, however, should 
not be done, as the two societies are separate 
and distinct institutions. 




Chas. F. McKenna 
Society's Attorney 




Ambulance 



Religious Institutions and Beliefs 



The Greater City's Churches Sources of Much Histor- 
ical Interest. Millions of Dollars Invested in Church 
Properties 

Although Greater Pittsburgh has twenty or more rehgious denominations 
and behefs within its borders, the average visitor thinks mainly of the city's in- 
dustries, and is astonished to find this one of the most active church centers in 
the country. Millions of dollars are invested in local churches and church prop- 
erties, and there are more than 400 valuable edifices within the limits of what 
now comprises the greater city. Some of these congregations have histories ex- 
tending back to the time of Forts Pitt and Duquesne. Others were established 
from 1778 to 1887, while still others were organized later. Conservative clergy- 
men of the several denominations have estimated that there are at least 350,000 
church-goers in the city. This does not include the enrollment of the Sunday 
Schools, which are said to be the largest, according to the population, of any city 
in the country. With but few exceptions the Sunday Schools are graded. While 
the enrollment of the city schools alone cannot be given, the statistics of the 
Allegheny County Sabbath School Association shows the enrollment to be 174,- 
393. This includes 13,852 officers and teachers. 

In the history of the local churches, the Catholics come first, because they 
are more numerous than any other denomination. There are about 150,000 mem- 
bers in the 59 churches of the city. The Pittsburgh Diocese was established in 
1843, although records show that services were held in a building near Fort 
Duquesne as early as 1754. Very Rev. Michael O'Connor was the first Bishop 
of the diocese. The first congregation to be organized in the city was St. Pat- 
rick's, Seventeenth street, which was formerly located near where the Union 
station now stands. 

From the time the French evacuated Fort Duquesne, in 1758, there was no 
resident pastor of that faith in the city, until 1808, when Rev. William F. X. 
O'Brien began the erection of St. Patrick's church which was dedicated in 1811. 
The edifice was of brick, was 50 feet long and 30 feet wide. Rev. Bonaventure 
Maguire purchased the property at Fifth avenue and Grant street, and there the 
corner stone of the first St. Paul's Cathedral was laid, in June, 1829. The edifice 
was dedicated in May, 1834, and was destroyed by fire in 1851. The corner stone 
of the second Cathedral, which was torn down, in 1903, was laid in June, 1851, 
and the last Ma§s was celebrated May 10, 1903. This property was sold to H. C. 
Frick for $1,325,000. The money secured from the sale of the property was in- 
vested in the new St. Paul's Cathedral, located at Craig street and Fifth avenue, 
and which was consecrated October 24, 1907, at a cost of $1,250,000, in the pres- 
ence of prelates of the Church from all sections of the United States. 

Since the establishment of the first parish of this denomination the growth 
has been steady, and one of the largest orphan asylums in the State, St. Paul's, at 
Idlewild, is maintained by contributions of philanthropic Catholics, and by dona- 
tions in the churches throughout the diocese. Considerable money is contributed 
annually for mission purposes, and on October 15, 16 and 17 of last 3^ear, priests 
from all parts of the United States, Canada and m.any foreign countries attended 
the meeting of the first International Eucharisitc Congress, which held its sessions 



RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS AND BELIEFS 



85 



in Carnegie Music Hall to discuss matters of importance to the Church through- 
out the world. 

Presbyterians come next in order, as they have 50 or more churches located 
in Greater Pittsburgh, among them being some of the most beautiful structures 
in the State. There are few edifices anywhere which surpass the First Presby- 
terian church, on Sixth avnue, near Woo 1 street, while the Sixth, Third and East 
Liberty buildings are also pretty pieces of architecture. The last named church 
holds property valued at $1,500,000. In tlie Pittsburgh I'resbytery, which now 
comprises the former Allegheny Presbytery, there are 136 churches, 181 ministers, 
759 elders, 202 deacons and 41,036 communicant meiabers. 

The ground on which the First Presbyterian church is located was deeded 
to the congregation in 1787, by John Penn,' Jr., and John Penn. It includes the 
lot on which the McCreery store is located, this having been leased for a long 
term of years, at the expiration of which, the building reverts back to the con- 
gregation. The Shadyside Presbyterian church is one of the wealthiest congre- 
gations in the city. The Melrose Avenue congregation, Northside, was organized 
in 1778, and was' formerly known as the Bethel Presb3^terian church. The present 
structure was erected in 1852. 

Among the United Evangelical Protestant churches of the city the German 
Evangelical Protestant church, Smithfield street and Sixth avenue, comes first, 
as the ground and holdings of this congregation are valued at more than $1,500,- 
000, and occupy a quarter of a block in the center of the city. This property was 
ceeded to the organizers of the parish by the Penn heirs in 1787. The first church 
was erected in 1794, the second in 1814, the third in 1833 and the present structure 
in 1877. The congregation was organized in 1782, and celebrated its one hundred 
and twenty-fifth anniversary in August of 1907. 

Followers of the Protestant Episcopal church organized the Trinity Episco- 
pal congregation previous to 1787, but in that year John Penn, Jr., and John Penn 
deeded them a grant of land, adjoining that of the First Presbyterian congrega- 
tion, where the Trinity church now stands. Both of these grants were made on 
the same day. The congregation obtained its charter in 1805, but the Pittsburgh 
Diocese was not established until 1866. Many improvements have been made to 




Highland Presbyterian Church 



86 RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS AND BELIEFS 

the church property since that time, and in 1907, Calvary church was dedicated 
at a cost of more than $500,000. 

The first Methodist Episcopal services were held in Fort Pitt, in 1796, by 
John Wrenshall, who came here from England and located at Market street and 
Fourth avenue. Peter Shiras was then in charge of the barracks at Fort Pitt. 
Pie invited Wrenshall to preach, and Shiras was made the first class-meeting 
leader. Later the Smithfield Street congregation was organized. It was known 
as "Old Brimstone." The first church was erected on First avenue, near Smith- 
field street, in 1810. Bishop Asbury preached on the foundation in August of 
that year. In 1817, three lots were purchased at Smithfield street and Seventh 
avenue, where the present structure stands, and a new church was erected in 
1818. The present edifice was built in 1848. 

One of the leading denominations of this section is the L^nited Presbyterian 
Church of North America, which is a part of the Presbyterian body, except that 
the former sing Psalms at all services. This denomination was organized in Old 
City Hall, Market street, May 6, 1858, through the union of the Associate and 
the Associate Reformed churches. Rev. Dr. John T. Pressly, of the Northside, 
was chosen first moderator of the body. The fiftieth anniversary of this union 
was celebrated in Exposition Music hall, in May, of this year, with thousands of 
persons present. 

At the time of the union the two denominations had 55,547 followers, while 
now they number 153,956. The church is one of the most active in foreign and 
home mission work in the country. Tliere are 35 churches in the city. 

Lutherans invaded the city in 1837, and, on January 17, of that year, the 
first English Lutheran congregation, now located on Grant street, was organized. 
The German Lutherans came later and the Pittsburgh Synod was established in 
1843. There are now 41 Evangelical Lutheran churches in Greater Pittsburgh. 

Methodist Protestant churches, also, hold a place in the history of the city, 
although there are only seven churches here. This denomination was organized 
by a number of ministers who were expelled from the Methodist Episcopal 
church, and the First church, located at Aiken avenue and Howe streets, was a 
branch from the Smithfield Street Methodist Episcopal church. This movement 
was started in 1824, but the denomination was not organized until 1827. A 
charter was secured March 5, 1828,- and adopted August 4, 1828. The quadren- 
nial sesison of the General Conference of the denomination was held in the First 
church in May of this year. 

Baptists held their first services in the city about 1812, when what is now 
the Fourth Avenue congregation was organized. In 1870 the L^nion Baptist 
church and the First church united, forming the Fourth Avenue Baptist church. 
There are now 36 churches with about 4,446 members in Greater Pittsburgh. 

The Disciples of Christ, which are known as the Christian denomination, 
were started by Thomas Campbell, in Washington county, in 1809. That year. 
Dr. Campbell came to Pittsburgh, and the First Christian church, Northside, was 
organized. Thus, the denomination was practically started here. There are 10 
churches in the city and preparations are well under way for the celebration of 
the centennial of the organization of the denomination, to take place in Pittsburgh 
in October, 1909. 

While Jewish services were held in the aty previous to 1865, the first con- 
gregation was not established until that time. The Tree of Life congregation was 
organized and the first place of meeting was a hall on Smithfield street. Later a 
synagogue was erected at Fourth avenue and Ross street, and a new $100,000 
edifice was consecrated in March, 1907. PVom this congregation the Rodeph 
Shalom congregation of reformed Jews, which has a $400,000 edifice on Fifth 
avenue, was organized. There are now 10 congregations in the citv. 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 87 

Aside from the general work of the churcheS; thousands of doHars are con- 
tributed by church members of Greater Pittsburgh annually for home and foreign 
mission work. This does not include what is iised in crcy mission work ainong 
foreigners in the city and in Allegheny county. Alany of the congregations of 
the several denominations maintain from one to tlii"oe missionaries in the foreign 
field, and others the same number in the home field while stiH others keei) one or 
two in each field. 

Missionaries from all parts of the world representing all Protestant denom- 
inations, gathered in the Exposition iVlLisic liall here, March IC. 11 and 12, of tliis 
year, to attend the first International Missionary Convention, which was for the 
purpose of increasing interest in home and foreign mission work. Kxhibits Vv'ere 
shown from mission fields in all parts of the world, and many addresses were 
delivered in the interest of mission work. Thousands of persons attended the 
sessions. Large quantities of religious tracts and Bibles are distributed among 
foreigners, of Allegheny county, each year, by representatives of the Young 
Men's Bible Society of Allegheny County. 



Pittsburgh's Theatres 



City's Splendidly Equipped Places of Amusement Ex- 
emplify Marvelous Municipal Progress. RevieAV of 
the Old-time Playhouses 

In nothing is there greater contrasts than in the theater of to-day and that 
of yesterday. Pittsburgh is unusually fortunate in its splendid houses and the 
manner of their management, the strict censorship that is exercised on the behalf 
of public morals and the safety which is assured the thousands that pour into 
the central section of the city nightly to be amused. Every year finds more 
recognition for this city as a theatrical center, and while perhaps even greater 
things will come in the future, the present would amaze some of the pioneers in 
theatricals if it were possible for them to see the development that has come 
with the Sesqui-Centennial. For, in the early days the theater in Pittsburgh did 
not have easy sailing. 

At the beginning of Pittsburgh's theatrical history the amateur was in the 
ascendant, performances being given in a large room in the court house. Taverns, 
too, served as theaters. Some of the old playbills are amusing. It is found that 
Mr. Turner announces that his company, of which his wife is the star, will give 
"King Lear," followed by comic songs by Mr. Morgan, in turn followed by 
"Inkle and Yarico, or Love in a Cage." This again is to be followed by an address, 
and although the curtain is to rise at 6:45 o'clock, one cannot help but wonder 
at what time the entrain went down for the last time that evening. 

A theatrical epoch came with the opening of the "Old Drury," in 1833, at 
what is now Nos. 306 and 310 Fifth avenue. The interior of this house was 
spoken of as a wonder of beauty, according to the standards of that time. 

As late as 1860 there were but two theaters. The Pittsburgh Opera House 
was built in 1871, and then the other theaters followed at intervals. 

It seems strange to think that it w:as necessary to form a society here in 
1817, to overcome the prejudice against the theater. The throngs that pass into 
the splendid houses of amusement show that now this prejudice has been re- 
moved, largely through the efiforts of the Pittsburgh managers to eradicate any- 
thing that might, in the least, give offense. 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 



The Grand 

On the continent of Europe theaters are institutional. In England, except 
in some of the provincial cities, the)' ]^artake less of the institutional character. 
In America the theaters that are entitled o this distinction — and there is no dis- 
tinction more to be prized — may be counted on the fingers of one hand. 

In Pittsburgh there is only one play house qualified for this class. Decora- 
tion, attractions, exploitation, the social distinction of audiences — these are no 
more the elements of institutional character than are location and size. For the 
elements which confer that distinction to which all theaters aspire, but which few 
attain, one must go back of and beyond these things. 

The audiences at an institutional theater are of the whole people, just as 
the theater is for all the people, and more. They are of people who genuinely 
seek pastime, who desire to be pleased and entertained. This class is the bulwark 
of America. And, underlying all of this, in the case of the institutional theater. 
is the affection the people have for the house. 

Now, where is the theater in Greater Pittsburgh that can comply with ;l:ese 
conditions? The Grand Opera House is the only theater in Pittsburgh tliat is 
institutional ; one of the five or six in America entitled to this distinction. 

The Grand stands in the place where the people pass to and fro on business 
an dpleasure bent. It is next door neighbor to the most substantial business in- 
terests in Pittsburgh. 
Stand in the lobby and 
watch the crowd pour 
in. Crowd is a word 
used advisedly. We 
see fathers and moth- 
ers, with their chil- 
dren. Lovers with 
their sweethearts. A 
gay party of strong, 
verile young men. A 
company of girls, hat- 
less, laughing and 
chattering like girls 
will. Flowing along 
with this stream in no 
inconsiderable num- 
bers, men of large 
wealth and high sta- 
tion, men who love 
the Grand from asso- 
ciation, just as do their 
fellows in other walks 
of Hfe. 

The ticket seller 
turns from the win- 
dow. On the wall is 
a case crammed full of 
little cubby-holes, each 
one labeled alphabet- 
ically. He opens a 
drawer, and passes 
two, three, maybe four 
or five tickets to yon- 




The Grand 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 89 

der dignified, substantial man of affairs. What does it mean? Just remember 
you are reading about an institutional theater, will you ; and then know that at 
the Grand scores upon scores of people reserve their seats at the beginning of the 
season for the year. 

In the clientele of an institutional theater are scores of persons who go 
regularly each week. They go on the same afternoon or evening. They occupy 
the same seats. And, so at the beginning of each year, these patrons subscribe, 
designating section, row and number. There is no prepayment, extra charge or 
forfeiture. When the ticket seller places the tickets in the board each morning, 
he distributes these subscriptions. 

But the stream still flows by the window. Men from the stores and fac- 
tories, young men from desks and offices — all manner of men and women of 
fresh, wholesome complexion. 

Nor can you find anywhere a more decorous, more pleasing crowd. Here 
gathers the brain, the brawn, the wealth, the refinement and th ^Trtue of the city, 
the typical best of American institutionalism, in theaters as in government and 
all things else with which the people concern themselves. 

What manner of attractions are offered at the Grand? Every sort the play- 
goer demands. Comedy, farce, pantomime, musical comedy, comic opera, ex- 
travaganza, spectacular and legitimate drama and all go on and off the Grand 
stage in that most delectable form of amusement called continuous vaudeville — 
continuous from 1:30 to 10:45 P. M., each day. 

The attractions are selected for the people. No booking agent sits in New 
York and arbitrarily decides what the patrons shall or shall not see and hear. The 
management books through the United Booking Office of America, and makes its 
selections to please, and offers them at popular prices. 

And what is the management? Broad liberal and intelligent. These terms 
are synonymous with the name of Harry Davis. Here is a case where the indi- 
viduality of the management has not been extinguished, and where it counts for 
something. It is reflected in the very atmosphere of the place. 

That it stays close to the heart of all the people needs little demonstration. 
The attractions it offers prove this in the first instance. Its studious efforts for 
the comfort and convenience of patrons prove it again. It has been repeatedly 
demonstrated. 

The management, being for the people, is responsive to every chord of the 
people's wishes, needs or requirements. 

Institutional theaters are rare, indeed, but the Grand is essentially entitled 
to this distinction. 

Tlie Alvin and the Bijou 

Popular playhouses are judged by the audiences that attend them, and the 
plays they offer. With these things to judge from, The Alvin and The Bijou 
iDoth can take their place at the front rank of this class of theaters. That they are 
in this position is due, almost entirely to the efforts of Mr. R. M. Gulick, who 
has control of both places, and than whom there is no better known manager or 
theatrical man in Pittsburgh, or the whole country, in truth. 

Mr. Gulick is the veteran manager of Pittsburgh, and of the State. For a 
quarter of a century, almost, has he witnessed the passing show as it drifted 
across the stage of the world, and has had his part — no inconsiderable one — in 
the shaping of the destinies of the theater in the city he calls his home, Pittsburgh. 

Mr. Gulick came to Pittsburgh twenty-two or more years ago in the capacity 
of a traveling salesman. In a short time after coming here he became interested 



90 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 



with George Schabet, in the proprietorsliip of the Museum, which stood on the 
site now occupied by the Bijou Theater building, facing the street. During the 
following winter the firm acquired and operated the old Library Hall. 

Within a few years Mr. Schabet sold out his interests to the late H. M. Ben- 
nett, and the new firm secured control of theaters in New York, Boston and 
Brooklyn. After a season or two the Eastern theaters were disposed of and the 
firm devoted its attention entirely to Library Hall, which was renamed the Bijou 
Theater. This business arrangement continued until the death of Mr. Bennett, 
eight years ago, when the late A/[r. P. J. McNulty purchased the Bennett interests! 
Control of the Duquesne theater was acquired and it was operated for one 
year. With only the Bijou theater under its control, the firm continued until 
about four years ago, when the Alvin was secured, and has been under the control 

of the firm until the 
present time, the popu- 
larity of both houses 
having increased be- 
cause of the very liberal 
provisions for enter- 
tainment afiforded the 
public by Mr. Gulick, 
who was in active 
charge of the two 
houses. 

Mr. McNulty died 
last December, and 
since that time Mr. 
Gulick has been in sole 
charge of the business 
of R. M. Gulick & Co. 
Six years ago the Bijou 
theater was remodeled, 
and made a £:round- 
floor playhouse, with 
the second largest seat- 
ing capacity of the the- 
aters of the United 
States, and has fully 
iustified the expecta- 
tions of its owners in 
making the change. 

The firm of R. M. 

Gulick & Co., of which 

Mr. Gulick is the head, 

is pne of the wealthiest theatrical firms in the country, and spares no means or 

pains to please the patrons of its two houses. 




R. M. Gulick 



Blaney's Theatre 

Among Pittsburgh theaters, none is more popular, or better fitted to give 
its patrons the best there is on the boards to-day than is Blaney's Empire Theater, 
in Collins avenue, near Penn avenue, East End. 

The Messrs. Stair & Haviland, who are the lessees and managers of the 
popular playhouse, secured control of it about a year ago, and have constantly 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 



91 



striven to add to the attractiveness of the theater, as well as to give their patrons 
the best popular priced attractions of the day. Always popular since its con- 
struction a decade ago, the playhouse has added new laurels in the way of pop- 
ularity in the year or more that Messrs. Stair & Haviland have had charge of its 
productions, and the fact that they have been able to secure it and make it a syn- 
dicate house has manifolded the opportunities for the patrons to witness the 
cream of the popular musical comedies and dramas .of the day. 

There is no better test of a theater's popularity than its patronage, and the 
fact that the Blaney's Empire has played to a constantly increasing clientele 
demonstrates beyond a doubt that the name of popular playhouse is not a mis- 
nomer. Under the resident management of Mr. J. H. Zimmerman, the East End 
playhouse this season promises to eclipse anything it has yet done in the_ way of 
attendance, and the high class of attractions to be ottered its patrons will make 
for this happy result. 

When the Empire was built, it was with the idea of giving to the people of 
the East End a playhouse where they could go for an evening of entertainment 
without the necessity of the long trip to the down-town section of the city. The 




Stage Scene, Blaney's Theatre 



success attained has justified the hopes of the projector of the .house, for week 
after week it has had record-breaking audiences and has held its own against 
the higher-priced theaters in such a way as to justify the lessees in continuing 
the line of entertainment offered the patrons during the past. 

As an instance of the effort of the management to please its patrons and 
give them the best that is to be had, the mention of a few of the coming stars 
will suffice, among them being Lottie Williams, who will appear in an entirely 
new play; Cecil Spooner, who last year made such a favorable impression, and 
who comes this year in a new production, and Allan Doone, also in a new play. 
Another new offering, which will come to the popular house in the near future, 
and which shows the class of musical comedies and dramas produced, is "Ninety 



92 PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 

and Nine," considered one of the highest-class, best-staged and best-costumed 
popular-priced attraction of the day. 

The Academy 

Pittsburgh's oldest and most widely known amusement place, the Acad- 
emy of Music, will be one of the landmarks of interest during the Sesqui-Cen- 
tennial. Probably few theatres in America to-day has more historic features 
connected with it than the old revered Academy. The Academy has seen all 
Pittsburgh's other theatres come and go but it is still doing business at the old 
stand, where Harry Williams took hold in 1864-65. At that time and until his 
death four years ago Mr. Williams was one of the best known men in the the- 
atrical world. Harry Williams himself was an actor of the old school and in 
his time played many parts. His wife was also an actress but retired from the 
stage many years ago and still resides in Allegheny. 

Harry Williams was manager of Trimbles Variety Theatre, after coming 
to Pittsburgh, and he left that house in 1864 to go in business for himself and 
called his new theatre the Academy of Music. Mr. AVilliams remained in ac- 
tive managefnent of the Academy until his death. The theatre is now owned 
by the Williams estate and is successfully managed by Harry Williams, who 
is as popular in the theatrical world as was his father before him. 

In the early days of the Academy the elder Williams did all his own book- 
ing personally. He would engage a sketch team in New York, Boston or Bal- 
timore or anywhere they might be playing in the East for certain dates at the 
Academy. If he got the team he wanted then he would look up another team 
and so on until he got enough people to fill his program for the week. Mr. 
Williams organized a stock company in the early days that was a popular un- 
dertaking in its time. 

Mr. Williams practically spent the entire part of his professional career 
as owner and manager of the Academy, though he leased the Duquesne Thea- 
tre several years ago and was the first to introduce what is now known as 
vaudeville. He engaged some of the celebrated, stars, paying what was then 
fabulous prices for his talent, among others being the well-known singer, Jesse 
Bartlett Davis. Williams later gave up the Duquesne and devoted all of his 
time to the Academy. 

As owner of the Academy, Mr. Williams was a stickler for propriety at all 
times. An actor, or actress, either, had to conduct himself or herself along 
straight lines or they would hear from him in double quick time. He liked 
good comedy and farce as well as anybody but it had to be legitimate. There 
was one well-known comedian who couldn't play in Pittsburgh at all for the 
reason he was barred at the Academy, having brought the displeasure of the 
owner on his head through a bad break on the stage. 

In passing" it might be stated that scores of the celebrities of the stage have 
entertained at the Academy, and many of the people that they entertained are 
still patrons of the house. Some of the celebrities who entertained the old- 
timers were : May Ten Broeck and John Henshaw, Press Eledredge, Maggie 
Cline, Barlow Bros., John T. Kelly, "The Rolling Mill Man" ; Duke School- 
craft, Tony Pastor, Niles and Evans, Evans and Hoey, Delehanty and Hughes, 
Bobby Manchester, Flora Moore, Ida Simmons, Pauline Batchelor, Pete 
Dailey, Weber and Fields, Montgomery and Stone, Harry and John Kernell, 
Johnny and Emma Ray, Clarice Vance, Mclntyre and Heath, Topack and 
Steele, Helen Mora, Sam Bernard, Billy Clififord, Lew Dockstaded, Pat Roon- 
ey, Joe J. Sullivan, Kitty Rooney, Flo and May Irwin, Kitty O'Neil, Bobby 



PITTSBURGH'S THEATRES 



93 



Gaylor, Bobby Newcomb, Billy Barry, the Nelson family, the Byrnes Bros, 
with the "Eig-ht Bells," and others. Probably one of the best known teams of 
their time was the "American Four," Pete Dailey, Pettingill, Gale and "Old 
Ross" Hoey. Gus Hill is another old-timer Avho used to swing clubs at the 
Academy and who now has a show of his own. 

The shows appearing at the Acedemy at present are good and are as en- 
tertaining as were those of the past. The Academy has a steady patronage all 
the time, playing the best shows in the burlesque field. 

The Gayety 

Theatrically, Pittsburgh enjoys the reputation of being one of the best 
"show tows" in the United States,^ and the distinction of having the finest Bur- 
lesque and Vaudeville theaters in the world— the Gayety. The Gayety is not 
only the finest theater in the world devoted to burlesque and vaudeville, but it is 
also the largest. The character of entertainment offered the patrons is in keep- 
ing with the facts above, set forth. The performances are high-class and refined 
offerings along the lines of Hght or comic opera and musical comedy. 

The Gayety has made wonderful strides in the commendable effort to elevate 
burlesque, and has succeeded in lifting it from the rut it so long occupied. To- 
day hundreds of women and children are 
among the most enthusiastic of the Gayety's 
large and rapidly-growing clientele. The 
management has proven to the satisfaction 
of the theater-goers of Greater Pittsburgh 
that it will insist on the productions being 
presented in a wholesome and refreshing 
manner. 

Of course, to eliminate spice entirely 
Vv'ould spoil any theatrical performance, 
but the spice in the Gayety shows is not of 
an offensive tone. 

In addition to the splendid burlesque 
and musical travesties, the program always 
contains a long list of special vaudeville 
that the management has given Gayety 
patrons numerous opportunities to see 
many of the greatest European novelties 
long before these had ben presented on any 
other stage in this country. 

A matinee is held every afternoon, 
when special pains are taken to cater to 
women and children. These matinees have 
grown in popularity and it is not uncommon 
nor unusual to find the large thenter fdled 
with members of the fair sex. Women representing Pittsburgh's best element of 
society are among the Gayety's regular patrons. 

Strangers in Pittsburgh attend the Gayety in large numbers, for it is a fact 
well known that the shows are always good, and that a pleasant afternoon or 
evening may be spent there at small expense. 




The Gayety 



The City Councils 



Leg-islfttive Bodies of Pittsbixrji-h and Alleg-heny 
United with the Consolidation of the Municipal- 
ities. Brief Sketches of Prominent Members 



As now constituted the aggregate membership of Pittsburgh Councils is as 
large, if not larger, than any other municipal-governing body in the world It is 
156. The Select branch has 59 members, and the Common Council 97. The large 
membership was caused by the consolidation of the cities of Pittsburgh and Alle- 
gheny, each municipality retaining its representation in councils until the matter 
of redistricting the greater city has been accomplished. The old section of Pitts- 
burgh, with its recently acquired territory south of the Allegheny river, is repre- 
sented by 44 members in the Select branch, and 57 in Common Council. Alle- 
gheny has 15 members in Select Council and 40 in Common. It is proposed to 
divide the enlarged city into twenty-seven wards, twenty of which shall be located 
south ,and seven north of the Allegheny river. Select Council will then have a 
member from each ward, while the Common branch will be apportioned as to ' 
population. The matter of dividing the city into wards and redistricting each is 
now in the courts. 

The early history of the councilmanic bodies of Pittsburgh and Allegheny 
has been outlined in the historic data furnished elsewhere in this volume. There- 
fore, the present membership is only considered here. Dr. E. R. Walters is pres- 
ident of the Select branch and William Brand that of Common Council. Edward 
J. Martin is clerk of Select Council, and Robert Clark holds that position in Com- 
mon Council. 

President Walters is from the Twentieth 
ward, his home being at Shady avenue and 
Alder street. He is a physician of hig stand- 
ing and large practice, and stands high socially 
as well as professionally. An enthusiastic 
Pittsburgher, Dr. Walters believes in the fu- 
ture of the community, and it was largely for 
this reason that he was elected to Councils and 
made its presiding officer. He is a Republican, 
an earnest supporter of his party, and prom- 
inently connected with its organization. He 
is strongly urged to become a candidate for 
mayor of the Greater City at the next munici- 
pal election. His chances for election are now 
considered excellent. 

William Brand, the president of Common 
Council, is a product of old Allegheny, having 
been born there November 21, 1856. He at- 
tended the Third ward schools until nine years 
of age, when he went to work in the Banner 
cotton mill as a dauphin-boy. He worked at 
bookbinding, as errand boy, and various other 




Dr. E. R. Walters 
President of Select Council 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



95 




jobs until 1872, when he started to learn the 
trade of roll-turner at the works of Bailey, 
Young & Company, now the Seaman-Sleeth 
Company. He worked there for 31 years, for 
a time having charge of the plant. Six years 
ago he began working at Brown & Company's 
Tenth street mills as a roll-turner, which po- 
sition he still holds. Mr. Brand is married, 
has a daughter and two sons, and represents 
the Seventh ward in Councils, having so 
served consecutively for the past six years. 
He also served a term in Allegheny Common 
Council, twenty-five years ago, having retired 
from that body when he moved to Pittsburgh 
in 1886. Mr. Brand is a Republican, much in- 
terested in the success of his party, and true 
to his convictions and his constituents. 



Wm. Brand 
President Common Council 

Morris Einstein, one of the leading 
business men and a prominent politician of 
the North Side, was born in the Fourth 
ward, on Lacock street, June IS, 1866. He 
is the young-est son of Leopold and Mathilda 
(Loefller) Einstein, both deceased. He was 
educated in the Fourth Ward public school, 
and when 14 years old began as a clerk in 
the drug store of the late Peter Walter, Jr., 
at Chestnut and Liberty street. At the age 
of 19 he opened the Lion Drug Store, at 
East and Mill streets, which he operated for 
a number of years. Mr. Einstein is a Re- 
publican and has always taken an active part 
in politics. Pie enjoys the distinction of 
having been the oldest member in continuous 
service in old Allegheny Select Council. He 
has served as a member of several State 
conventions, is shrewd in both business and 
politics, genial and kind hearted, and enjoys 
as many warm friends as any man in the 
city. In 1900 he became manager of the 
Pennsylvania Light and Power Company, 
with offices in West Ohio street. He is a 
member of the Americus Club, the Kennil- 

worth Club, the Allegheny. City Gymnastic Club and other clubs. He is also a 
trustee in the Pittsburgh College of Pharmacy. 

Francis John Torrance, who was born in the Third Ward, Allegheny, June 
27, 1859, and educated in local schools, the Western LTniversity of Pennsylvania 




MOERIS ElKSTEIN 




Francis John Torrance 

and the Newell Institute, has attained a commanding position in the business 
world through years of self sacrifice to enterprise and pride in doing every- 
thing well He was born of Scotch-Irish parentage, his father, Francis Tor- 
rance, having been one of the earliest and best known business men of Allegheny 
county, who came to this country from the north of Ireland and located here 
when 30 years of age. The elder Air. Torrance was well provided with money 
when he came here and at once took a leading part in the dvelopment of this 
section. He was one of the founders of and was president of the Standard 
Manufacturing Company, and for over 30 years was manager of the Schenley 
estate. He was a member of councils and also of the school board. He died in 
1886, then 70 years old. His son resembled the father in most things, and cer- 
tainly in business acumen. After completing his college education he entered 
his father's office as a clerk, and soon was superintendent of the company of 
which his father was president. At the death of his father he was made gen- 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



97 



eral manager and treasurer, and later, when it was changed to the wStaiidard San- 
itary Manufacturing Company, with branch offices in every city of importance 
in the United States, the subject of this sketch was made first vice president of 
the new company with offices in the Arrott building, which have since been estab- 
lishd in the Bessemer building. 

In November 1884 Mr. Torrance married Miss Mary Dibert, daughter of 
David and Lydia (Griffith) Dibert, of Johnstown, Pa., and one child a daughter 
Jane,^resuhed from this union. Alike in simplicity and earnestness Mr. Tor- 
rance's home life has always been an example of rarely found compatibility, 
and few men have risen to the successful and commanding position in life 
at sp early an age. In addition to being first vice president of the Standard 
Sanitary Manufacturing Company he is officer and director in a score of bank- 
ing, mercantile and manufacturing companies in Pittsburgh. He .is a member of 
the Americus Club and was its president for two years. He is a member of the 
Duquesne Club, the Press Club, and of the Fulton Club, New York City; also 
of the Strollers' and Pennsylvania Society of that city. He was appointed by 
Governor Hastings in 1895 a commissioner of public charities of Pennsylvania 
and was elected president of the State Board of Charities in 1901. He is a 
staunch Republican and has been prominently mentioned as a possible candidate 
for Governor and also for the United States Senate. 

Mr. Torrance is one of the most widely known and respected citizens of 
Western Pennsylvania. With his immense business interests, his connection 
with public institutions and his prominence in the politics of his party, his name 
is familiar to a host of friends in nearly every part of the United States, and 
if he so aspired he could have any position at the gift of his admiring friends. 

John W. Robinson who 
was born in Allegheny, in 
1854, was largely helpful in 
bringing to a successful end 
the efforts to consolidate the 
two cities. He is a Demo- 
crat and an earnest party 
man, and during his life has 
held many positions of trust 
and honor. While a member 
of select council he was an 
intelligent and conscientous 
advocate of his constituents. 
He is an earnest, affable and 
corteous gentleman, always 
true to his friends whom he 
counts by the thousand. He 
attended the Allegheny 
fourth ward public schools 
and later spent two years at 
the Western University .of 
Pennsylvania, finally gradu- 
ating from the Military Ac- 
ademy, of Chester, Pa., with 
the degree of civil engineer. 
For about 20 years he was 
employed by the Pittsburgh 
& Western Railroad Com- 




JoHN W. Robinson 



98 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



pany in various capacities. Mr. Robinson's time is now largely occupied in at- 
tending- to many private business interests as well as his large banking affairs, 
being a director and stock owner in several of the leading banking institutions 
of this city. 

It would require 
a volume iiiany times 
larger than this to 
give justice to the bi- 
ography of Wiliam 
J. Burke whose very 
excellent portrait ac- 
com panics this 
sketch. Therefore, 
only a brief outline 
can here be present- 
ed. In every sense of 
the word. Air. Burke 
is a self-made man. 
He has achieved 
much, but only 
through his own per- 
sonal worth and merit. 
Courageous to a 
marked degree, h e 
has surmounted dif- 
ficulties that would 
have made a less 
dauntless man retreat 
in despair. But he 
came of strong, stur- 
dy stock, his ancesters 
having possessed the 
admirable traits that 
are being handed 
down to posterity 
through him. 

Mr. Burke was 
born in Jefferson 
County, Pa., near 
Reynoldsville in 1862. 
He got little schooling 
having had to begin 
doing a man's labor 
for existence at the 
age of fourteen. However, this did not prevent him from securing a big share 
— a mighty big share, too, of the knowledge of the world at large, that has come 
in good stead to him. In 1876 he began his remarkable career as a section 
hand on the Low Grade Division of the Allegheny Valley Railroad. So well 
did he do his work there that, two years later, he was made a brakeman on the 
road, and in due time was promoted to the position of conductor, in which of- 
fice he made a record that is to this day unsurpassed. He continued in the 
business of railroading for over twenty years, and is now Chairman of the 
General Committee of Adjustment of the Order of Railway Conductors of the 
Baltimore & Ohio system. 




William J. Burke 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



99 



William J. Burke is the friend of labor. Everybody knows that. He is 
a natural leader of men, and as such, his influence is felt effectively both in busi- 
ness and in politics. Always keenly alive when a political campaign is going 
on, the side he is for almost invariably comes out victorious. Twice elected to 
represent the Second Ward, North Side, in Common Council, he is being boomed 
for the Select branch from his new ward, and is, also, strongly urged to become 
a candidate for Mayor of the Greater City. 

Mr. Burke is largely interested in the gas and oil business, being the head 
of the Mars Oil & Gas Company, and the Ann Oil Company. He is also at 
the head of the Pittsburgh Oxaca Mining Company. All of these institu- 
tions are successful, and prominent in the business world. In short, William 
J. Burke is a success, a genial, big-hearted man, and when he is your friend, 
you can count on him first, last and all the time. 

Mr. Burke is married, and has a bright and interesting family of three 
daughters and two sons. He lives at 1213 Resaca Place, North Side, but spends 
most of the summer months at his magnificent country-seat, near Callery, Butler 
County, Pa. 

Amongthe 
most active Com- 
m o n Councilmen 
from the North 
Side is John M. 
Orr, of the Fifth 
Ward. Always 
awake to the inter- 
ests of his constitu- 
ents, he is especially 
attentive now to the 
question of pure 
water. It is large- 
ly through his ef- 
forts that inquiry is 
being made as to 
the alleged use of 
defective materials 
in the construction 
of the filtration 
plant. Mr. Orr was 
born, January 22, 
1863, in the First 
Ward, Allegheny. 
When eight years 
old, he moved to 
the Fifth Ward and 
has lived there ever 
since. He was edu- 
cated in the public 
schools, and is a 
general contractor. 
In 1892, he married 
Miss Alice Doak, of 
Washington, P a., 

and to the union have been born two sons. The family resides at 1246 Ridge 
Avenue. 




John M. Orr 



100 



THE CITY COUNCILS 




John S. Miller, vice president of the firm 
of Thomas & Company, furniture dealers, 
East Ohio street. North Side, is a representa- 
tive of Common Council, from the Second 
ward, Allegheny. He was born on Mt. 
Washington, March 18, 1863, and moved to 
the North Side in 1870. His education was 
obtained in the Second Ward public schools 
there. In 1878 he entered the cigar business 
with William Haworth , then worked for 
eight years at Armstrong's cork factory. He 
then entered the employ of Thomas & Com- 
pany, and has risen to be the firm's vice pres- 
ident. He has served two terms in Councils, 
is a member of the Junior Order United 
American Mechanics, is a Mason and an 
Eastern Star. Mr. Miller is a conservative, 
practical man, and deserves re-election to 
Councils. 



John S. Miller 

George I. Rudolph, whose great grand- 
father was one of the first settlers in Pitts- 
burgh — coming here during the time of the 
English and French supremacy on this con- 
tinent — was born July 11, 1850, in the old 
first ward of former Allegheny, now the fifth 
ward of Greater Pittsburgh. During his life 
he has held many positions of trust in both 
military and civil life, always with credit. He 
served three terms in Allegheny council 
from the fifth ward, was employed over 20 
years by Lindsay & McCutcheon ; was depu- 
ty sheriff under Sherifif Alex. JE. McCand- 
less, deputy collector of internal revenue for 
five years, has been factory inspector for 12 
years and served during the Civil war with 
honor and won distinction with Company 
G, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers. 

His great grandfather, coming here about 
the middle of the Eighteenth century, set- 
tled on a plot of ground now bounded by 

Wood street, Fifth avenue, Market street and Diamond street. This property 
remained in the possession of the family for a great many years. Like his 
forefathers Mr. Rudolph has been a man distinctly popular throughout life. 
On Christmas day, 1878, he was married to Miss Annie E. Hoard of Hoard 
Station, W. Va., and from that union was born the following children : Aaron 
H., Dr. F. W., Clyde A., Reese E., George I., Jr., Sarah H. and Walter P. M. 
Mr. Rudolph is a member of Abe Patterson Post No. 88, Grand Army of the 
Republic, and a Past Commander and a member of the National Commander's 




George I. Rudolph 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



101 



staff. He is also a member of Lodge No. 525, F. and A. M., a charter member 
of Lodge No. 339, B. P. O. Elks, Junior Order United American Mechanics, 
and the United Labor League. 



Jacob Soffel, one of the princicpal lead- 
ers in Common Council, was born on Mt. 
Washington, September 29, 1868, and educat- 
ed in the public schools and at Duff's Coll- 
ege. From 1891 to 1896 he was engaged in 
the produce business in the firm of Wilbert 
& Soffel. He then went into the City Treas- 
urer's office where he had charge of the gen- 
eral improvement collections. In April, 1902, 
he went into the plumbing business with the 
firm of the George H. Soffel Company. The 
offices of the firm are at 425 Second avenue. 
He was married in 1898, and resides in 
Prospect street. He has one child. Mr. 
Soffel was elected to Common Council from 
the Thirty-second ward in 1902, and has since 
served in that capacity with honor and fidel- 
ity. He is chairman of the Committee on 
Public Works and that of the Sub-Finance 
Committee on Appropriations. He is a can- 
didate for Select Council from the new Nine- 
teenth ward. 




Jacob Soffel 



Captain John F. Klein, councilman of 
the First Ward, Pittsburgh, finds his forte 
in river life and is growing wealthy as an 
excursion boat owner. The smallest captain 
alive, he is the father of twins, and wears a 
nine-carat diamond as guarantee of good 
faith. There are few men identified with river 
interests who have had a more varied ex- 
perience than the little captain. He started 
his business career as a member of the the- 
atrical profession, but finding that he was 
neither adapted nor fitted for theatricals, he 
finally gave up in disgust ; ■ after enduring 
many hardships, he drifted into the river busi- 
ness, where he has been eminently successful. 
His barn-storming expeditions were dismal 
failures, but he did not give up until lie dis- 
covered that it was impo.-?"b1e to m.ake it pay. 
He finally found his mecca as an excursion boat 
owner, having been able to stem the tide suc- 
cessfully for the last fourteen years, where 
many have failed. The Captain was born in the 
First ward, Pittsburgh, in 1870 ; was educated 
in the public schools of this city; was elected 
to Council in 1906, and is a candidate for re- 
election from the new First ward. 




John F. Klein 



102 



THE CITY COUNCILS 




John Bergmann, Common Councilman 
from the Twenty-ninth ward, was born in 
Bavaria, Germany, February 5, 1863. He 
came to this country in 1873, locating on the 
South Side. For fifteen years he has been 
collector for the Winter's and the Pittsburgh 
Brewing Companies. He is married and is a 
member of St. Michael's Roman Catholic So- 
ciety of the South Side, Benevolent Protective 
Order Elks, Heptasophs, Irocjuois Hunting 
and Fishing Club, and the Southern A. C. He 
was a member of the Twenty-ninth Ward 
school board for nine years, and has been 
in Common Council five years. 



John Bergman 



A most active and influential meuiber of 
Select Council is Charles Stewait, of the Six- 
teenth Ward. He was born in Ireland, near 
Belfast, January 15, 1862, and came to this 
country in 1876, locating in Pittsburgh, where 
he learned the tailoring trade. Mr. Stewart 
has always taken great interest in the affairs 
of the city. He served six years as a member 
of the School Board of his ward and eight 
years ago was elected to a seat in Select 
Council from that ward. He is a member of 
the Committees on Corporations, Filtration 
and Public Works, and often acts as President 
Protem. of vSelect Council. H lives at 4014 
Liberty avenue. 




Charles Stewart 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



103 




William Hoegel of 28 Warren street, 
represents the Twelfth Ward, North Side, 
in common council to which position he was 
elected in 1907. Prior to holding this office 
he represented the same ward in the school 
board, but resigned to become councilman. 
Mr. Hoegel was born May 6, 1873, in Foun- 
tain street. North Side, and attended the 
common schools. He was graduated from 
Duff's Business College, in 1889, and then 
learned the jewelry manufacturing trade. He 
was engaged in this business for 18 years. 
He is married and has three sons. Mr. Hoe- 
gel is a staunch Republican, a good council- 
man, and a candidate for re-election. 



William Hokgel 



Herman R. Bloedel, Common Council- 
man from the Fourth ward. North Side, was 
born in Allegheny, November 17, 1876. He 
is a son of Henry C. Bloedel, and was edu- 
cated in the public schools of the old Fourth 
ward. He is a first-class plumber, and lives 
and has his place of business at 408 Chestnut 
street, having purchased the Ehlers stand. 
Elected to Common Council in 1904, he has 
since served his constituents well, and is a 
candidate for re-election. Mr. Bloedel is a 
member of Lodge 339, B. P. O. E., the Alle- 
gheny Turners, and the Union Hunting and 
Fishing Club. In 1901 he married Miss Ber- 
tha Ehlers. One son has been born to the 
union. 




Herman R. Bloedel 



104 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



Among the prominent North Side busi- 
ness men in Councils none rank higher than 
John A. Sauer, who represents the First 
Ward in the Select branch. He is both a 
good plumber and an earnest, consistent coun- 
cilman. Mr. Sauer was born in Old Alle- 
gheny, January 13, 1868, and educated in the 
public schools and at St. Mary's German 
Catholic Parochial School, Liberty Street. He 
was married in 1895, and has four children, 
two girls and two boys. He was elected to 
Select Council in 1906, and resides at 909 
Western Avenue. 




John A. Sauer 




Among the active and influential young 
men in Select Council is Patrick F. Toole, of 
the First ward. He was born at the "Point," 
December 19, 1876, attended the ward public, 
and St. Mary's Parochial schools. For some 
years he sold newspapers, then started to 
learn the plumbing trade with James A. Mc- 
Kenna. When his brother, S. J. Toole, was 
elected Alderman of the First ward, however, 
Patrick entered the office as clerk, and has 
worked there ever since. He represents the 
First ward in the Central Board of Educa- 
tion, and is a successor to George Fleming, 
deceased, in Select Council. He is a vigilant 
watcher of the interests of his ward, and a 
candidate for the same branch of Councils in 
the new F'irst Ward. 



Patrick F. Toole 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



105 



John M. Riemenschneider, famous, if for | 
nothing else, for the excellency of the pretzels 
he makes, represents the Seventh ward, North 
Side, in Common Coimcil. He was born in 
Perr}/ street, Allegheny, June 22, 1858, and 
has been baking pretzels for twenty-eight 
years. He bakes nothing but his celebrated 
pretzels, his bakery turning out an average of 
63,000 of those crisp morsels daily. He was 
a member of the Seventh Ward school board 
for nine years, and has been in Common 
Council two terms. He is married, has four 
sons and four daughters, and lives at 75 
Spring Garden avenue. He has been a Re- 
publican all his life, is an Elk and a Junior 
Order American Mechanic. 




John M. Reimenschneider 




William G. Frederick of the contractingf 
firm of Frederick Brothers is one of the best 
known contractors in the city and has been in 
business for 15 years. He was born Septem- 
ber 16, 1857 in the Sixth ward, Allegheny, 
and was educated in the public schools. He 
first started in the contracting business with 
his father Emanuel Frederick and is now in 
partnership with his brother Emanuel, Jr., 
at 1914 Beaver avenue. He has always been 
prominent in politics and has enjoyed the 
confidence of his constituents. At the time 
of the Citizen's fight he was chairman of the 
Sixth Ward organization ,and was ward com- 
mitteeman. He was elected to common coun- 
cil in 1902. He is married and lives with his 
family at 1506 Nixon street, North Side. 



W. G. Frederick 



106 



THE CITY COUNCILS 




Julius L. Haering, who represents the 
second ward, Northside, in common council, 
was born June 17, 1868, in West End, Pitts- 
burgh. He attended the public schools of 
the sixth ward, Northside, and LyCssing In- 
stitute. At the age of thirteen, he left school 
and started to work as an errand boy in the 
drygoods store of James Caldwell, in Feder- 
al street, working there several years. In 
1884, he accepted a position as timekeeper at 
the Fort Wayne shops, remaining there over 
18 years. Then, in 1902, under the adminis- 
tration of John G. Hastings, as Allegheny 
delinquent tax collector, he was made a clerk 
in that office. From there, in 1903, he went 
to work for the Pennsylvania Light & Pow- 
er Company as general bookkeeper, which 
position he still retains. Mr. Haering is a 
staunch Republican, was elected to common 
council, in 1907, and is a candidate for re- 
election. He is married, and has two chil- 
dren. 



Julius L. Haering 



There is no more active nor influential 
member of Councils than Joseph C. Wasson 
who represents the Twentieth Ward in the 
Common Branch. As Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Finance he has had much weight in 
securing the enactment of many measures 
authorizing the issuance of bonds for the pay- 
ment of millions of dollars worth of badly 
needed public improvements. For eighteen 
years Mr. Wasson has been associated with 
the Joseph Home Company as buyer and de- 
partment manager, thus receiving a schooling 
which especially fits him for the position he 
holds in Councils. Mr. Wasson is a member 
of the Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce, the 
East End Board of Trade, and a charter 
member of the Colonial Republican Club, a 
prominent East End political organization. 
He was born in Lawrence county. Pa., Nov- 
ember 9, 1866, and came here in January, 
1890, to enter the employ of the Joseph Home 
Com.pany. He is married, has two sons, and 
resides at 362 Lehigh avenue. 




Joseph G. Wasson 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



107 




One of the staunch, self-made men of 
the West End is George F. Cronmiller, who 
for the past five years has represented the 
Thirty-sixth Ward in the Common Branch 
of Councils. He was born in the old Thirty- 
fourth ward, December 21, 1863, and educat- 
ed, until twelve years of age in the public 
schools there. At that tender age, he went 
into Painter & Sons mills, working there fif- 
teen years, ten of those years at a heating fur- 
nace. In 1895 he married Miss Carrie Geis- 
ler, a daughter of Christ Geisler, and unto this 
union have been born two children, a boy and 
a girl. Mr. Cronmiller is the man who did 
more than any other city official in the secur- 
ing of street car transfers on the West End 
and McKees Rocks hues. He is Republican 
in politics, an earnest party worker, and a 
candidate for Select Council from the new 
Twentieth Ward. Mr. Cronmiller conducts 
a large, well-patronized grocery at 173 Steu- 
ben street. West End, and has a substantial 
home at 1 Attica street, where he lives. 



Gkcirge F. Cronmiller 



Daniel A. MaUe, one of the products of 
the Smoky City, and a member of Select 
council from the Fourth Ward, North Side, 
is among the most active and progressive of 
Pittsburgh's business men. He was born 
January 11, 1868, in the First Ward, Pitts- 
burgh, and received his early education m 
the public schools. Later he was a student at 
the Holy Ghost Cohege of Pittsburgh. He 
was in the hotel business for many years, and 
later entered the florist business with head- 
quarters in the Allegheny Market house. He 
has since retired from business. In 1904. 
after being importuned for some time by his 
friends, he consented to be a candidate for 
Common Council from the Fourth Ward, 
North Side, in 1904, and was elected with a 
complimentary majority. In 1906 after hav- 
ing 3ervod faithfully and well there he was 
elevated to Select council, where he is still 
looking after the interests of his C(.)ustit\ienrs. 
He was one of the Republican candidates 
nominated at the last election for the Legis- 
lature from the First Legislative district. 




D, A. Mailie 



108 



THE CITY COUNCILS 



Dr. Edward P. Schatzman, a bright 
young physician represents the Third ward, 
North Side, in Common Council. He was 
born June 5, 1876, almost where he now re- 
sides, 710 Third street. He received his edu- 
cation in the public schools, the Western Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania, and the Western 
Pennsylvania Medical College, having grad- 
uated from the last-named institution in 1900. 
He was married to Miss Anna Grossman in 
1901. They have one child. Dr. Schatzman 
was a clerk in the Allegheny City Treasurer's 
office for several years, and was elected to 
Councils last year. He is a candidate for re- 
election. Honest, clean-cut, Dr. Schatzman is 
an honor to his profession and a worthy rep- 
resentative of his constituency. 




Dr. Edward P. Schatzman 




William McKelvey, Select Councilman 
from the Eighth ward, having been eleci.ed 
to that office in 1904, is one of the oldest, 
best-known and efficient detectives in tine 
country. He was with the city in the fire 
and police departments for over sixteen 
years, and is now general manager of the 
McKelvey Detective Service, 300-301 Mae- 
der building, 433 Fifth avenue. He was 
born in Westmoreland county, Pa., March 
18, 1858, and came to Pittsburgh in 1869. 
In the early part of 1882 he joined the city 
fire department, and took an active part in 
fighting the great Court House fire, which 
occurred on Sunday, May 7, of that year. 
He was appointed a detective of the city 
force by the late J. O. Brown, and in 1889 
was made an Inspector of Police. He is an 
active conscientious councilman and is a 
candidate for re-election in the new Third 
ward. 



William McKelvey 



Financial Pittsburgh 



Wonderful Growtli of tlie City as a Financial Center. 
Exchanges Ag-gregated Last Year Nearly Three Bill- 
ion Dollars. Few Cities Have Better Standing 

As a financial center Pitsburgh has had a wonderful growth; its standing 
to-day being exceeded by but few cities in the country. The first bank to be 
formed here was known as the Pittsburgh Branch of the Bank of Pennsyl- 
vania. It was organized in 1803, starting business in January 1804. The board 
of directors of this first institution contained many names which are still prom- 
inent in this community. 

The oldest bank doing business in the city is the Bank of Pittsburgh N. A., 
which was organized in 1810, as the Bank of Pittsburgh, obtaining a national 
charter later. What is now known as the First National Bank was the first bank 
in the city to obtain a national charter, it being a reorganization (in January, 
1863), of the Pittsburgh Trust & Savings Company. 

In 1853, fifty years after the organization of the first bank, there were seven 
banking institutions in the city with total deposits of $1,878,518. The number 
and size of the institutions have continued to grovv" to such an extent that, to-day, 
there are over 90 banks and trusts companie.-, m the ci^'- peeper with total de- 
posits of over $335,000,000. 

The Pittsburgh Clearing House Association has been in existence a little 
over 42 years. A comparison of the total exchanges for the different years of 
in existence reflects more accurately than any other way the prosperity and 
growth of the city financially, the total exchanges for the first year (1866) being 
$83,731,242, while for the year 1907 they reached the record-breaking amount of 
$2,743,570,484. 

The Pittsburgh Stock Exchange was the outgrowth of the old Oil Exchange, 
which went out of existence when the majority of the independent oil companies 
were absorbed by the Standard Oil Company. The present Stock Exchange be- 
gan business in April, 1894, and was incorporated in 1896. It had many homes, 
but in April, 1903, it moved to its present handsome quarters, which were ac- 
quired by the purchase and remodeling of the Mechanics' National Bank property. 
In the early days of the stock brokerage business the amount of shares that 
changed hands was small, the total for a year not exceeding 200,000. In 1898, 
the business continued steadily to improve until 1906, when the record total of 
3,976,124 shares was reached. The year 1907 was slightly smaller than that 
mark, owing to the closing of the Exchange in October, due to the financial de- 
pression that started at that time. Trading was not resumed until late in Jan- 
uary of this year, and the volume of business has been but medium since then. 
There are 130 members of the Exchange, with about 60 active houses or individ- 
uals at present doing business. 

Financial information and statistics on Pittsburgh district securities are 
published by the Moorhead Publishing Company, which is located in the 
Machesney building, on Fourth avenue. Financial publications and special re- 
ports on financial statistics have always been the exclusive business of the com- 
pany, which has a contract with the Stock Exchange for the exclusive privilege 
of oflicially reporting the business transacted on the Exchange. 




Real Estate Savings and Trust Co. 



THE LOCAL POSTAL SERVICE HI 

The Collateral Guide, Quarterly Record, Stocks and Bonds, Daily Record, 
Tri-Daily Reports and Pittsburgh Mines are some of ^^s. well-known pub^^^^^ 

The Moorhead PubHshing Company was organized m 1903 by Samuel W. B. 
Moorhead who was formerly financial editor of a large Pittsburgh newspaper. 
M? Moorhead died in March, 1906, and since that time the management of the 
company ha^^^^ in the hands of Claude F. Pugh, who had been associated with 
MrCorhead since its organization. Mr. Pugh had been formerly connected, 
for several years, with the Pittsburgh Stock Exchange. 

First North Side Modern Office Building 

The Real Estate Savings and Trust Company of Allegheny recently erected, 
at 516 Federal street, North Side, the first modern office building constructed on 
that side of the river. It is a handsome eight-story structure and up-to-date m 
everv particular. It is the new home of the company, which carries on one of the 
most safe and extensive banking businesses in the. Grater City, /^e -stituUo^ 
was estabHshed June 3, 1903, has $1,000,000 deposits and 3,700 deposito s. The 
officers of the company are: President, James Richey Jr.; Vice President, 
Thomas E. Long; Secretary and Treasurer, Edwai-d A- Young; Ass^tan Tre^ - 
urer F A. Johnston. Of the Real Estate Department, John T. Textor is As- 
sistant Secretary and Manager, and Dunn & Moorhead are the Solicitors. A 
spedal feature connected with the managing of the aftairs of the company is that 
of keeping open the banking and real estate departments on Saturday afternoons 
and evenings. 



The Local Postal Service 



Under Postmaster William H. Davis a Great Federal 
System is Being Extended to Keep Pace With the 
City's Growth. Mail Handling in Allegheny 

Still another manifestation of Pittsburgh's swift growth is the Post Office, 
which might be termed the pulse of business and population. Under the tar- 
seeing administration of Major W. H. Davis, the present postmaster and George 
W Gosser his sole assistant, the post office has been keeping step with the 
ever-increasing demands made upon it. Branch Offices have been opened and 
a number of changes made to simplify and andexpidite the transfer and delivery 
of the great mass of mail matter. Major Davis has been more than alert in carry- 
ing out Uncle Sam's business, one of the latest stations to be opened being the 
handsome structure known as the East Liberty Station in the East End. In ap- 
pointments and adaptability it is considered the finest station in the United 
States The great Central building in Smithfield street considered 19 years ago, 
as big enough to care for the mails for untold yeahs, has already been outgrown 
and the plans for a new structure are already a matter of civic history. 

Looking up the records, it is interesting to note that at the end of the year 
1790 the Pittsburgh postage receipts reached the magnificent total of ipiiU.jy. 
Think of that compared with the receipts for 1908 of $2,250,000. 



112 



THE LOCAL POSTAL SERVICE 



Many attempts to establish regular postal service between Pittsburgh and 

the East failed until 1786, when, 
through the energy of John Scull, 
post riders began to journey to and 
from this city and Philadelphia. One 
rider started from Philadelphia to 
Bedford, Pa., and the other from a 
point in Virginia. The two riders 
met at Bedford, and one proceeded 
on to Pittsburgh. The next year a 
Federal bulletin announced that reg- 
ular communication would be estab- 
lished between Alexandria, Va., and 
Pittsburgh by way of Newgate, 
Leesburg, Winchester, Fort Cumber- 
land and Bedford. This city's first 
postmaster was John Scull of the 
Gazette, the postoffice being located 
in the Gazette's log cabin plant in 
Water street, near Ferry street. Mr. 
Scull was succeeded by John Adams, 
in 1794. The date of the actual es- 
tablishment of a post office in Pitts- 
burgh was 1787. 

Here is a schedule of Pittsburgh 
postal rates in those early days : 
Single letters carried any distance 
up to and including forty-eight 
miles, 12 cents; forty-one to ninety 
miles, inclusive, 15 cents; ninety-one 
to 150 miles, eighteen and three- 
quarter cents; 151 to 300 miles, 
25 1-2 cents; 300 to 500 miles, 37 1-2 
cents. This scale was on the basis of one sheet in a letter. If there were two 
sheets the rates were doubled and tripled if there were three sheets. If a news- 
paper was carried into another state for a distance of one hundred miles it cost 
the sender 2 1-4 cents. Mail service in these days was precarious and slow. In 
the summer the post riders made trips every week. When the winter set in, 
and the trails and rough mountain roads were covered with snow, the journeys 
were fortnightly. Wild storms were not the only danger, however, as the an- 
cier.t mail-carrier was often in danger of losing his scalp-lock, since a surprise 
by Indians was always a menace to him. Small wonder it is then that high 
rates were charged for the transportation of letters and newspapers. But as 
Pittsburgh was getting into more direct communication with the outside world 
the postal service was being extended to towns nearby. Armed carriers traveled 
by boat and horse into Marietta and Wheeling. 

When, in 1801, Dr. Hugh Scott succeeded George Adams as postmaster 
the transporting of mail was not then such a gamble. The office was then at 
Third avenue and Market street. On the ninth of October of that year the 
Gazette was able to announce : "A new contract for carrying the mail of the 
United States from Chambersburg by McConnellsburg, Bedford, Somerset, 
Greensburg, Pittsburgh and Canonsburg to Washington, Pa., twice a week, came 
into operation on the first instant. By this contract the mail will leave Chambers- 




Maj. W. H. Davis 



THE LOCAL'^POSTAL SERVICE 



113 



bnrg every Tuesday and Saturday and arrive 
at Washington every Friday and Tuesday. 
The contractors, Josiah Espy, of Bedford, and 
Jacob Craft, of Somerset, have made arrange- 
ments for forwarding the mail, with as much 
care and punctuahty as possible, but should 
any unforseen accident happen at any time 
tending to delay the progress of it, any as- 
sistance obliging^ offered will be thankfully 
acknowledged and compensated for by the 
contractors." 

When Dr. Scott died, in 1804, John 
Johnson became postmaster. The simplicity 
of the service is indicated by the fact that 
Mr. Johnson removed the post office to his 
house, in Front street, corner of Chancery 
Lane. Mr. Johnson was postmaster for 
eighteen years. 

The post office passed through several 
changes and vicissitudes until the Federal 
building was erected at Fifth avenue and 
Smithfield street in 1853. Sixteen years ago 
the present Federal structure was constructed. 
Pittsburgh has had the following post- 
masters : John Scull, George Adams, Mrs. 

George Adams, Dr. Hugh Scott, 

John Johnson, William Eichbaum, 

David Lynch, James K. Moorehead, 

Robert W. Riddle, Chambers Mc- 

Kibben, Samuel Roseberg, Robert An- 

.derson, John C. Dunn, Sidney F. 

Von Bonnhorst, Wade Hampton, 

Joseph A. McClelland, J. H. Stew- 
art, E. C. Negley, George H. Ander- 
son, Benjamin Darlington, William 

H. McCleary, John B. Larkin, James 

S. McKean, J. C. O'Donnell George 

L. Holliday and Major William H. 

Davis. 




Geo. W. Gosser 

Assistant Postmaster 




Pittsburgh's Postoffice 

Mail Handling- in Alleg-heny 

The postal service on the North Side, (the office still retains the name of 
Allegheny), is being conductd m an up-to-date manner by Postmaster William 
J. Kopp and his assistant, H. C. Schuster. The history of the office dates back 
to the establishment of the National Postoffice Department. I'he first postmaster 
was D. E. Henderson, appointed by President Andrew Jackson, in the early 30's. 
George R. Riddle followed Henderson, and he was succeeded by Gustave L, 




Liberty Station 

Drane, appointed by Postmaster General AmosKendell when the town was still 
a borough. The next year (1840) Allegheny was incorporated into a city and 
Postmaster Drane held the position until 1843. The office was then located 
in a store on the canal in Federal street, jubt opposite where the Fort Wayne 
Depot now stands. 

The other postmasters of Allegheny follow in order of incumbency: R. C. 
P\ilsom, William Karns, John Mc Grew, Thomas Farley, William M. Stewart, 
Samuel Riddle, A. L. Robinson, Hugh McKelvey, John A. Myler, John Swan, 
John A. Gillelancl, Isaac R. Stayton, James A. Grier, John Francies, William ' 
J. Kopp. The post office is housed in a handsome structure at Ohio and West 
Diamond streets. The receipts of the office for the last fiscal year were $290,000. 




Allegheny Postoffice 



Honor Roll of Success 



Sidelig-hts on Typical Makers of Pittsburg-li and Their 
Enterprises. Galaxy of Leaders in Manufacturing't 
Commercial and Professional Life 



Because of the very diversity of its enterprises, Pittsburgh is great. It counts 
among its sons, men wlio have won success in almost every Hne of endeavor, men 
who have triumphed because of brains plus energy, diligence and application. 
In no city in the world is there such a variety of achievement. In this article are 
given sidelights on men who have triumphed in manufacturing, commerce or the 
professions. 

The Republic Manufacturing- Co., Brass Founders, Ktc. 

The Republic Manufacturing Company, William T. Lyon, president, with 
offices and works in Bouquet street. North Side, operates a large foundry plant 
as brass founders and manufacturers of special machinery. The company has 
been organized about 6 years, first as the Federal Machinery Company, and two 
years ago changed to the Republic Manufacturing Company. 




The Republic Manufacturing Company 



116 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 




This company 
makes a specialty of 
of hig-h-grade mining, 
engineering, coal 
haulages and pattern 
work in brass, iron 
and steel, for invent- 
ors and for experi- 
mental purposes. 
They are also manu- 
facturers of machines 
for filling ammonia 
bottles, similar lines 
and many other 
classes of work. 



Office of William T. Lyon, President 



Patterson Coal and Supply Company 

One of the great businesses of the city is that of the Patterson Coal and 
Supply Company. Its sales are a half million dollars annually, the develop- 
ment of years of aggressive and enterprising work. The main offices of the 
company are at No. 1222 Grant avenue, North Side. 

In coal and building supplies this concern stands pre-eminent among its 
competitors, the ramifications of its activity extending far beyond the confines 
of the Greater Pittsburgh district. No boundaries have been known in bring- 
ing to the builder the benefits of an efficient organization and a class of goods 
which will stand the closest scrutiny. 

This company was incorporated, in 1902, and each year has witnessed 
great increase in its growth. A splendid organization, a close watch on the 
fields of supply, advantages taken of every shading in price, and prompt and 
sure deliveries have given the Patterson Coal and Supply Company an enviable 
name. This company deals in anthracite and bituminous coal, Connellsville 
crushed coke, lime, cement, and sewer pipe, fire brick, fire clay, grate tile, etc. 
Features in the trade of this concern are Phoenix Portland Cement, Washing- 
ton Building Lime, and Ideal Wall Plaster. This does not take in all of the 
immense stock carried by the company, but gives some idea of the scope of the 
business. Its officers are Christ S. Knaur, President; George Lanz, Vice Pres- 
ident ; C. M. Hughes, Treasurer, and France Johnson, Secretary. 

To carry out the tremenduous shipments of the company a great equip- 
ment is necessary. The company float is at the Sixth street bridge, and its 
3^ards are at South Nineteenth and Mary streets, and at Grant avenue, North 
Side. Anyone who may be skeptical of business conditions has only to watch 
the activity at the yards and float of this company. The great shipments that 
are being prepared and finally consigned show the discrimination of builders in 
every part of this section and in fact, many sections of the entire country, for 
this activit)^ indicates that the purchaser has been tempted not only by price 




Office and Yards of the Patterson Coal and Supply Company 




Offices of Patterson Coal and Supply Company 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



119 



but by quality. The Patterson Coal and Supply company is, at this Sesqui- 
Centennial, one of the industrial triumphs of the city. 

F. W. Scliuster & Company, Wholesale Grocers 

F. W. Schuster & Company, of 511-13 East Diamond street and 512-14-16 
Market Place, are the only large wholesale grocers on the North Side. The firm 
is housed in a mammoth four-story, pressed brick and stone building erected 
last year at a cost of nearly $100,000, and it is not exaggeration to say that there 
is not a better planned nor better equipped wholesale structure of its size in the 
North Side. The store is a marvel of completeness from the cellar to the top 
floor. The cellar is large, clean and perfectly sanitary and contains three huge 
refrigerators for the storage of cheese and fruits. On the first floor the offices 
are located, fronting on East Diamond street, while three great refrigerators 
for butter line the room next to Market place. The second and third floors 
are filled with flour, teas, coffees, canned goods, spices and every other line of 
goods kept in a first-cless wholesale grocery house. The firm has a large and 
growing trade, not only in the Greater City, but elsewhere. F. W. Schuster, 
the head of the concern, has associated with him Theodore J. Schneider, who 
formerly was in the milk business. Mr. Schuster's sons, C. F. and H. W. 
Schuster, are employed by the firm as bookkeepers. 

F. W. Schuster, the founder of the business, was born in Germany, De- 
cember 5, 1849. He came here in May, 1875, and began clerking in the whole- 




F. W. Schuster & Company 




Offices of F. W. Schuster & Company 

sale house of Luebbe Brothers, in the Pittsburgh Diamond, remaining there 
about two years. Later, Mr. Schuster kept books for S. P. Armstrong in 
the Allegheny Diamond. Then, until 1902, he was bookkeeper for John Fite, 
of Pittsburgh, when he established the firm of F. W. vSchuster & Company, 
wholesale grocers, which located for a short time in the Spang-Chalfant build- 
ing in Sandusky street, Allegheny. The firm then moved to the Wilson building 
at the southwest corner of South and West Diamond streets. Last year F. W. 
Schuster erected the new building the concern now occupies. It was completed 
in November and on December fifth formally opened to the trade. 



John B, Wilson, Practical Horseshoer 

No matter what sort of trade a man may follow, if he is made out of the 
right kind of material he will make of his avocation a sucess. This proves un- 
questionably true of John B. Wilson, practical horseshoer, whose place of busi- 
ness is at 847 North Avenue, West, North Side. Born in Perry sville, Allegheny 
County, Pa., October 13, 1866, he moved to Emsworth, in the same county, when 
but a boy, and there attended the public schools until about fifteen years of ?ge, 
when he entered the shop of his father, and began learning the trade of horse- 
shoeing. How well he learned that trade is told today. Pie does practically all 
the fine horseshoeing on the North Side, besides doing a big custom business 
among owners of heavy teams. He has half a dozen competent workmen con- 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



121 



stantly in his employ, and it is a rare thing to see less than four or five horses 
waiting their turns at the door of his shop. He came to Allegheny in 1893, and 




Shop of John B. Wilson, Horseshoer 

in 1902, purchased his present location of Christ S. Knaur, now President of 
the Patterson Coal & Supply Company. 

Mr. Wilson is married, has one child, and lives at 1015 Cabmet Street, North 

Side. 

Thomas B. Pinkerton, House and Sign Painter 

Thomas E. Pinkerton, 102 West Erie 
street, North Side, is one of the most promin- 
ent house and sign painter-contractors in 
Greater Pittsburgh. His work is high class 
in every respect, and some of the biggest 
contracts in the city have been his work. He 
had the contiact for the glazing work in the 
Union depot, and also in the Frick building, 
both immense undertakings. He also had the 
contract for painting and decorating the City 
Home at Claremont. Mr. Pinkerton was born 
September 3, 1865 in the Second Ward, North 
Side, and educated in the public schools 
there. He was married in 1885 and lives with 
his family, his wife, two boys and a girl, at 
2514 Perrysville avenue. He is an active and 
prominent member of the B. P. O. Elks. 




Thomas B. Pinkerton 



122 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 




Aiig-iist Loch, Jeweler 

In 1880, August Loch opened a small jewelry store 
at Federal and North Diamond streets, where he con- 
tinued in business for twenty-eight years, establishing 
one of the largest and most thoroughly equipped jewel- 
ry emporiums in Pennsylvania. This growth was grad- 
ual, but none the less noticeable, and the explanation of 
the present success is found in the one word, "Prog- 
ress." Today this store represents everything that 
makes for perfection in the modern jewelry store. It 
ishoused in a handsome three-story brickbuilding at 817 
Federal street, planned and built expressly for this pur- 
pose, and which provides every imaginable convenience 
and comfort for patrons and employees. 

The entire first floor, 2,500 square feet of floor 
space is devoted to the store rooms, optical and repair 
department. The furnishings are in mahogany, with decorations of pale green 
the whole presenting a harmonious and pleasing effect to the eye. In the sense 
of art this store resembles not a place of businss half so much as that of a grand 
collection of beautiful masterpieces. The optical department is in the rear of the 
store room, and has received the 
most careful attention and for 
technical completeness and com- 
fortable privacy, cannot be sur- 
passed. Every known scientific de- 
vice necessary for the best opera- 
tion of a department of this kind 
has been installed regardless of 
cost. This department is in charge 
of a graduate optician of long ex- 
perience, and patrons are assured 
of the most careful personal at- 
tention and advice. The repair de- 
partment is in the extreme rear, 
and expert workmen are employed 
here constantly. The house has 

always born a reputation for the skill and dispatch with which repairs are made. 
The policy of the house of Loch, based on the principle of fair dealing, 
courteous attention, a steadfast endeavor to satisfy and a reasonable and uni- 
form scale of prices for meritorious goods, has won it many friends. A cordial 
invitation is extended to the public to come and inspect for themselves without 
feeling under any obligation to buy. 




Hig-h-Class Merchant Tailoring Establishment 

Clothes do not make the man, but they go a long ways toward accomplishing 
that end. Stylish, neatly-made, neatly-fitting garments impress even the most 
cynical persons favorably, say what )'-ou will. Therefore, a man who wants his 
fellows to look on him with favor, needs to be well clothed. One of the best 
places in Pittsburgh to go for the purpose of getting first-class service in that 
line, is to the merchant tailoring establishment of Charles Stewart, 311-313 
Farmers National Bank buildinsf. 




Sample Rooms of Charles Stewart, Merchant Tailor 

Mr. Stewart has been in the business over thirty years and knows it from 
an apprentice boy up. He has always worked on and with first-class garments, 
and his ambition has ever been to make and handle only the best of everything in 
his line. In 1900, Mr. Stewart purchased the establishment of John Bradley & 
Company, formerly Henry Oppenheimer, for years recognized as one of the best 
merchant tailoring firms in the city. He has improved and widened the business 
until it has no superior in the country. Men who formerly went East to have 
their clothing made,. now find they can get as good, if not better satisfaction, m 
Pittsburgh ; and Mr. Stewart is getting the lion's share of such custom. No mis- 
take will be made by patronizing this old, reliable firm. 



J. C. Connolly, Tailor 

The North Side boasts of no better, up-to-date merchant tailor and designer 
of fashionable garments than J. C. Connolly, whose place of business is at 2123- 
2125 Perrysville avenue. Mr. Connolly was born on the North Side, in the First 
ward, in 1876, was educated in the public schools and learned his trade in Alle- 
gheny. However, he spent ten years in business at Saltsburg, then returned to 
Allegheny, where he has built up an enviable custom. He is enterprising, and de- 
serves the good, substantial trade he enjoys. 

Sauer's Tavern 

John Sauers and Joseph H. Sauers, brothers and proprietors of Sauers' 
Tavern at 311 Federal street, Northside, next door to the Fort Wayne and 
West Penn Passenger Depot, are two of the best known and thoroughly re- 
spected cafe keepers in Greater Pittsburgh. Their place of business is the 
meeting place of lovers of good things to eat. The first floor of their new four- 
story building is used for cigar stand, bar, lunch counter and a gentlemen's 



124 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



dining" room. The second iloor is fitted np beautifully as a ladies' dining room, 
private dining rooms and ladies' toilet rooms. A private refrigerating plant is 
used and the Sauers make a specialty of 03^sters, fish, game, rare bits, salads, 
steaks and chops. 

John Sauers, the senior, son of Christian and Margaret Sauers, was born 
May 20, 1866, on the Southside, Pittsburgh. He was educated in the public 
schools of Pittsburgh and Allegheny, Duff's College and Mt. Gallitzin Ac- 
ademy at Ebensburg, Pa. After completing his education he served as mileage 
clerk four years for the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railway Company and upon 
the death of his father in 1887 he took charge of the Hotel Sauers, then at 
Church avenue and Federal street, which he conducted with marked success. 
He is a man peculiarly fitted for the hotel business, genial and kind and a 
thorough business man and one of the most popular keepers of hostelries in 
the state. He is a Republican and has served many times as a delegate to state 
conventions. He also served two terms in common council from the fourth 
ward, Allegheny. He is a member of the Americus Club, a life member of the 
B. P. O. Elks and was a member of the board of directors of the Third Na- 
tional Bank of Allegheny, until it was absorbed by the Allegheny Trust Com- 
pany. 

Joseph H. Sauers, the young'er brother, was born on the Southside, Pitts- 
burgh, March 5, 1876. His father dying when he was a child he was sent to 
Mt. Gallitzin Seminary at Ebensburg, Pa., for five years. He then attended 
the public schools of Allegheny in the second and fourth wards and later en- 
tered Trinity Hall Military school at Washington, Pa., where he rose to the 
rank of Lieutenant. He completed his education by graduating from Iron City 
College, in 1893, after which he was employed with his brother in the hotel 
business. In 1901 he was appointed clerk in City Recorder John R. Murphy's 
office but resigned in 1904 to enter into partnership with his brother in the 
business at the present site. He is a member of Allegheny Lodge No. 339, B. 
P. O. Elks, and the Knights of Columbus. 

Wag-ener's Inn 

Jovial, big-hearted John H. Wagener, 
proprietor of Wagener 's Inn, 612 East Dia- 
mond street, North Side, counts his friends 
by the thousands. Nature planned him for an 
innkeeper, although he spent twenty-one years 
as manager of the sales department and on 
the road for Langkamp's wood and willow 
ware house. He also spent several years in 
the employ of the T. C. Jenkins Company. Mr. 
Wagener was born in what is now the Seventh 
Ward, North Side, March 26, 1865, and was 
educated in the public schools and at the Iron 
City College. He is a Republican and repre- 
sented the Third Ward in Allegheny Common 
Council five terms. Wagener's Inn is gener- 
ously patronized by market-goers and farm- 
ers who bring their produce to the North 
Side for sale. While he kept an inn at Mad- 
ison avenue and O'Hara street, Mr. Wagener 
secured a large farmer patronage, which fol- 
lowed him to his new location. 




John H. Wagenkr 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



125 



George R. Cain, alderman, who was elect- 
ed to that position at the last February elec- 
tion, has in this short time in office made a 
record in the Second Ward, North Side, 
where he is located, equaled by few alder- 
men's offices in the city. Alderman Cain has 
always been prominent in the business and so- 
cial life of the city, and enjoyed the respect 
and esteem of all with whom he came in con- 
tact. He was born June 24, 1866, in Pitts- 
burgh, and received his education in the pub- 
lic schools of this city. He was in the meat 
business with Armour & Company for 14 
years, and is a member of the firm of James & 
Cain, wholesale meat dealers. In 1889 he was 
married to Miss Sadie E. Thompson, and one 
son, Martin Parker Cain, resulted from that 
union. He is a Mason, an Odd Fellow, Jr. O. 
U. A. M., belongs to the Loyal Order of 
Moose, and is a member of the Buena Vista 
Methodist Episcopal Church. He lives with 
his family at 1513 Buena Vista street. North 
Side. 




George R. Cain 




Associated with Alderman Cain is his 
genial Constable, Harry L. Ross, who was 
appointed to the office, under the late Alder- 
man of the Second Ward, Allegheny, David 
McKelvey, in 1906, and elected in 1908. Con- 
stable Ross was born in the Second Ward, 
Allegheny, April 19, 1868, educated in the 
public schools, and for twelve years worked 
as a photographer. He was, also, a newsboy 
for several years for the Allegheny Mail, 
which went out of existence, over twenty 
years ago. In all lines of employment in 
which he engaged, he has ever been faith- 
ful and efficient. He is married, and lives at 
830 Nevada Street, North Side. 



Harry L, Ross 



Beuchler's Cafe and Bar 

Beuchler's Cafe and Bar located at 611 West Diamond St., North Side, was 
established in 1874, by the late Fred Beuchler, a veteran of the Civil War. The 
business has been continued, since his death three years ago, by his widow. 



rr' 


^ ^ 


imm _Si 


»'i " 

h^. 


Jl& 


/,^^^- 


''-f^9^ 


Vfft'l^l 


nrr ■ i ■ ipJ ' '^ ' 


LK| . -i „ ./III' 
:S._ BlS /• ■ ... '- 


M aL 


HH i !■■ 'T' j|. ^ 


■BEHr'lTl 


-'Ur*'^»- 




^^r ^ ^^1 




...M 






^^K^^^K^^ 


p^-^^f 1 j: .. 









Beuchler's Cafe and Bar 



Amanda J. Buchler, and directly managed by his two sons, Charles and William. 
The building itself is one of the most historic in Western Pennsylvania. In 1853, 
it was in this house, that Col. James Anderson established the first circulating 
library in Allegheny County. When a boy of but 15 years, Andrew Carnegie 
spent much time among the books in this library. He was then earning $1.60 
per week as a "bobbin boy," and studied evenings to educate the business mind 
that was destined to revolutionize the industrial world. It was, no doubt, the 
benefits derived here by the great Iron Aiaster that caused him to resolve to 
carry out the library plan if he ever became a rich man. A monument erected 
to Col. Anderson by Andrew Carnegie stands on the square opposite this build- 
ing, in which is now one of the most carefully conducted institutions of its kind 
in the county, and which is patronized by the best people in this community. 



Milk and Ice Crearn 

In a community like Greater Pittsburgh, with its nation-assuming propor- 
tions, no business is of more vital importance than that of supplying milk and its 
products to the people. First, the customers should feel sure that the milk deliv- 
ered to them is absolutely pure and wholesome, as no article of food is more sus- 
ceptible to disease breeding germs. In the olden days milk was delivered to the 
customer direct from the cow grazing peacefully in the nearby meadows. It was 
healthful, then, because of the absence of contamination with the centers of hab- 
itation. 

In Pittsburgh the methods of caring for and delivering milk have reached a 
science second to none in the world. Upon arising in the morning a clean 
bottle, filled with rich milk, is foimd on the doorstep. But how often does the 
customer think of the care that has ben exercised by the dealer in order that he 
may furnish that latter-day, scientifically-treated milk in a state of absolute 
purity ? 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



127 



The dairy business here started some forty or fifty years ago. In addition to 
a few small dairies in the outskirts of Pittsburgh and Allegheny cows were kept 
by private families, and allowed to graze on the Commons. But the steady ad- 
vance of civilization congested the cities and made necessary a change in the 
manner of conducting the milk business, so that now milk is produced in large 
dairies, located in the rural districts, and shipped to the city by rail. The amount 
of milk and its products now required is enormous, an average of 40,000 gallons 
of milk and 4,000 galolns of ice-cream being consumed in Greater Pittsburgh 
daily. 

Among the largest milk and ice-cream dealers of this section is the Edward 
E. Rieck Company, whose immense plant is located at Forbes and Stevenson 
streets. Edward E. Rieck, the president of the company, and founder of the 
firm, started in the milk business on the South Side about twenty-eight years ago, 
with one horse and a wagon. In those days milk was delivered to consumers 
from a wooden container, a method now almost extinct. 

About five years later Mr. Rieck erected a creamery at Enon Valley, Pa., 
one of the first established in this section. This creamery was equipped with the 
most improved machinery to be secured then; among other things a cream sep- 
arator was installed, and separated cream was shipped to the city. Thus. Mr. 
Rieck was among the first to introduce separated cream in this conimiuiity. The 
demand for this commodity grek so rapidly that more creameries had to be added 
and better facilities for handling the product in the city were needed. Mr. Rieck 
found a suitable place in Grant street, and the business was carried on there suc- 
cessfully by him for three years. 

About' this time, however, the pasteurization of milk was introduced. Ever 
quick to take hold of any new method for the betterment of the quality of his 
products, Mr. Rieck, after thoroughly investigating the new method, organized 
the present company and located at Forbes and Stevenson streets. There new 
methods have been added, and others will be as fast as human knowledge and 
science can produce them. 



■::r' '% 






^\ '&J: W'^'M^^i^i^-.^ .; 








S"^' ^' 'Mullliii^i^^. 1^ 


' ■'-.t./y'^ 





RiECK's Offices 




RiECK's Pasteurizing Plant 



The Edward E. Rieck Company's plant is one of the most complete and 
sanitary establishments in the world. The manufacture of ice-cream was added 
to the output of the plant about ten years ago, and by strict attention to that 
part of the business and by giving the public an absolutely pure article, at a rea- 
sonable price, this department has grown until it requires from 35 to 40 
wagons to supply the daily demand. All the cream used in the manufacture 
of ice-cream is pasteurized, there destroying all disease germs, and the proper 
combination of this cream, together with pure fruits, flavors and sugar, go to 
make up the famous Rieck's Ice Cream, which any child or invalid may eat 
without the slightest danger of harmful effect. 

As in all first-class creameries of today, the milk of the Edward E. Rieck 
Company is brought from the dairies, operated under the special care of the 
firm, to the receiving stations, where it is carefully inspected before being ac- 
cepted. It is then filtered at once through a clarifying machine, and immediate- 
ly pasteurized, after which it is put into sterilized cans and shipped to the city, 
where it is at once again pasteurized, then put into sterilized bottles, sealed and 
delivered to the customers. It mxay seem unnecessary to go to all this trouble 
in the handling of milk, but the conscientious dealer does this in order to pro- 
tect his customers from disease and probably death. To prove that the public 
appreciates the Edward E. Rieck Company's efl:'orts to deliver only absolute- 
ly pure products, it is sufficient to say that it requires fifteen creameries, or re- 
ceiving stations, all of which are owned and controlled by the firm to furnish 
the milk and cream it handles, which comprise, approximately the product of 
10,000 cows. It requires eighty-five wagons to make the firm's daily deliveries 
in the city, and about 225 employes to do the work, while 350 tons of refrigera- 
tion and a capacity of 1,000 horsepower are necessary to run the machinery 
of the company's plant. The firm is always pleased to have the public inspect its 
creameries and factory and expresses sincere delight at the appreciation shown 
in the immense patronage it is reciving. 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



129 



The Au-Rone Ice Cream Company, whose offices and plant are located at 
314 Jackson street, North Side, although established only a short time, has met 
with phenomenal success. J. B. Lennard, president of the company, has been 
in the milk and ice cream business for over sixteen years, having entered the 

employ of what was then 
known as the Pasteur Dairy 
Company, in the spring of 

1892, working there until 

1893, when the concern 
consolidated with the Ed- 
ward E. Rieck Company. 
Mr. Lennard acted in vari- 
ous capacities with the 
latter company until 1903, 
when he assumed the man- 
agement of the firm's city 
plant. He held this re- 
sponsible position until the 
Au-Rone Ice Cream Com- 
pany was formed. May 1, 
1908. In this short tima 
Mr. Lennard has built up 
a trade which is simply 
astonishing. The plant of 
the company is modern in 
all its branches, and has a 
capacity of 2,000 ga^ons of 
ice cream daily. The firm's 
trade is confined largely to 
wholesaling among drug 
stores, confectioners and 
grocer?^ 




RiECK's Refrigerating Plant 

Renvers & Co., Furniture Dealers 

One of the most up-to-date furniture houses on 
the North Side is that of Renvers & Company, locat.e.ti 
at 811 Federal street. The firm occupies the entire 
building, a large four-story structure, each floor being 
filled with first-class furniture of all descriptions, and 
sold at reasonable prices. 

Anthony B. Renvers, father of the present owner, 
founded the firm of Renvers & Company, and for years 
manufactured and sold furniture at 814 Federal 
street. After the death of the father, in 1895, the son 
Joseph G. Renvers, operated the business for his 
mother until 1903, when the partnership was dissolved, 
the present firm established and located at 811 Federal 
street. No one ever regrets having patronized the firm 
of Renvers & Company. It was founded on honest and 
fair dealing, and so it remains. 




130 



HONOR AROLL of SUCCESS 



Prominent among those 
who have been principals of Al- 
legheny schools is Richard Hen- 
ry Jackson, now one of the most 
prominent attorneys in Western 
Pennsylvania. He was princi- 
pal of the Third ward schools 
for several years, resigning the 
position, in 1890, when admitted 
to the Allegheny County Bar. 
Mr. Jackson was born at Flor- 
ence, Washington county. Pa., 
March 30, 1859, the son of Rich- 
ard Jackson and Mary A. (Hen- 
derson) Jackson. He received 
his educational training in the 
public schools and Burgettstown 
academy. At the age of fifteen 
he taught in the public schools 
of Washington county and has 
the distinction of being the 
youngest person to hold a per- 
manent certificate as a teacher 
in the schools of Pennsylvania. 
He was admitted to the bar of 
the Supreme Court of West Vir- 
ginia, June 23, 1883. He con- 
tinued to teach until admitted to 
practice in Allegheny county, 
December 15th, 1890. As a lawyer he has engaged in the general practice and 
has tried cases in every court of Allegheny county; the Superior and Supreme 
Courts of the State and in the Courts of the United States. 

There is perhaps no member of the Allegheny County Bar of wider general 
experience in the practice of the Law, than Mr. Jackson. In politics he is a 
Republican, and in every campaign in recent years, he has been regarded as the 
leading campaign speaker of Allegheny County. Mr. Jackson is known in every 
township. This fact was attested when, in 1907, he ran for Judge of Common 

Pleas Court, No. , independently, on his own platform, against Judge 

Evans, the Republican nominee, and was defeated oidy by a comparatively 
small majority. He is now considered the logical candidate for the next va- 
cancy on the Allegheny County Bench. 

While his time is fully occupied in the work of his practice, hundreds can 
testify that Mr. Jackson is never so busy but that he can and will take up the 
cause of the oppressed poor to whom he believes injustice has been done. He 
was married in 1881 to Miss Elizabeth McCrea, of New Cumberland, W. Va. 
His family consists of his wife, four sons and one daughter. He lives at No. 
2650 Perrysville avenue. North Side. 




Richard H. Jackson 



Samuel Ward, Wag-on Builder 

Diligent application and the seizing of every opportunity have made Samuel 

Ward, wagon builder, at 1015 Grant avenue. North Side, the head of a thriving 

business. His establishment, founded ten years ago, is one of the best known 




Shop of Samuel Ward, Wagon Builder 

in Pittsburgh. In his shops are built all kinds of wagons with facilities, also 
for making repairs. Mr. Ward has been successful because he learned to do 
one thing well, keeping his place limited to the strict lines laid out when it was 
established. He was born October 15, 1858, in Oak Lane, now Oakland ave- 
nue, Pittsburgh. He left the public schools when twelve years old to learn his 
trade. The future wagon builder was ambitious and he studied at night at 
Duff's Business College. He not only mastered his trade but obtained a good 
business education, his eye always on the time when he would be the employer 
and not the employee. He was married in 1881 , and has one child. 

Rising frona the pick and shovel to 
the proprietorship of a hotel and a posi- 
tion of power in the Swiss colony, on the 
North Side, is the achievement of Mat- 
thias Stuessi, of 706 Ohio street. Mr. 
Stuessi is a basso and was deeply inter- 
ested in the Swiss Mannerchor, which 
was revived some years ago after its 
membership had dwindled to a small 
group. A'Ir. Stuessi came to this country 
in 1866, and after working on the con- 
struction of the famous Horseshoe Bend, 
he went on a farm as a laborer. Later he 
entered the employ of the Standard 
Manufacturing Company as a stationary 
engineer, where he remained for twen- 
ty-five years. He has been in the hotel 
business for fifteen years. In 1903, when 
the Swiss National Turnfest was held in 
Pittsburgh, Mr. Stuessi was chief mar- 
shal of the parade. His hotel is noted for 
the fine home-made wines served there. 




Mathias Steiissi 



132 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



James G. Wyman, 
three times elected 
Mayor, and once City 
Recorder of the City 
of Allegheny, is one of 
the most popular and 
remarkable men in 
Western Pennsylvania. 
Mr. Wyman was born 
in West Cambridge, 
Mass., January 18, 
1851, and came to Al- 
legheny July 7, 1876, 
where he established 
himself in the con- 
tracting business, lo- 
cating in the First 
ward. He soon be- 
came popular with the 
masses, and being ac- 
tive in politics, was 
elected to Common 
Council in 1881, and 
to the Select branch in 
1882, serving there un- 
til 1884, when he was 
elected Mayor. He 
was again honored by 
the people by being 
elected Mayor in 1891, 
and, also, in 1900, re- 
ceived that honor. Un- 
der the famous "Rip- 
per bill," ex-Governor 
William A. Stone dis- 
placed Mayor Wyman, 
and appointed John R. 
Murphy, City Recorder, the bill designating that as the official title of the city's 
chief executive. Indignant over such an outrageous proceeding, the people arose 
in their might, in 1903, and elected Mr. Wyman City Recorder by an overwhelm- 
ing majority, he being the only City Recorder ever elected in Allegheny by the 
voice of the people. The Legislature that years passed an act making the title of 
the chief executive again "Mayor." Mr. Wyman is of English and Scotch 
descent, his parental ancesters having emigrated to this country in 1665. He is a 
Republican, and was a delegate to the National Convention which, in 1900, nom- 
inated the lamented William McKinley for President. He is a member and a 
trustee of the Central Presbyterian church, and a director of the Allegheny Real 
Estate Savings & Trust Company. Mr. Wyman is being strongly urged by his 
friends to become a candidate for Mayor of Greater Pittsburgh, and he may do so. 




Jamk.s G. Wyman 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



133 



One of the most interesting of 
the histories of men who have made 
and are still making Pittsburgh is 
that of Stephen John Toole, Alder- 
man of the First ward, and Dem- 
ocratic nominee for County Com- 
missioner. Pie was born in New 
Orleans, La., April 9, 1859, and 
came to Pittsburgh with his parents 
when two years old. The boy, 
"Steve," as his friends know him 
by still, and love to call him, grew 
up virtually a product of the 
"Point." He attended the First 
ward schools and St. Mary's Par- 
ochial school, and helped earn a 
livelihood by selling papers from 
the time he was nine years old un- 
til he was fourteen, when he 
worked at folding papers on the 
old Chronicle Telegraph. He then 
learned the trade of boiler-maker, 
working at that occupation in turn 
with the James Thorn, the W. C. 
Carroll, the James Rees & Sons, 
and the Dougherty & Morrison 
boiler works. He then becam.e a 
professional ball player, and in 
1881 played first base for the B. D. 
Woods club, the best amateur ball 

team ever organized in Allegheny county. In 1883-4 he played with the New 
Brighton and New Castle clubs, and, in 1885, was with both the Youngstown, O., 
and the Rochester, N. Y., clubs. He became a pitcher in 1886, and that season 
and the next was in the box for the Brooklyn Association team. The next season 
found the young Pittsburgher with Kansas City, and, in 1889, he was back with 
the Rochester, N. Y., team. His career as a professional ball player ended in 
1890. While playing with the Brooklyn Association team he sprained his arm, 
in the middle of the season, and had to retire from the diamond. 

In the spring of 1891, Mr. Toole was appointed wharfmaster of Pittsburgh, 
and the same year was appointed Alderman of the First ward. He was elected 
to the latter office in 1892, and has held it ever since. He was married February 
8, 1887, and lives at 110 Penn avenue. Although a Democrat, Mr. Toole has 
hosts of Republican supporters, and there is little doubt but that he will be one 
of the next County Commissioners. He deserves the office and can fill it cred- 
itably. 




Stephen J. Toole 



Prominent among: the Common Councilmen from the North Side is Dr. F. 
H. Frederick, of the Fifth ward. He was born in Richmond, O., April 2, 1870, 
and was educated at Richmond College, the Ohio University and the Western 
Pennsylvania Medical Collegfe. He was married in 1899, and lives at 1335 
Rebecca street, North Side. Dr. Frederick has made a good record in Coun- 
cils, having served there since 1902. He is a candidate for Select Council 
from the new Twenty-first ward. 



134 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCEvSS 




Possibly no man gets more out of life 
than Christ S. Knaur, President of the Pat- 
terson Coal &• Supply Company. He is one 
of the most prominent as well as one of the 
most energetie men, and des])ite his mani- 
fold interests has time for recreation of the 
most wholesome sort. In the summer, when 
he leaves his office, he leaves care behind, 
because business anxiety has no place in his 
beautiful home in Saxonburg, Butler coun- 
ty, Pa. This is a magnificently appointed 
residence amid ideal surroundings and rep- 
resents the last word in suburban home- 
making. Mr. Knaur's home on the North 
Side is at 224 Mclntyre avenue. Although 
the Patterson Coal & Supply Company is 
one of the most aggressive firms in the 
greater city, A'Ir. Knaur has found time to 
interest himself actively in school matters. 
He has been a member of the North Side 
Board of School Controllers from the 
Tenth ward for a number of vears. 



Christ S. Knaur 
Pres. Patterson Coal & Supply Co. 




Christ S. Knaur's Summer Home at Saxonburg, Pa. 



An Old Remedy Revived 

The unprecedented manner in which Crown Cordial is gaining public favor 
indicates the merit of the claims that are made for it. This remedy for diseases 
of the stomach is 100 years old, although this is the first time it is being generally 
sold. Heretofore it has been given only by prescription, being the secret com- 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



135 



pound of an English physician who won great fame on account of this remedy, a 
full century ago. This doctor, in the course of experiments, compounded a cor- 
dial, and he himself was amazed at the cures that followed. Not only was it 
then, as it is to-day, a certain panacea for stomach troubles, but it acted as a pre- 
ventative against disease. In those days epidemics were more common and the 
the physician used his cordial in checking a terrible scourge in the district where 
he lived. The prescription became known all over England, reaching even into 
France. So many lives did the physician save that people in both countries held a 
meeting in appreciation of this remedy and gave their benefactor a gold medal, 
one side of which bore a facsimile of the English Crown. The formula was 
handed down to the physician's great-grandson, in the United States, who is using 
it in his practice to-day with unprecedented success. Crown Cordial is S3ld not 
only in drug stores, but in cafes and bars. Crown Cordial i/iightens me eye, tones 
up the liver and restores the somach to its normal condition. The Crown Cordial 
Company also makes Crown Cordial Splits, a natural laxative, mad from mag- 
nesia water and free from dangerous or ('is-agreeable eriects. 



John O'Neil, Express and Storag-e 

John O'Neil, who 
who is engaged in the 
general express and 
storage business is one 
of the real, hustling, 
get-there men of the 
North Side. Just twen- 
ty-one years ago he 
started in the express 
business at Montgom- 
ery avenue and Feder- 
il street, with only one 
horse and a wagon. 
The horse he owned 
clear. Today he has 
forty-two head ol fine 
horses, suitable for 
hauling and express, 
and has just erected a 
mammoth seven-story, 
cement, fire-proof stor- 
age house at Abdell 
and Bidwell streets, 
one block from West- 
ern avenue. This hand- 
some structure is built 
on the Conn-bar sys- 
tem and is the only 
building of its class on 
the North Side. It has 
over 30,000 cubic feet 

of storage room, and cost of storage there is the same as in an ordinary fire- 
trap building. Mr. O'Neil's stables are at 813-821 West Diamond street, North 
Side. P. & A. 'phone, 453 North; Bell, 453 Cedar. 




*»«i'i.«<U^s.iju^^^^ 



136 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 




C. L. MOHNEY 

1883 he married Miss Annie De Groff, and to 
born, two of whom are Hving. 



The North Side has no 
more enterprising business 
man than Coursin L. riohney, 
contractor and builder, whose 
offices are at 1217 Pennsyl- 
vania avenue. Mr. ATchney 
has erected some of the most 
important buiV-.ing.s ni the 
greater city and in the county, 
one of his many notable 
achievements being the mov- 
ing of the Grand Opera 
House.. He was born in 
Clarion county, in 1860, and, 
after a period of school teach- 
ing, started to pave the way 
for a business career. He rep- 
resented the Tenth ward in 
the Allegheny Common Coun- 
cil for two teims ati'^ was a 
staunch advocate '.f .i Greater 
Pittsburgh. While a cciiicil- 
man his jibiiity was recognized 
by important committee as- 
signments. He i.- a Democrat 
and has a keen interest in 
public affairs, although his 
growing business interests 
take up most of !iis time. Tn 
them four children have been 



A Short History of White's Store 



This was B. White's big furniture store in Allegheny. With that enterprising 
thrift which has characterized this store's management throughout its entire 
career, Mr. White found at the end of three years that it would be necessary to 
get possession of the building adjoining. A year later than this it became neces- 
sary to remove the walls and make a much larger first floor, at the same time 
adding a large addition in the rear. The year following this Mr. White launched 
so heavily into the carpet business that it was then necessary to pull out the walls 
of the floors above and lease additional storage in neighboring buildings. A year 
later the original property on which the original store was established was bought 
outright by Mr. White, and preparations were at once begun for another enor- 
mous expansion. The next year the corner to the right of the original site was 
purchased and the entire business was thrown into one big store. After another 
year all the property to left of original store was purchased, making a frontage 
of almost one-half the entire square, the frontage as it is to-day. 

Tn 1903 Mr. White established his store in Pittsburgh proper, on t\>e corner 
of Fifth avenue and Stevenson street growing out of the demand of White patrons 
living in Oakland, East End and Wilkinsburg. 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



137 



Perhaps one of the most striking points about the White stores is the fac 
that they have both always been courteous to their patrons. They have always 
been located away from the high rent and high tax districts thus always saving 
their customers at least thirty per cent. They're the stores that always trust the 
people for all they want, and the people always trust hem. 

The McPherson Printing Company 

The McPherson Printing Company employs no solicitors, and are al-.yays 
busy, because they have never failed to deliver an order when ,t was promised 
If for any reason, they should fail to do so, they will call their customer up and 




A Corner in the Press-Room 

teli him so, and why. If you want a job in a hurry, they will let the throttle out 
another notch and deliver on time. 

Alamo Cottage Sanatorium 

A marvelous cure from consumption is one of the reasons back of the foun- 
dation of the Alamo Cottage Sanatorium, at Alamogordo, New Mexico, by W. 
A Reed. Mr. Reed is the son of Joseph H. Reed, of 1900 Chartiers street. North 
Side, and when he left for New Mexico his life was despaired of. An athlete, six 
foot 'in his stocking feet, with weight in proportion, the ravages of consumption 
had reduced him to 125 pounds. He first went to Silver City, N. M., but the alti- 
tude there being too high, he took up the fight against the disease at Alamogodo, 
reaching there last January. He now weighs 160 pounds and physicians have 
pronounced him cured. Mr. Reed then set about to establish the Cottage Sana- 
torium. Each patient has a cottage, built to allow a maximum of fresh air and 
comfort while the cuisine and service are the best available. The patients are 




W. A. Reed and Groitp of Friends 

under the direction of a competent staff of physicians and a matron of nine years' 
experience, and nurses are in constant attendance. Pure water is piped nine 
miles from springs in the Sacramento mountains. The altidudc is 4,420 feet and 
the cHmate, free from cold, excessive heat and moisture, is perfect. Alamagordo 
is on the main line of the Rock Island Railroad and is 86 miles north of El Paso. 
The terms are ^75 per month including medical attention and ordinary nursing. 




Beginning Work on Alamo Cottage Sanatorium 



HONOR ROLL OF SUCCESS 



139 



Heroism among firemen is taken as 
a matter of course by a public, which is 
only too eager to ap ;>laud some deec' of 
performed by a man who does not wear 
a city uniform. Many who have ^peut 
their life in the protection of life and 
property go into retirement with only 
their friends knowing the bravery they 
have displayed. One man who has ex- 
perienced all the perils that come with 
fire fighting is Peter Schatzman, an As- 
sistant Chief of the Fire Department, 
wha was retired last July after a ' long 
and honorable service. He was born 
September 10, 1849, in Germany, and 
came to this country as a boy of seven. 
His parents located in Canton, O., later 
coming to Allegheny, where his father 
was a tailor and cutter. Mr. Schatzman 
went into the Volunteer Fire Depart- 
ment, in 1868, and two years later en- 
tered the city paid fire department. He 
was made captain of police and served 
for one year, being made Assistant Fire 
Chief in 1892. He hves at 718 First 
street. North Side. He has a wife, 
three sons and a daughter. 




Peter Schatzman 



Art In Pittsburgh 

There is a general idea abroad that Pittsburgh produces nothing but pig- 
iron and pickles, and is devoid of the arts, but anyone taking the time will find 
her people to the front in many other fields. 

The studios of the Pittsburgh Photo-Engraving Company are thoroughly 
suggestive of art and are producing some of the finest specimens of art booklets 
and catalogs in the country. One just issued for the Guarantee Title & Trust 
Company, of Pittsburgh, is a work of art, indeed. ' The illustrations are in three 
art tones tipped on an antique paper, each page is in an embossed panel. Another 
particularly striking book is one made for the Bank of Pittsburgh National As- 
sociation, entitled "In the Year 1810." It is gotten out in the style of one hundred 
years ago, the paper, envelopes and illustrations being in harmony with the early 
colonial period. 

The studios of the Pittsburgh Photo Engraving Company are located at 723 
Liberty street, where they handle all classes of illustrations, engraving and print- 
ing. Sherman Smith is president of the company, Roland S. Smith, secretary- 
treasurer and Charles Johnson, art director. 



The City Markets 



No Better Condvicted Markets Exist Anywhere, While 
That of Alleg-heny has no Equal in the United States 




Pittsburgh is rich in her market 
houses, perhaps no city in the union being 
so well provided in this respect. At all 
points of the civic compass the good 
housewife has set before her provisions 
and meats, so temptingly arrayed that 
marketing is a delight. The most im- 
portant markets in the greater city are 
the Pittsburgh market in the Old City 
Hall, the Allegheny market, which occu- 
pies an entire block facing on Federal 
street. North Side, and the Liberty and 
South Side markets. To the casual mas- 
culine observer all markets may look 
alike, but ask the feminine head of the 
house, and she will say that there are 
some points of difference in these morn- 
ing marts. None of the markets has a 
stronger hold on the wise purchaser than 
the one in Allegheny. Under its great 
roof are more than three hundred merchants and everything good to eat. This 
market is admittedly one of the finest in the United States, the arrangements of 
the stands and sanitary precautions being almost ideal. It is spotless town with 
a roof over it. At one time the market was in the middle of Federal street, be- 
tween what are now the City Hall and Carngie Music Hall. 

Councils have authorized a bond issue of $1,000,000 to be voted for by the 
people for the erection of a gigantic convention hall and modern market house 
to occupy the site of the present Allegheny Market and the Diamond Square at 
Federal and Ohio streets. North Side. The movement is being urged by the 
North Side Chamber of Commerce. The backers of the project have con- 
vinced councils that as Pittsburgh has no assembly hall which will admit of hold- 
ing a large convention and as a result this city is not considered when organiza- 
tions and political parties are planning large meetings, there is an immediate 
necesity for such a structure. The plan is to place the market on the first floor 
of the proposed building and to use the upper portions as a convention hall, with 
an arcade over Federal street. Traction loops are to circle the proposed building 
with switches for cars which will bring produce direct from the farm to the 
market. If this project is carried out is is estimated that the city will gain a 
revenue of $150,000 annually, which in time will pay for the building. 

Under the superintendency of George E. Smith, the Allegheny market is 
being conducted better than ever before. He has shown fine executive ability, 



George E. Smith 
Superintendent Allegheny Market 




Views of Allegheny Market 



142 



THE CITY MARKETS 



and since his incumbency many improvements have been made. He took the lead 



in the weights and measure reform, 
holders in the Allegheny market : 




Here is something about the leading stand- 
One of the oldest men in the Allegheny 
Market is Enoch James. He has kept a 
butclier's stand there for thirty-five years, 
and is known to generations of housewives. 
A butcher all his life, Mr. James has given' 
his business close attention at all times, 
using the knife and saw when he might 
have enjoyed a well-earned leisure. Mr. 
James was born March 12, 1857, in Alle- 
gheny county, near Carnegie, his parents 
removing to Alegheny when he was eight 
years old. He was a school director in the 
old Tenth ward, now the Fifteenth ward. 
He has a handsome home at 64 Wabash 
avenue. 



At Stands Nos. 203 and 219, in the 
center of the market, are the wares of the 
Allegheny Butter Company, of which C. 
W. Antony is proprietor. Mr. Antony 
came from Holland in 1889 with a thor- 
ough knowledge of the dairy business. 
His greatest achievement was the estab- 
enoch James Hshmcnt of a Creamery at which his fa- 

mous "A. B. C." butter is made. 
J. R. Pulpress, dealer in fiish, oysters and game at Stands, Nos. 76 and 78, is 
the head of a business that has stood the test for thirty years. He is the oldest 
fish dealer on the North Side, which experience is at th service of the buyer. 

Charles H. Stafford has been at Stand 196 for twenty years, and wdiether 
it be summer or midwinter, he has the choicest in vegetables and fruits to offer. 
Succeeding his father in business, George P. Leety, at Stands Nos. 137 and 
138, is a specialist in fruits, making a feature of the finest celery. For more than 
a quarter of a century a member of this family has catered to discriminating 
buyers. 

The tempting stands of J. J. Klaese, Nos. 93 and 94, offer the best in butter, 
eggs and cheese with attractive offerings in teas, coffees and canned goods. The 
name of Klaese has been associated with the butter and egg business for 30 
years, and that should mean something. 

The only stands that deal in fruit exclusively are those of J. C. Cuneo, Nos. 
27 and 29. Mr. Cuneo has been in the market since 1870, and he and his enter- 
prising son have built up a fine business. 

"Look for the large mirror," and you will find the stand of W. J. Wyland, 
dealer in fish and oysters. One of his stands has a huge mirror for a back- 
ground, furnishing an attractive setting for the finest that comes out of the water. 
For a number of years the butter and egg stand of John Zimmer, No. 86, 
has been on the shopping itinerary of careful purchasers. Air. Zimmer believes 
that the best is not too good for his patrons, and takes the greatest care in the 
selection of his stock. His butter is held up as a standard of excellence in hun- 
dreds of households on each side of the river. 

The oldest butter man in the market is J. C. Gibson, who has stands Nos. 
197, 198 and 206. He has brought into the county the largest cheese ever seen 



THE CITY MARKETS 



143 



here, weighing 1,200 pounds. His Harkimer County cheese fairly melts in your 
mouth. 

For sixteen years John Delisi & Bros., at Stands Nos. 80 and 128, have been 
filling market baskets with the finest green vegetables and foreign and domestic 
fruits. They make a specialty of pure, imported olive oil. 

Home-made bread and pies that recall the delights of country fare are to be 
found at the stand of Mr. Cornman, No. 177. Cakes are her specialty and the 
woman who can resist Mrs. Cornman's display must be hard to please. 

Two enterprising and public spirited young merchants are Litten & Grubbs 
who have Stands Nos. 7, 9, 133 and 134. They led in the Market House fight for 
honest weights and measures, and not only carry out what they preach in fruits 
and vegetables, but see that the quality is right. 

One of the best-known men in the 
Market is Thomas A. Nardina, a pro- 
gressive dealer in fruits and vegetables, 
his specialties being limes, mushrooms 
and Ohio celery. He has been twenty 
years in business in Allegheny. His 
stands are 17, 139, and 141, and while 
his retail trade is large he supplies many 
clubs and hotels. 

Taking up their father's business, 
the sons of a veteran marketman are 
making a great success of the firm of 
James Pogue's Sons. They deal in but- 
ter, eggs and cheese, at Stands Nos. 204, 
205 and 218, but have lately added a 
special line of fine cofifees. Their business 
is wholesale and retail, supplies being 
furnished the hotels and restaurants. 

The oldest man in his line- in the 
Market is Julius Eicher, at Stands Nos. 
180 and 199, dealer in fruits and vege- 
tables. He stood in the old market, in 
1857 and has been in the present building 
since it was established. Years have made 
him an expert in selecting the best for his 
patrons. 

Established in 1880, T. Rovegno, dealer in fruits and vegetables at Stands 
Nos. 77 and 175^, is one of the most successful under the great roof. Indian 
River oranges are one of his specialties. 

A reputation for square dealing has won a big trade for George P. Hanny 
who sells butter, eggs and cheese, and a full line of delicatessens at Stands Nos. 
135 and 136. He backs up everything that he sells. 

Charles A. Muehlbronner, ex-senator, ex-legislator, ex-councilman and 
successful business man, who is the proprietor of the Iron City Produce Com- 
pany, 201 Ferry street, one of the largest and most prominent business houses 
in Western Pennsylvania, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., May 10, 1875. Through- 
out his life his progress has been steady and brilliant and honors have come to 
him faster than to most men, only to leave him the same care-taking and con- 
scientious business man and friend. 




Thomas A. Nardina 



144 



THE CITY MARKETS 



When but a baby his parents moved from Philadelphia and located'at La 

Grang'e, Ohio, and later moved to 
Richmond, Ky. In 1865 they moved 
to Pittsburgh, where Mr. Muehl- 
bronner attended the public schools 
until he was fifteen years old. He 
then started to learn the painters' 
trade, but finding no inclination for 
the work stopped after 18 months' 
efifort and spent four years in a gro- 
cery story as clerk. In 1878 he went 
to California and in San Francisco 
resumed painting and continued at it 
for a year and a half only to stop 
ag-ain and returning' to Pittsburgh 
he eng'ag'ed in selling" g^rocers' sup- 
plies. In 1872 he started a poultry 
business and later added fruit and 
vegetables, and it was from this be- 
ginning" the magnificent business of 
the Iron City Company has arisen 
and of which Mr. Muehlbronner is 
the proprietor. This company han- 
dles several hundred thousand dol- 
lars worth of produce each year, 
representing some 25,000 carloads 
in addition to great quantities of 
shipments received by boat. This 
immense business is carried on 
through correspondence. He has 
Served as stockholder and director in the Western Savings & Deposit Bank, 
German National Bank of Pittsburgh and German-American Savings & Trust 
Company. In his dealings he is fair, honorable and kind to all. 

A staunch Republican he has served his party loyally and has been greatly 
honored by it. His political career started with his election as tax collector in 
the Seventh Ward, Allegheny, which position he held for three years. While 
serving in that capacity he was elected a member of the school board of that 
ward and also the representative of the ward in Common council, thus holding 
three positions at the same time from the same ward but the duties of neither of- 
fice suffered thereby. His ability won him a re-election to Common council 
and to a seat in the Select branch. In 1890 while serving there he was elected 
to the State Legislature and after serving two terms there was elected to the 
State Senate. He was defeated for re-lection by only 400 votes in the Citizens- 
Democratic landslide in 1902. 




Charles A. Murhlbronni 



Henry Kreiling^ & Sons Company 

The Henry Kreiling & Sons Company, which occupies seven stands — 116 to 
128 inclusive — in the Liberty Market, East End, is known to every housewife 
in the Greater City who knows anything about good meats. The Kreilings not 
only supply meats to hundreds of private families, but many of the leading cater- 
ers and hotel men are among their constant customers. The resident of the East 
End is essentially a good liver. He knows what good things are. He is able to 
pay for and naturally demands the best. This applies to the man not only who 
goes out to dine or banquet, but to him who takes his breakfast and dinner at 




Henry Kreiling & Sons Go's. Meat Stands 

home, and whose table must be supphed with first class viands only. The Kreil- 
ings supply such customers regularly and at the same time do not neglect any of 
their large and growing trade eleswehere. 

They have occupied their present quarters since the Liberty Market was 
opened ten years ago and are among the largest meat dealers of Western Penn- 
sylvania. The firm consists of Henry Kreiling, President and his two sons, 
Albert E., Secretary, and Harry G., Treasurer. 



Calhoon Provision Company 

The Calhoon Provision Company, S. E. 
Calhoon, proprietor, whose plant is at 625-627 
Lenora street, while not very long established, 
is one of the most up-to-date business places 
in the East End. It manufactures prime tal- 
lows and baking shortening, pays cash for 
fancy hides, tallow, pelts and butchers' fats, 
and solicits the patronage of those who have 
such products to sell. Mr. Calhoon has es- 
tablished an enviable trade among the best 
people of the East End and has a large cus- 
tom throughout the entire city. All interested 
in his line would do well do give him a call. 
Telephone, 4366, Highland. 




S. E. Calhoon 



146 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Joseph P. liilldorfer, Conimon Council- 
man from the Tenth ward. North Side, was 
born in the Eighth ward, North Side, in 
1871. He is the son of P. J. and Biirga Hill- 
dor fer and a splendid example of a self- 
made man. He had only eight months school- 
ing in the public schools and, when his father 
died in 1881, he began business for himself 
as a newsboy ; giving his mother his earnings 
to help her along and to save for him. Two 
years later he became errand boy for butch- 
ers in the Allegheny Market and so faithful 
and prompt was he that at the age of seven- 
ten he was placed in charge of the killing 
and dressing of meats at the Western Penn- 
sylvania Hospital, being the youngest per- 
son ever to hold that responsible position. 
In 1890 he went to Pittsburgh Market as an 
employee and three years later formed a 
partnership with John S. Wilson under the 
firm name of Wilson & Hilldorfer. The firm 
was dissolved in 1899 and the firm became 
that of Hilldorfer & Allman, which still 
continues. In 1890 he married Miss Alice 
Simpson of Latrobe and to this union have 
been born three children, Marie, Bennie and 
Alice. In February 1903, Mr. Hilldorfer 

was elected to Common Council from the Tenth ward, Allegheny, and he is a 
member of the Committees on Finance, Public Safety, Charities and Surveys, 
and is Chairman of the Sub-Committee on Health. He is a life member of 
Allegheny Lodge No. 339, B. P. O. Elks and a member of Pittsburgh Aerie, 
No. 76, Fraternal Order of Eagles. He is one of the substantial business men 
of his own city, made so by his own efforts, and, having served three terms as 
Common Councilman for the Tenth ward. North Side, he will be a possible 
candidate for Select Councilman from the Twenty-sixth ward of the Greater 
City. Mr. Hilldorfer, being the originator of the movement for Universal 
Iransfers for the Greater Pittsburgh, never misses an opportunity for urging 
such a measure for the benefit of the entire community. 




Joseph P. Hilldorfer 



Musical Pittsburgh 



Despite Commercial Tendencies the City Stands in tlie 
Front Rank in Music and Art. Brief Sketches of Mu- 
sicians, Musical Org-anizations and Music Concerns 



Side by side with Pittsburgh's marvelous industrial development and al- 
most in spite of it, has been fostered a love for music and the arts until this 
city is known wherever there is appreciation of the beautiful and enduring in 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



147 



tone and picture. Steel and symphony, mines and melody, seem strangs partners 



pioneers who came across 
songs of Wales, dermany, 



until one reads the struggles of the music-loving 
sea and mountains, carrying with them the folk 
England, Ireland and Scotland. 

How this inherent 
quality in a sturdy people 
has sprung into magnifi- 
cent development through 
long years of solicitude 
and oft-deferred hope, is 
exemplified in the Pitts- 
burgh Orchestra, an or- 
ganization which splendid- 
ly carries out the dreams 
of the fathers of music in 
this community. Besides 
this orchestra there are 
many other organizations 
which typify the high 
standard of Pittsburgh's 
musical culture and serve 
to tell the world that Vul- 
can in his off hours seeks 
the softer arts, all with a 
preference for that which 
is artistically sound. This 
was illustrated in the old 
Gounod Club and its suc- 
cessor, the Mozart Club 
and Art Society. 

Pittsburgh has given many musicians to the world besides making it pos- 
sible for such men as Archer, Herbert and Paur to still further give expression 
to their genius. In the popular sense two names stand out more prominently, 
Stephen Foster and Ethelbert Nevin, the first was a writer of heart-gripping 
homely songs that will live as long as the language endures, and the secorid a 
"tone poet." Foster's 'Old Kentucky Home," "Suanee Ribber," "Old Dog 
Tray," and "Massa's in the Cold, Cold Ground" will never grow old. 

In the long list of distinguished names the first to be named arn.>ng the 
pioneers of music is William Evens. He was an Englishman, born in 1784, was 
impressed on an English man-of-war in 1804; escaped at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 
in 1808; came to Pittsburgh in 1811 by wagon, taking twenty days for the trip. 
He began teaching vocal music, continuing to do so to almost the end of his life, 
in 1854. He conducted many singing schools, and had much to do in improving 
music in the church service. 

Historians owe him much because he collected newspaper and other clip- 
pings relating to local musical happenings. The scrap books he made are now 
in the Carnegie Library, and form almost the sole source of information con- 
cerning the history of music in Pittsburgh, during the first half of the last cen- 
tury. He also collected many volumes on general musical history and biography, 
which are also in the Carnegie Library. 

It seems a long way from the sturdy Evens to the time of the Mozart 
Club and the splendid concerts which are given in the Carnegie Institute, but the 
persistent growth is better understood v/hen one considers the men who came be- 




William Evens 



148 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



tween, Daeuble, Kleber, the Mellors, Tetedoux, Zitterbart, Pope, the Toerges, 
Gittings, Retter, and Foerster. Of course, in the scope of this paper it would 
be impossible to consider all the men and women who fanned and kept alive 
the spark of good music in a then small city on the western side of the Alle- 
ghanies, remote from the centers of culture anc;! in a young country. A running 
comment of some of these pioneers cannot but be inspiring to the student whose 
magnificent opportunities are in vivid contrast to the time when the bringing 
of a piano into this section was an epoch. 

At the close of the War of 1812, music seemed to be thriving in this county, 
if a glance at some of the old advertisements mean anything. Charles Rosen- 
baum had set himself up as a piano forte maker, while his business neighbor, 
Charles L. Volz, showed himself more versatile in meeting the demands of the 
town since he called attention to the fact that he had "a fine line of hardware, 
books, slates and violins." His son, Ferdinand Volz, became Mayor of Pitts- 
burgh in the 50's. Nathan Richardson, in 1816, was selling sheet music; all 
showing that the city was taking its first steps in the cultivation of an art on 
what seemed to be most barren and unpromising ground. 





John H. Mellor 



C. C. Mellor 



John H. Mellor, an Englishm.an started in the music business in this city 
December 1, 1831, the C. C. Mellor Company being a continuation of this firm. 
Mr. J. H. Mellor was organist of Trinity church from 1831 to 1858 and was at the 
head of various movements to increase interest in many phases of musical culture. 
Mr. Mellor's son, C. C. Mellor, is known as the "Dean of Pittsburgh Music 
Houses," and like his father, has devoted his life to public-spirited movements 
for the advancement of the highest in music and art. For many years he was 
organist of the First Presbyterian church then on Wood street, now on Sixth 
avenue, and was considered the best player and the highest authority on pipe or- 
gans in the city. C. C. Mellor was one of the original trustees of the Carnegie 
Institute, and is a warm personal friend of the great Iron Master. 

Among the pioneers whose names stand out prominently is Henry Kleber. 
He was the first man to publish music on this side of the Alleghany Mountains. 
Mr. Kleber came to Pittsburgh inl835 and his first public appearance was four 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



149 



years later when he assisted at a concert given by Madame Fabri. He taught 
piano and singing at Doctor Lacey's Seminary, was organist of St. Paul's 





S. C. Foster 



Henry Kleber 

cathedral, later presiding at the organ in the Third Presbyterian church. In 1841 
he established a music house. His name was long associated with the Old Drury 
Theater in Penn avenue. 

Theodore Daeuble the oldest 
living musical director in Alle- 
gheny county, came to this coun- 
try in 1855, settling in Allegheny 
in 1857. He was born in Zindel- 
fmger, Wurtemburg in 1829, 
and despite his years is active and 
enthusiastic to-day in musical af- 
fairs. I'or fifty years he has been 
connected with St. John's German 
Lutheran church, Madison ave- 
nue. North Side, first as director 
of the choir, and later as trustee. 
His other activities included the 
directorship of Aurora Quartette, 
Odd Fellows Saengerbund, Ce- 
celia Maennorchor, Concordia 
Maennorchor, and the Beethoven 
Maenerchor. The Concordia 
Maennerchor had a membership 
of forty and was one of the first 
in Allegheny county. The Ce- 
celia is the only one of these or- 
ganizations now in existence. In 
Theodore Daeuble " 1897 the socictics Celebrated Mr. 




150 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Daetible's birthday by giving him a gold headed cane with the names of tlie 
organizations inscribed on it. 

Adolph Knauff organized the Teutonia 
Maennechor while Robert Bloom formed a 
society which bore his name. Between these 
organizations and those under the directorship 
of Air. Daeuble there was a great rivalry. 
Later Mr. Daeuble was assistant director un- 
der Franz Lohnian. Mr. Daeuble is still a 
trustee of St. John's church. During his more 
active musical days he took a part in all the 
big Saengerfests. 

J. William Pope was active in music in 
the county when the nineteenth century was 
yet young, being chiefly noted as a writer 
of songs and also poems. He was born in 
Pittsburgh March 10, 1827 and still lives here. 
His work had a wide scope inasmuch as he 
was a campaign singer as well as appearing 
in churches. He was a bass singer with a 
great upper register, singing from conta "C" 
to "A" flat in the upper register, more than 
two octaves and a half. He is well and hearty 
to-day. 




J. William Pope 



Clement Tetedoux will be held in re- 
mebrance as the finest and most artistic 
vocal teacher Pittsburgh has ever had. 
Soon after coming to Pittsburgh in 1857 
he gathered about him large classes. Pie 
was organist for the Cantata society 
about 1858 and great throngs came to 
hear his concerts at the opening of Lib- 
erty Hall in 1871. This hall was then the 
center of all things artistic and musical 
during that period. He is chiefly known, 
however, for his work in organizing the 
Gounod Club and which not only gave 
con certs under his direction but operas 
as well. Under his direction were given 
"Norma," "Martha," Bohemian Girl," 
"La Traviata," and "Girofle-Girofla." 

Thomas F. Kirk, Sr., a native of 
Pittsburgh, born October 6, 1842, is the 
oldest active music teacher in Pittsburgii. 
He was director of St. Paul's Cathedral 
choir for several years. He organized 
and conducted the Philharmonic So- 




Clement Tetedoux 




THE GREAT WESTERN BAND 

The members of the Great Western Band, as indicated by numbers in the 
above picture, were as follows : 



1, Herman Rentz 

2, Dewald Geiger 

3, Joesph Rauff 

4, William Specht 

5, Andrew Voig-ht 

6, George Leppig 

7, Herman Rottkay 

8, John Schubait 

9, Adolph Ludwig 

10, Ferdinand Deitz 



11, George Lerch 22, 

12, Charles B. Weis 23, 

13, Phillip Weis 24, 

14, John Weis 25, 

15, Balthasar Weis 26, 

16, Gotthart Kscheir 27, 

17, AVilliam Ruhe 28, 

18, Louis Bartel 29, 

19, Jacob Friesel 30, 

20, W. Freiebershauser 31, 

21, Charles Alborn 



Charles Heim 
Daniel Leach 
Ben Kellers 
John Frey 
Fred Ronigk 
Albert Schuman 
Jacob Goddard 
Jacob Rohr 
Oswald Weber 
John Oberhausser 



152 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Thomas F. Kirk, Sr. 

came its leader. The 'members 
thasar Weis, director ; Phillip 
Louis Zitterbart, William Fehl, 
Charles Hein, Charles Alborn, 
Gustav Beck, George Wessel 
George Rentz. All of these are 



ciety and the Pittsburgh Musical Club. 
Pie directed many choirs, orchestras and 
local amateur opera choruses. He or- 
ganized and was director of the famous 
G. A. R. Band ("President McKinley's 
Own") in Canton, Ohio, where he re- 
sided for nearly three years, returning 
again to this city. 

Young's Band, the first professional 
musical organization in Pittsburgh, was 
formed in 1852. Its members went to 
the Civil War in 1862, as volunteers, 
becoming the band of the Twelfth Regi- 
ment. In 1865 the name was changed 
to the Great Western Band and a charter 
secured by Balthasar Weis, who be- 
of the band when chartred were as follows : Bal- 
Blumenschein, Julius Moore, Joseph Plartel, 
Jacob Rohr, Christoph Specht, Adolph Ludwig, 
Peter Peck, Phillip Kalkhof, Albert Schuman, 
Dev\^ald Geiger, Oswald Weber, Herman Rentz, 
now dead except Herman Rentz. 

The band gained a great reputation between Philadelphia and Chicago. In 
fact, there was a strong rivalry existing between it and the foremost Philadephia 
bands and the few members of the organization still living take great pride 
in recounting its triumphs in great parades in Philadelphia. 

Charles B. Weis, the manager of the band and the oldest son of Balthasar 
Weis, has also been instructor and director of the orchestra at the Holy Ghost 
College for the past twenty-five years and is a member of the orchestra of one 
of the leading local theaters. 

Few men have had a more potent influence on the musical history of the 
city than the Toerge brothers. They had the first prominent orchestra in this 
city, George being the director and Fred the concertmeister. These brothers 
made a stand for good music in Pittsburgh and solidified into an earnest move- 
ment what had been more or less sporadic attempts at faithfulness to the classic 
works. Old time Pittsburghers will recall George Toerge's prominent part in 
the old Liberty Hall concerts and the Gounod society operas. When the late 
Clement Tetedoux organized the Guonod club, the Toerges orchestra furnished 
the music. The Toerge quartets brought chamber music up to a high standard, 
their first concerts being given in Hamilton Hall in Fifth avenue. Fred Toerge 
was known to thousands as the leader of the Alvin theater orchestra. 

The brothers often appeared at the home of Andrew Carnegie, and the steel 
master and George Toerge always addressed each other by their first names. The 
Toerges were often assailed by doubts as to the future of music hereabouts, but 
their fears have happily not been realized. 

Franz Lohman was a prominent instructor and musical director who was 
very actively engaged at the same time as Tetedoux and the Gounod Club. He 
was the only man Pittsburgh ever had who produced with local talent standard 
German operas, regarded as quite elaborate for that period. 




J*^ 



a S 



^mk 






_— ««sa# zxl^ 


















Q 

H 

2 o 
fc bo 

■^ -& 
Q "S 

^^ 
<A OS 

^ .2 
xn c 

H .a 
in ^ 

I' 

Pi 

w 
o 



iJ5-«^K 









154 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Born in Pittsburgh, Fidelis Zitterbart has done 
much for his home city. He comes honestly by 
his love of music, his father having been the first 
musical director in the Drury theater in Penn ave- 
nue, holding that post for 25 years. 

At the age of sixteen he went to Dresden, 
where, under good masters, he spent several years 
in studying the violin, piano and composition. Re- 
turning to this country, he became actively engaged 
with various orchestras, among them being the 
New York and Brooklyn Philharmonic Societies, 
besides being a member of the Onslow (Jviuitet 
Club. For a year he was Kapell-Meister of the 
Strakosch Opera Company and for three seasons 
he was a first violin in the Theodore Thomas' Con- 
cert tours. 

In 1873, he returned to Pittsburgh, where he 
has been located ever since. He is now engaged in 
teaching music, but when his time is not thus oc- 
cupied, he is almost certain to be busy with his pen. The result is a very large 
collection of compositions of nearly every description for nearly all instruments 
and combinations of instruments. 

His overture, "Richard III," for grand orchestra, and piano composition, 
"Caprice Humoresque," were awarded prizes in the competition held under the 
auspices of the Art Society of Pittsburgh and the former work was rendered by 
the Pittsburgh Orchestra, Victor Herbert, conductor, at a concert given the sea- 
son before last. 

His Symphonic Poem, "A Sailor's Life," was produced in this city, and a 
number of his smaller orchestral pieces are now being used throughout the 
country. 

His Operetta, "Hans and Grethel," was produced under the auspices of the 
German Library Association in Pittsburgh. 

Another member of the Gounod club who achieved distinction was Paul 




Fidelis Zitterbart 





Paul Boehme 



S. Stuart Colville 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



155 



Boehme, a baritone. He was a member of Trinity Episcopal church and was the 
first person to play the chimes there. He was a pupil of Clement Tetedeoux, and 
in the 70's became identified with the Gounod club, taking the baritone role in 
several operas, such as the count in "II Travitore," Devilshoof in the "Bohemian 
Girl," and Plunket in "Martha." 

A leading tenor in the early 70's was S. Stuart Colville, brother of Mrs. J. 
Sharp McDonald. He studied under Professor Tetedeoux and was considered the 
best lyric tenor of his time. He was a soloist in the Gounod club, and in operatic 
work assumed such roles as Thaddeus in "Bohemian Girl," and Marquis in the 
"Chimes of Normandy." In 1881 he went to New York city and was tenor in 
Holy Trinity Protestant Episcopal church, in Brooklyn, Dudley Buck being at 
that time leader and organist. He died in New Nork November 25, 1894, and 
his body was laid at rest in the cemetery at Sewickley. During this same time 
Paul Zimmerman was the great dramatic tenor of this section. 





Paul Zimmerman 



Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald 



The record of Mrs. J. Sharp McDonald as a vocalist is long and brilliant. 
She made her first public appearance when she was thirteen, and since then has 
been a familiar figure on the concert stage. Under the tulelage of Professor 
Tetedeoux she made her appearance as a star in the Gounod Club productions, 
appearing in such roles as Leonora in "II Travitore," Serpolette in the "Chimes 
of Normandy," and soloist in the "Messiah," "Elijah," "St. Paul," and "The Cre- 
ation," and other oratorios. For several years she was identified with the Mozart 
Club. Mrs. McDonald is leader of the choir of Gen. Alex Hays Post 3, G. A. R., 
and for thirty-three years has never missed being with the Veterans on Memorial 
Day. She is known as "Comrade Bob," and is the proud wearer of a G. A. R. 
badge. Mrs. McDonald has ben identified with church choirs and vocal organ- 
izations, and was the directress of an orchestra. She is well known for her char- 
itable work in Sewickley. 



156 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Jean Wallace-Webster was in her 
prime perhaps the best-known soprano 
in this part of the country, being ac- 
tively engaged in concert, oratorio and 
song recitals. Some of the older gen- 
erations recall with pleasure of hear- 
ing her in prominent churches, while 
others still are enthusiastic about the 
leading soprano roles she took in 
many of the grand operas given under 
local auspices. 

For thirty years the INlozart Club, 
succeeding the Gounod Club, has pros- 
ecuted the study of the great choral 
productions of the world's best com- 
posers. At the beginning there were 
26 members and their enthusiasm and 
willingness to defray the expenses of 
Jean Wallace Webster the Organization did much to lay the 

groundwork for the club's future suc- 
cess. The "Gloria," from Mozart's 
"Twelfth Mass," and Sullivan's ora- 
torio, "The Prodigal Son," were given 
at the first performance. 

In 1886, the society was incorpor- 
ated. After this year the members 
were accompanied by an orchestra. 
The Boston Symphony and the 
Thomas Orchestra gave concerts un- 
der the auspices of the society, and 
after 1897 the Pittsburgh Orchestra 
has furnished the acompaniments. 
The ever-increasing excellence of the 
programs given were made possible by 
financial assistance from Andrew Car- 
negie, Robert Pitcairn, George West- 
inghouse, Mrs. C. L. Magee, Mrs. 
William Thaw, William McConway, 
Andrew W. Mellon, Robert B. Mellon, james p. McCoiium 

Henry C. Frick, James M. Guffey, 

William I. Mustin, Charles M. Schwab, George B. Hill, Charles J. Clarke, H. M. 
V. Curry, and James H. Reed. For thirty years James P. McCollum has been 
director, and John Pritchard has presided at the piano for twenty-seven years, 
a marvelous record. Mr. McCollum is chairman of the Music committee of the 
Sesqui Centennial. 



■ 


^v 


HBflmfe.- ''.T^^«BI 


Ift^^^l 


F'l 


K^^l 


I^Mfl^^^^fl 


^ 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



157 




Adolph M. Foerster 



Ranking high among Pittsburgh's composers is 
Atiolph M. Foerster, who was born in this city about 
fifty-four years ago. From 1872, until 18/5, he 
studied at the Conservatory of Leipsig. On his re- 
turn he taught voice culture and harmony at the 
Conservatory of Music, at Fort Wayne, Ind. After 
a year at this work, he came to Pittsburgh where he 
has since devoted himself to teaching and composi- 
tion. His Symphonic Poem, "Thusnelda," has been 
given in this country and abroad by prominent or- 
chestras. Another noted production was the Festi- 
val March performed at the May Festival of 1891. 
For two years he conducted the Symphonic Society. 
He is still writing songs and orchestral works and 
has gained a national reputation. 

The name of Henry Holdship should ever shine 
brio-htlv on the record of those early years. He was president of the Sym- 
pho^nic Society and an ardent co-worker of the Art Scoiety which m later years 
became potent in the city's musical affairs. 

Of a later period was Carl 
Retter, who did great work in the 
advancement of the art to which 
his life was devoted. He was a fine 
pianist and established a large 
class, meeting with much success 
from the start. Mr. Retter, in his 
great enthusiasm, was determined 
that this city should hear great ar- 
tists. He brought the finest mu- 
sicians who happened to be in this 
country, to Pittsburgh to appear at 
the May festivals, and did much to 
pave the way for the instrumental 
progress that culminated in the 
formation of the Pittsburgh Or- 
chestra in 1905. He was an inde- 
fatigable worker, and his piano re- 
citals and concerts, with _ large 
chorus and orchestra, gave this dis- 
trict a foretaste of what was to 
come. He was organist for many 
years at the Synagogue, the Third 

Presbyterian and St. Andrews ^ • .u 

churches. He organized the Symphonic Society, took a large part m the 
"Messiah" production of 1878, and was in subsequent festivals associated with 
Theodore Thomas and Anton Seidl. i • ^ • 

Mrs Agnes Vogel Roberts is one of the best known soprano soloists m 
Pittsburgh, having appeared with biggest stars of country at many Festivals. 
At the age of eight she had a remarkable command of the piano, and at tour- 
teen she was the soloist at St. Augustine's church. When her parents re- 
moved to Erie, she continued her studies there under Robert Henkler. in 
1884, she sang in the Erie Opera house, in Lorzing's opera. Czar and Carpen- 
ter " She returned to Pittsburgh in 1885 and, at first, was contralto soloist at 
Christ Methodist Episcopal church, later going to Grace Reformed church, 




Carl Retter 



158 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Mrs. Agnes Vogel Roberts 




Joseph Vogel 

and accepted a call afterwards for the Calvary Protestant Episcopal church, 
in the East End. In 1890, she studied under Madame Henrietta Beebe-Law- 
ton, in New York, being later engaged for Mozart club concerts, appearing in 
a number of oratorios. Mrs. Vogel-Roberts won much praise for her artistic 
work in the Milwaukee, Cincinnati and Pittsburgh Saengerfests. 

Joseph Vogel, a brother of Mrs. Vogel-Roberts, is remembered as the 
finest tenor of his time, having assisted as soloist in the Alay festivals and 
many of the really big musical affairs here. 

One of the greatest American com- 
posers of the lyric school, Ethelbert Nevin, 
spent the greater part of his life in Pitts- 
burgh, a member of one of the old families 
in this section. Notwithstanding his great 
gifts he had produced not more than thirty 
works at the time of his death. Mr. Nevin 
was a follower of the school of Schubert, 
Schumann and Eranz, and has been termed 
the "Chopin of America." He was born in 
Edgeworth, Pa., and at the age of thirteen 
had written a serenade, "Good-Night, 
Good-Night, Beloved." He studied under 
Klindworth in Berlin for three years. Von 
Bulow being his next master. He returned 
to America, settling in Boston. He went to 
Paris in 1892, and from there to Algiers, 
later spending considerable time in Venice. 
He then returned to Pittsburgh, making his 
home at "Vineacre," the Nevin home at Se- 
. wickley. "Narcissus" and "My Rosary" 

are two of his best-known works. Arthur 
Nevin, a younger brother, is also a composer, being now abroad. 




MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



159 



Coming from Philadelphia, in 1882, Ada Sampson 
Thomas has long been identified with instruction. 
She follows the old Italian method of singing, hav- 
ing been taught by Etore Barila, Adelina Patti's 
elder brother and trainer. She was coached in ora- 
torio work by Michael Cross, a famous trainer in 
his time. She made a specialty of oratorios and has 
sung with the leading societies of this city. For 
years she was the soprano in the Shadyside Presby- 
terian church. A number of her pupils have won 
distinction in concert and choir work. 




Ada Sampson Thomas 



Stimulating music and 
painting, the thirty-four 
years of the Art Society 
span a period of extraordi- 
nary advance. This has 
been the medium through 
which the Fathers of 
Greater Pittsburgh have 
brought tangible encour- 
agement to local musicians 
and painters, and which 
has jealously maintained 
a high artistic standard 
for more than a half mil- 
lion people. Not only by 
offering prizes with the 
greatest critics as judges 
does it hearten the musical 
composer, but through its 
greatest offspring, the 
Pittsburgh Orchestra, it 
transplants, amid the roar 
of furnaces, the highest 
type of music. The twen- 
ty-eighth National Saeng- 
erfest, held in Pittsburgh, 
in June, 1896, marks some- 
what of an artistic epoch 
for the city, as with this 
gathering came the im- 
pulse which helped to 
bring about the orchestra. 
To Charles W. Scovel, for years secretary of the Art Society, is given the credit 
of boldly and successfully attcking the difficulties that hedged about the problem 
when he raised the money to establish the guarantee fund. In this connection 
the long and faithful services rendered by Beveridge AVebster must be accorded 
proper recognition. He wrote the resolutions by which the Art Society estab- 
lished the orchestra on a practical working basis, being for four years chairman 
of the Art Society's Music committee, and later of the Orchestra commit- 




Frederic Archer 



160 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



tee. In 1894, he founded the Pittsburgh Conservatory of Music, which moved 
into its new^ building ten years later. When the Art Society founded the or-- 
chestra, in 1905, the late Frederic Archer, who had been called to establish free 
organ recitals at the Carnegie Library for the first time, was proving that the 
city had gained an accomplished musician. He was made the first conductor 
of the orchestra, laying the foundation for the splendid triumphs that the years 
were to unfold. Victor Herbert succeeded, as conductor, coming with the or- 
ganization in the fall of 1898 and leaving it in the spring of 1904, maintaining 
a high standard and establishing its popularity throughout the United States. 
The administration of Emil Paur, the present conductor, began at the outset 
of the season of 1904-5. The public-spirited citizens of Pittsburgh guarantee 
the expenses of the orchestra, directing all expenditures with but one thing in 
view — the highest quality of interpretation. Most of the home concerts of the 
orchestra are given in the beautiful music hall of the Carnegie Institute, Schen- 
ley Park. 





Geo. H. Wilson 



Victor Herbert 



For twelve years the orchestra and Art Society were under the executive 
management of George H. Wilson, formerly identified with the Boston and 
Chicago orchestras. He died in March, 1908. His efficient management was 
one of the great contributing sources to the orchestra's success. W. L. Moss- 
man and Mr. Paur very appropriately placed a Requiem on the last pair of or- 
chestra concerts, drawing from Wagner, the master Mr. Wilson loved so well. 
Samuel liamilton was a basso and choir director for rhany 
years in his early manhood. He founded the first juvenile 
orchestra in this city. Mr. Hamilton was musical director for 
most of the large religious gatherings, conventions and the 
great meetings which Dwight L. Aloody held during the past 
twenty-five years. He was one of the early active members 
of the Mozart and other musical clubs, and was a guarantor 
of the Pittsburgh Orchestra and active in the development of 
musical art in its various phases throughout his life. In 1870 
Mr. Hamilton founded a music house and was its head until 
his death in February, 1908, He was born in Pittsburgh and 




Samuel Hamilton 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



161 




passed the sixty-three years of his life as a resident of this city. 

A man who has left his impress 
on musical Pittsburgh is Joseph H. 
Gittings. Mr. Gittings labored at a time 
when things were largely in a formative 
state, the present development being 
considered. Like Mr. Retter, he did 
much to bring artists of renown to this 
city. He was prominently identified 
with the National and State Music 
Teachers' Association, and was chiefly 
noted for his skill at the piano, acting as 
accompanist for the Guonod club. As 
director of the musical department of 
the Pennsylvania College for Women, 
Mr. Gittings had a wide influence in 
musical affairs. He organized and 
directed the Classical Trio Club. He 
played with Godowsky and other emi- 
nent pianists who visited Pittsburgh 
from time to time. The list of musicians 
brought here under Mr. Gittings' man- 
agement is a formidable one, including 
Joseph H. Gittings D'Albert, Sarastc de Pachman, Adelina 

Patti, Companari, Campanini, Stankowitch, Trebelli, Yasaye, Gerardy, Moritz, 
Rosenthal and Paderewski, all at his own risk and often at his own loss. Pitts- 
burgh has much reason to be grateful to Mr. Gittings. For twenty years he was 
organist at the Third Presbyterian church. 

Musical Pittsburgh, past and present, 

marshals up a host of names. These include 
Simeon Bissell, who was an instructor in a 
female college in Eighth street, and was Pitts- 
burgh correspondent for the Musical Courier ; 
Jean Manns, the author of a piano method; 
Mary Scott, contralto; Mrs. Anna Wood- 
ward, soprano; Edward H. Dermitt, bass; 
Louis Brecht, baritone ; W. B. Edwards, bass ; 
Mrs. Loheide, soprano. Old-time teachers in- 
clude such as Carl Grebe, Gustav Blessner, 
Henry Roebuck, Victor De Haan, and Phillip 
Dornberger. Other names standing high in 
local annals are those of John Vogel promi- 
nently identified with German singing socie- 
ties; Belle Tomer, Rosa Scharschmidt (con- 
tralto), Emma Bingler, Madame Grabowski, 
Grace D. Brennan, John Strauss, Jack Horner, 
Carl Maeder, violin; Theodore Salmon, vio- 
linist; Grace Miller Ward, Irene Sample, Dan 
Bullock, Carrie Angel Baker, Mrs. Dr. Fred- 
erick Fricka, soprano; J. Donald Balfe, bar- 
itone; Sarah C. Vogel, soprano; Mrs. Dr. 
Walters, Senor Gilli, voice teacher; Elizabeth 
Corey, sister of President Corey, of the 




Simeon Bissell 



162 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



United States Steel Corporation; Dr. W. T. English, Henry P. Eckert, for ten 
years city organist in Allegheny ; the Gernert-Brothsrs, John and Charles ; Frank 
Thnnia, pianist ; Theodore Rentz, Mary Rook-Wilczeli, violinist and concert mis- 
tress of the Fadette Orchestra ; John T. Irwin, violin. 





Madame Kate Ockleston-Lippa 



Mrs. Dr. Fred Fricka. who devoted most 
of her talent as a singer to charity 



Madame Kate Ockleston-Lippa, an Englishwoman by birth, who, as a stu- 
dent, gained the King's Prize at the Royal Conservatory at Leipsig, and after- 
wards was solo pianist with distinguished orchestras abroad as well as the Pitts- 
burgh Orchestra, has always stood for that which is highest in music and art in 
this city. She took the Art Society's medal and a diploma in the first competition 
of composers in 1893 and in the same year was elected representative of the 
women of Western Pennsylvania to the Chicago Exposition, where she gave a 
brilliant recital. Much of her time is devoted to lecture recitals with original 
interpretative. sketches. She brought the music department at the Stuart Mitchell 
school up to a high standard of efficiency. She is organist of the First Unitarian 
church. "The Canadian Love Song and Gavotte" for piano," "The Prize Song," 
and "Carnegie March" for grand organ, are the best-known of her works. 

A well known and prominent figure in local 
musical affairs is W. L. Mayer, Director of the 
Music Department of the West Penn Institute 
for the Blin'd. He was born in Richmond, Va., 
and has been actively engaged in church-organ 
work in and about this city since 1879. Mr. Mayer 
has been musical director for a number of Ger- 
man singing societies during the past sixteen 
years. He is concert-organist of the Carnegie Li- 
brary, Braddock, and director of the Braddock 
Choral Union. He was the promoter and organ- 
izer of the only proposition of its kind in America, 
a concert band in connection with the Braddock 
Carnegie Library, the object of which is to edu- 
cate musician and public alike with no charge 
whatever to the audiences. Mr. Mayer reorgan- 
ized the Pittsburgh Musical Society during 1906 
and 1907, placing the organization in fine quar- 




W. L. Mayer 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



163 



ters, whereas, when he took charge, it was in debt and much disorganized. 
His retirement from the presidency of this organization was the cause of great 
regret. He is a member of the music committee of the Sesqui -Centennial. 

It is almost trite to 
say that the melodies 
written by Stephen C. 
Foster are known the 
world over. Their simple 
appeal has brought tears 
to the eyes of millions. 
Foster was born in this 
city, July 4, 1826, in the 
old homestead at the junc- 
tion of Butler and Thirty- 
-fourth streets, and lived 
for several years at South 
Diamond and Sandusky 
streets, Allegheny, now 
North Side, Pittsburgh. 
He was musically preco- 
cious, for at sixteen he 
wrote "Open Thy Lattice, 
Love." Although Pitts- 
burgh was his home, the 
scene of his birth and 
burial, Foster did not 
spend his whole life here. 
In 1848 he went to Cin- 
cinnati to become a book- 
keeper, but uncongenial 
toil could not keep him 
from song writing. In 
Cincinnati he wrote, "Oh 
Susannah," and "Old Uncle Ned." The latter song he gave to W. C. Peters 
who made $10,000 out of it. He saw then the money to be made fromhis tal- 
ents and entered a contract with Frish, Pond & Company for the publications 
of his writings by which he was to receive three cents a copy on his works. 
About that time he married Miss Jane D. McDowell. Later on he returned to 
this city where he wrote "Old Folks at Home," "Old Dog Tray," "My Old 
Kentucky Home," and "Massa's in the Cold, Cold Ground." Foster died in 
New York, in 1864, and was brought home to be buried. At his funeral in the 
Allegheny cemetery a quartette composed of Henry and August Kleber, Emile 
Foerster, and Sig. Giamboni, sang at his grave. 

Harry B. Brockett was born in Pittsburgh and was a 
pupil of Lamperti, in Dresden, returning to this country in 
1889. He has since been actively engaged as tenor i,o!oist 
and instructor of voice. Pie has held many promiri.ent 
church positions, among which were Calvary Protestant 
Episcopal, Dudley Buck's church, Brooklyn, and Christ 
Protestant Episcopal church, Pittsburgh. Mr. Brockett has 
sung all the prominent oratorios. He is a member of the 
music committee of the Mozart Club. His studio is 414 
Sixth avenue. 

H. B. Brockett 




Home of Stephen C. Foster 




164 



MUSICAL PITTvSBURGH 




It must not be lost sight of that the Western Penn- 
sylvania Exposition Society has done much to further 
good music in this city. It was started in 1889 by 1,000 
persons subscribing $100 each, in this manner securing 
v$l 1,000 necessary for building a fund, these subscriptions 
giving" to the business and professional men a life mem- 
bership and entitling them to free admission to the ex- 
position. The rest was raised by bonds. It pays no divi- 
dends, any surplus being expended in improvements. It 
is the only permanent annual exposition in the United 
States. During the eight weeks in the fall of the year, 
when it opens its doors to the public, Pittsburgh has the 
great opportunity of hearing by the greatest orchestras and bands in the coun- 
try, four concerts daily at only 25 cents. It was opened by the Great Western 
Band which played four weeks. Then came Innes, Ellis Brooks, Levy, Cab- 
ba's Seventh Regiment, Brook of Chicago, Bellestead and numerous Italian 
bands, perhaps the most prominent of which was Creatore. Sousa has played 
continuously each season for twelve years. The great orchestras of the coun- 
try which perform from one to two weeks each season, have been Damrosch, 
Emil Paur, Herbert and Frederick Stock, with the Chicago Orchestra. T. J. 
Fitzpatrick has been with this institution for twenty years and for the last 
twelve years has devoted his entire time to the exposition. 



T. J. Fitzpatrick 



The Tuesday Musical Club 

A small coterie of Pittsburgh and Allegheny women laid the foundation, in 
1891, of the Tuesday Musical Club, which has grown to be one of the largest 







;|^f-'" 


'"•'':^' '^ ' ■' "»■- 




' "^-""' "^';. .■ ' 


,,:. t. .« ^i 




#^^- 


'''' 9 V 


://-" ■., ^-.--~w 


% 




^/ 3 


JZ 






\ \. 


1 


W' " 


f 


■ 


1 


- ; ■ ,. V 


,■ ■^'^ 


s^ " '■ • 


1- 



GROUP OP WELL-KNOWN MUSIC LOVERS 
Taken at the home of C. C. Mellor about forty years ago. 



1, Carl Retter 

2, Fred Bussman 

3, Charles W. Scovel 

4, John Q, Everson 



5, Charles D. Carter 

6, Jas. McH. Reinhart 

7, Clement Tetedoux 

8, H. H. Hoene 

9, Harvey Patterson 



10, George Hetzel 
the artist. 

1 1, Harry Algeo 

12, William Orr 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



165 



musical organizations in the country. The first fortnightly meetings were at- 
tended by probably not more than twenty to twenty-five members. Ihese meet- 
ines were quite informal and confined to members, who took part m the pro- 
grams In its second year the club met at "The Maples," the residence of Mrs. 
Chri^^topher Lyman Magee, and with her aid the club took a mighty stride xor- 
wa-d A chorus class was formed and is under the direction of James vStepnen 
M'.rtin An associate membership and a student membership has now oeen 
formed An annual concert is given for some charity, and., for_ the past l.vo 
years a committe gives recitals each month in charitable institutions. A fund 
known as the Altruistic Fund has been formed for the assistance of young 
women who are struggling to get a musical education. Ihe membership is 58J, 
of which 200 are active and 383 associate. Many women of social prominence 
have served as officers, Miss Julia Morgan Harding held the presidency from 
1891 to 1895 and her successors in office have been Mrs. Christopher Lyman 
Mao-ee Mrs Lawrence Litchfield, Miss Anne Phillips, and Mrs. Charles Batch- 
elor McLean. Mrs. Frederick W. McKee is the club's secretary. 

This is the thirteenth season of the Apollo Club. Three concerts are given 
for the associate members each season, the best vocal and instrumental soloists 
in the country being engaged to assist the organization at these concerts^ bixty 
men constitute the active members, the associate members numbering 490. A 
feature of the present season's work will be a cantata for solo_ voices, chorus, or- 
chestra and grand organ. The present officers of the club are: Dr. A. R^ 
Matheny, president; Rinehart Mayer, director; Dr. E. M. Davis, secretary and 
trG3, surer, 

John Duss, of Economy, Pa., came as a striking figure in the annals of this 
district The surviving trustee of the community of Economy and a millionaire, 
his efforts to further popularize music in the county, before his national tours as 
a band leader, were unusual and picturesque. He gave many band concerts m 
the squares and parks of the city. 

James Stephen Martin came from Chicago in 
1893, and established himself in this community as a 
voice teacher. He has ben very_ active in matters per- 
taining to vocal art, being the director of the Pitts- 
burgh Male Chorus, Tuesday Musical Club Choral 
(women's voices), and the East Liberty Presbyterian 
church choir. Many singers in the choirs of local 
churches have studied with Mr. Martin. His studio is 
at 6201 Walnut street, East End. 

The Pittsburgh Male Chorus was founded 
in the fall of 1906, for the purpose of creating 
a permanent organization in a new field of 
musical endeavor in this city, for the study 
and public rendition of serious works and part- 
songs for male voices. The active membership of the 
club is limited to eighty, largely composed of singers 
from the leading church choirs, and is made up of 
physicians, lawyers, office and business men, and mill _ . 

workers. James Stephen Martin was selected as musical director and m its 
brief existence the organization has become widely known. The directors are: 
D Stanley Harris, James Stephen Martin, W. B. Lawton, J. A. Wood, }r 
Stephen C. Mason, Edward Vaughan, W. E. Porter, John A. Hibbard, Lacy S. 
McKeever, David Stephens, John Chappell and R. A. Smart. 




James S. Martin 



166 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Ring-wait Choir Union and Alleg-heny Musical Association 

The Ringwalt Choir Union has been in existence for twenty-two years 
and is actively engaged in giving glees, madrigals, part-songs, excerpts from 
light and standard operas and cantatas. It has done much for charity. 




Pittsburgh Conservatory of Music 

The Allegheny Musical Association was formed in 1889 and continued for 
fourteen years, giving in all sixty-one concerts, oratorios, and miscellaneous 
programs, in Carnegie Hall, Allegheny. It was a mixed chorus of one hun- 
dred voices. Its director, W. F. Lafferty, once assistant to Dr. Palmer in New 
York, is now director of the Orpheus Club, an organization of forty select 
male voices, in Bellevue and Avalon. 

Miss Gertrude Clark, soprano, received most of 
her musical education at the New England Con- 
servatory, Boston. After leaving the Conservatory, 
Miss Clark sang for a short time at the First Presby- 
terian church of New Castle, Pa., after which she 
came to Pittsburgh, becoming soprano soloist at St. 
Andrew's Protestant Episcopal church. She is now 
soloist at the Second Presbyterian church. Miss 
Clark has appeared with the Damrosch, Herbert, 
and Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestras, and has also 
sung with the Mozart Club of this city, the Indian- 
apolis Choral Society, the Rubenstein Club, of Cleve- 
land, and the Syracuse Musical Society, of Syracuse, 
N. Y. The oratorios in which this singer has been 
heard are Haydn's "Creation" and Mendelsshon's 
"Elijah." Her studio is at Colonial apartments. 

Miss Gertrude Clark Craft avcnUC. 





STl^^^HI 




i-> ^IH 




%.- ..».. ^H 




fe'4-, '-^ '^K 




^^^^ ^H 




f^>^^ -' m 


^^^HHIBbk .^ 




^^HRi ^ 








^^^I^HifflK^'^ 




^^I^H^'' 





MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



167 



Miss Qlive Wheat, soprano and voice teacher, was born 
n Belleplain, Iowa, and received instruction from some of 
the leading teachers of the country. She has sung in con- 
cert in almost every State in the Union while entour with 
the Schubert Ladies. Miss Wheat has been a soloist m the 
oratorios of "The Creation," "Ehjah," "Messiah," etc., and 
also with a number of organizations, including the Pitts- 
burgh Male Chorus and the Tuesday Musical Club Choral. 
Miss's Wheat is now soloist at the Emory Methodist Epis- 
copal church. Her studio is at 307 Wallace building. 




Miss Olive Wheat 





Miss Winifred Reahard 



Miss Adele Reahard 



Miss Winifred Reahard has been 
for some time contralto soloist in the 
choir of the Point Breeze Presbyterian 
church. Prior to this engagement she 
held a similar position in the choirs of 
the Sixth United Presbyterian church 
and Christ Methodist Episcopal church. 
Aside from church singing her time is 
largely taken up with concert work. 

Miss Adele Reahard, teacher of 
piano and harmony, for a number of 
years has been engaged in instructing 

.— - "- pupils in this city. Much of her time is 

taken up with concerts and recitals. She makes a specialty of accompanying, 
having played for many of the best singers, teachers and violimsts. Miss Rea- 
hard's studio is at 329 Pacific avenue. 

W. Yeatman Griffith, 
"basso cantante," was 
born in Cincinnati, receiv- 
ing his musical education 
there and in Germany. 
His first big appearance 
was with the Cincinnati 
Orchestra under the direc- 
tion of Mr. Vander- 
stucken. He has sung be- 
fore many prominent 
musical organizations, 
and will sing one of the 
oratorios in New York 
City this winter. He has 

sung the "Messiah," and .^ , ^/r • 

"The Seasons," and has appeared before the Mozart Club, the Tuesday Musi- 
cal Club and the Edgeworth Club, of Sewickley. 

• Mrs W Yeatman Griffith was born m Hamilton, O., and, m 1894, her par- 
ents moved to Cincinnati, where she continued her studies She was a soloist 
at the Cincinnati May Festival, under the direction of Theodore Thomas, m 
18^8 In 1901 Mr and Mrs. Griffith came to Pittsburgh, Mr. Griffith being en- 
gaged as bass' soloist at the Third Presbyterian church. He later became di- 





W. Yeatman Griffith 



Mrs. W. Yeatman Griffith 



16S 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



rector of the choir of the Sixth United Presbyterian church, his wife being so- 
prano in the same choir. In the recitals given by husband and wife, Mrs. Grif- 
fith accompanies the entire program and assists her husband, also, in studio 
work. The residence studios of the Griflfiths are at No. 822 South Negley ave- 
nue. 

Among the voice instructors of the city who re- 
ceived their training abroad is Miss Anne Griffiths, 
who studied under leading masters in England. She 
was also a pupil of Mrs. Brown, of New York. Miss 
Griffiths has qualifications for instruction in all 
branches of vocal art. She was assistant to B. N. 
Foley, in Cincinnati, and conducted a large class in 
Dayton, O. She has appeared with the leading mu- 
sical clubs of the country. For several years she has 
been soprano in the Shadyside Presbyterian church. 
Her studio is at 5535 Ellsworth avenue. 'Phone, 
Highland, 1383 (Bell.) 

MihS Anne Griffiths 

Sent to Germany at the age of twelve to study, 
Franz Kohler, violinist of the Mendelssohn Trio, has 
spent much of his life abroad. He studied under Carl 
Halir, of Berlin. Mr. Kohler recently appeared as 
concert-meister of the P'estival Orchestra of Pitts- 
burgh, before the Chautauqua Assembly in Cumber- 
land, Md. During his many orchestral engagements 
Mr. Kohler has played under such directors as Ed- 
ward Lassen, Walter Damrosch, Richard Strauss, 
Emil Paur and Victor Herbert. He is now assistant 
concert-meister of the Pittsburgh Orchestra. 





Franz Kohler 



Years of study in this country and abroad 
have equipped Harry G. Archer as a teacher of 
organ, piano and the theory of music. Pie was 
born in Bellaire, O., but received his early train- 
ing in Columbus, O., where his parents removed 
when he was seven years: old. His education was 
continued in Berlin, studying organ and theory 
three years under Dr. Reimann and piano under 
Professor Loeschorn. Mr. Archer came to i-'itts- 
burgh in August, 1891. Besides his regular teach- 
ing work he is organist and choir director of the 
First Evangelical Lutheran church, in Grant street. 
The programs he has arranged for Lenten ser- 
vices at this church have been looked forward to 
by music lovers. Mr. Archer has arranged and 
performed many sacred works hitherto not heard 
in this city. In conjunction with Rev. Luther D. Reed, Mr. Archer has ar- 
ranged and published some works on church music, including "The Choral Ser- 
vice," "Season Vespers" and Psalter and Canticles. Mr. Archer has worked 
to make perfect and uniform the chanting of the old Gregorian psalm-tones. 
His studio is at 406 Sixth avenue. 




Harry G. Archer 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



169 




Carl Bernthaler 



Carl Bernthaler was born on Stuttgart, Germany. His 
musical studies were conducted under Emil Ring and J. H. 
Rodgers, of Cleveland, and Mueller-Hartung, Weimer, 
Germany. He is the pianist of the Mendelssohn and the 
Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, where he has accompanied 
most of the great soloists. Two years ago, when the need 
of some musical organization for the summer months was 
felt in Pittsburgh, and also it became advisable to hold as 
many as possible of the artists of the Symphony Orchestra 
here during the heated term, Frank W. Rudy organized 
the Pittsburgh Festival Orchestra of thirty musicians. Mr. 
Bernthaler was chosen its conductor. The orchestra this 
season gave eight weeks concerts, six nights each on the 
Schenley lawn. These were very well attended this being the first thing of its 
kind in Pittsburgh during the summer. Franz Kohler was the concert-meister. 

Included in the faculty of the V^on Kunits School of Music 
and Art is Otto Kegel. He received his first instruction under 
Frederick Schulze, chamber musician, in Dresden. At Hamburg 
he came under the tuition of A. Biederman, one of the most fa- 
mous cornet virtuosi of Germany. Since 1893 he has been in 
America, playing first v/ith Anton Seidl's Symphony Orchestra, 
then under Victor Herbert for eight years, and finally under 
Emil Paur. He has been a member of the Pittsburgh Orchestra 
since 1898. Previous to that engagement he was first trumpet 
in the grand opera performances at liavana, Cuba. He was also 
first and sole trumpet in the Pittsburgh Festival Orchestra. He is an instructor 
in the trumpet and cornet. 




otto Kegel 




170 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Charles N. Boyd was graduated from the University 
of Pittsburgh, in 1894, and immediately entered upon a 
musical career. He was busines manager of the Mozart 
Club for ten years, and since 1903, has been instructor in 
sacred music at the Western Theological Seminary. Also, 
he has been organist at the North Avenue Methodist Epis- 
copal church for the past fourteen years, and there directs 
a chorus choir and a large Sunday School orchestra. He 
is conductor of the Cecelia Choir, organized for the study 
of ancient and modern music. For two seasons he was 
music critic of the Gazette-Times and devotes much time 
to writing on musical subjects. Mr. Boyd is a member of 
the Music Committee of the Sesqui-Centennial. 




Charles N. Boyd 




Since 1884 William M. Stevenson has been an 
instructor of singing and piano in this city. He has 
held prominent positions as organist and director 
and many successful singers received their instruc- 
tion under him. He is now an organist and director 
of music at the Sharpsburg Presbyterian church. Mr. 
Stevenson was a student at Buck, in Boston, and 
Graham, in London. His studio is at 204 Sixth 
street, opposite the Hotel Anderson. 



William M. Stevenson 



E. G. Rothleder studied the violin with Emile Sauret 
and August Wilhemj, and the piano with Arthur Fried- 
ham, who is said to have been I^iszt's most talented 
pupil. For a number of years Mr. Rothleder was first 
violinist in the Pittsburgh Orchestra. He was former- 
ly a member of the faculty of the Pittsburgh Female 
Conservatory of Music, later being the head of the 
music department of the Greensburg Seminary. He is 
now in charge of the music department of the iKskimin- 
etas College, Saltsburg, Pa. His studio is in the Nixon 
Buildinsr. 




F. G. Rothleder 




Edward J. Napier was born in England, in 1874, 
and for several years was a resident pupil with Frederic 
Archer, whom he succeeded at St. James Roman Cath- 
olic church Chicago. H came to Pittsburgh, in 1899, and 
was for two years assistant to Mr. Archer at the Church 
of the Ascension, and seven years as organist and choir- 
master of that church. He has played upwards of forty 
recitals at Carnegie Hall, and was for five years vocal 
and organ instructor at the Pennsylvania College for 
Women. He gave an entire week of organ recitals at 
the Jam.estown Exposition. His address is at No. 550 
Neville street. 



Edward J. Napier 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



171 




A descendant of an old line of musicians, Eugene 
Feuchtinger has long been a voice teacher and pianist m 
this citv His grandfather was court music director to the 
Duke of Waldeck and his father held a life commission as 
chorister and organist from "the King of Wurteinl>ei;g. 
Mancini, the best known pupil of Porpora. was the earh- 
est teacher of the family. His training was received under 
his cousin, Ferdinand Langer, court director of the opera 
in Mannheim, Lamperti in Dresden, Shakespeare, m Lon- 
don, and John Howard, in New York. He devoted years 
to original research, and has written two books deahng 
with voice and technic, one of which is now m the publish- 
ers hands. Mr. Feuchtinger was for five years with J^eth- 
Eugene Feuchtinger ^ Collco-e six ycars with Hiram College, three years 
with Cumberland University, and is identified with '^f^f'^f'^^fj'' ^"^ 
York and Washington. His studio is at .5180 Cypress Street, East End. 

Norman Hassler received his education 
in the rudiments of music at Mt. Union 
College, later studying vocal culture with 
S. C. Bennett of New York City. He join- 
ed the Schumann Quartet Concert Com- 
pany, singing with this organization for six 
years, appearing in all the cities and larger 
towns in the United States and Canada. 
Mr. Hassler left this company to become 
director of music at the State University 
at Bloomington, Indiana, which position he 
held for three years, coming to Pittsburgh 
as soloist at the Fouth Avenue Baptist 
church. H:e was there six months and left _ 

to become director of a large chorus choir at the Emory Methodist Epi^^^^^^^^^^ 
church, remaining in that position two years. Miss Pearl Sleeth, the organist 
at that church later became Mrs. Hassler. Mr. and Mrs. Hassler then went to 
the Lincoln Avenue Methodist church for one year, and from there to the 
Fourth Avenue Baptist church for four years, where Mr^ Hassler_ is soloist. 
Mrs Hasskr is sop'rano and choir leader at the Knoxville Presbyterian churcl. 
She is an organ pupil of Professor Broadberry, a piano pupil of Wdham Oett mg 
and a vocal pupil of Mr. Hassler and the Topping-Browns, of New York. Mr. 
'and MrT HasLr have studied repertoire with James Stephen Martm under 
whose direction they have made a specialty of d^jet _ singing. Mrs. Ha sler 
was last season the accompanist of the Tuesday Musical Club Mr. Hassler 
h^^ made a soecial study of the oratorios of "Armemus, and Elijah Mr. and 
Mrs Hass^r'S teach Jrs in the Liefeld School of Music, 117 West Ohio street 
North Side, Pittsburgh. 

Miss Geraldine Damon, contralto and teacher of singing was born in Boston 
and studied there five years under Mrs. J. H. Long; seven years with F. E. Bur- 
?Ss one year in Paris under Bertram and Koenig, and also m London under 
P?fndeTeer and Fred K. Walker. She sang for four years m the Union church, 
^^rcefer, Masl^ three year:, in the Holy Trinity and Collegiate churches in 
New York and five years in the Christ Methodist Episcopal church, in_ Pitts- 
burgh She has appeared in concert and oratorio in the largest cities m this 
country and in Europe. 





Norman Hassler 



Mrs. Norman Hassler 



Sixth U. P. Church Choir 




Charles A. Graninger 





Miss Ruth Hay 



Charles Albert Graninger, a recent ;id(]ttion to the 
musical life of Pittsburgh, has been called to the posi- 
tion of organist and choir-master at the Sixth United 
Presbyterian church. He was for a long time a musical 
leader in Cincinnati, having held a professorship in 
the Cincinnati College of Music. He was also organ- 
ist and musical director of the Second Presbyterian 
church there, and has been a pianist and teacher for 
seventeen years. The Orpheus Club, of Cincinnati, 
attained a national reputation under the direction of 
Mr. Graninger. He also directed the Apollo Club 
(male chorus), the Roosevelt Club, of Minneapolis, 
the Polyphonic Club (mixed chorus), of Covington, 
Ky., the Arion Club, of Columbus, O., and the Men- 
delssohn Club, of Cincinnati. In a letter, Charles P. 
Taft, brother of William H. Taft, expresses his appre- 
ciation of Mr. Graninger as an organist and choir- 
master. 
Miss Ruth Hay, daughter of Major Samuel W. 
Hay, studied in Boston and Pittsburgh, and is a member 
of the Tuesday Musical Club. She succeeded Miss Hen- 
rietta Keil as soprano soloist at the Church of the Ascen- 
sion four years ago. Miss Hay has been a soloist with 
the Apollo Club and Mendelssohn Trio, and has sung in 
"Mid-Summer Night's Dream" with the Pittsburgh Or- 
chestra at Carnegie Hall. Miss Hay does not teach. 

Another member of the Sixth 
United Presbyterian Choir is 
Miss Jean Lang, who was en- 
gaged as solo contralto six years 
ago. She has appeared in con- 
certs and oratorios, and her recital repertoire includes 
French, Italian, German and English songs. Her 
studio is at 2017 Forbes street, where she teaches voice 
culture and the art of singing. 
The tenor of this choir is 
Walter Coleman Earnest. He 
was born in Louisville, Ky., 
and received his musical 
training in Cincinnati. He 
first sang in the Christ Ca- 
thedral, Louisville, and Christ church, Cincinnati, 
as soloist. Coming to Pittsburgh he has sung at St. 
Andrew's Protestant Episcopal and Grant Street 
Lutheran churches, and then going to the Sixth 
United Presbyterian church. He has appeared with 
the Pittsburgh Festival Orchestra, and was with 
Schumann-Heink and Campanari at the May Festi- 
val, at Atlanta, Ga. Studio is at 509 Empire Bldg. 

Walter C. Earnest 

Louis H. Kennedy, also connected with the choir has 
traveled extensivelv through the middle West and South 
m concert tours, and has sung with such men as Evan 
Williams. He was born in Pittsburgh, in 1882. He has 
been winner in several Eisteddfodds. His address is 5621 
Hays street, East End. 



Louis H. Kennedy 



Miss Jean Lang- 





MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



173 




W. K. Steiner 



W. K. Steiner, organist, was born in Allegheny, June 
9, 1874. His first position as organist was with the Grace 
Reformed church, Pittsburgh, later serving at the Trinity 
Lutheran and the North Avenue Methodist Episcopal 
churches, in Allegheny. He studied piano and theory in 
Dresden under Heinrich Gerner until 1899. Returning 
to Pittsburgh he was organist at the Calvary IViethodist 
Episcopal church, until May, 1904, when he assumed his 
present position with the Rodeph Shalom Congregation. 
He gave fifty recitals at Carnegie Music Hall, Pittsburgh, 
and was the only organist from this part of the state to 
play at the St. Louis and Buffalo Expositions. He is 
local examiner for and member of the executive com- 
mittee of the Guild of Organists, of New York. He de- 
signed the new organ in the Rodeph Shalom, which' is con- 
sidered the finest instrument in America. He is also a concert pianist and com- 
poser. 

One of the leading contraltos of the city is Edith 
Harris-Scott, who is "Welsh by birth, American by edu- 
cation, and Pittsburgher by choice." She has been in 
many out-of-town concerts and Chautauquas, and has ap- 
peared with Evan Williams and G. Miles. She also 
gives readings and has won distinction with the mono- 
logue "Caleb West." She is contralto at the Bellefield 
Presbyterian church, and is under the managment of 
John C. Dickson. 



Edith Harris-Scott 

Ralph Butler Savage has been living in 
Pittsburgh for three years, during which time he 
has been actively engaged as a teacher. He is an 
Easterner, having lived in Massachusetts almost 
all his life. His preliminary studies were pur- 
sued in Boston and Paris under American, 
French and Italian teachers. Mr. Savage num- 
bers among his pupils many choir and concert 
singers. His studois are located in the Wallace 
building. East End. 





Ralph Butler Savage 



George J. Morgen, pianist, organist and teacher, 
was born in Cleveland, but received his early musical ed- 
ucation in this city, studying for three years with the 
director of the Pittsburgh Conservatory of Music. He 
as just returned from three years' study in Berlin, with 
Jose Vianna da Motta, the Portuguese pianist, and Pro- 
fessor Egidi, organist and instructor, in the Royal Con- 
servatory, in Berlin. His address is 5511 Claybourne 
street. 




George J. Morgen 



174 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Mrs. Emma Porter Makiiison came to Pitts- 
burgh in 1896, to fill the poistion of soprano soloist 
in the choir of the Third Presbyterian church. Dur- 
ing her residence in Chicago, prior to coming to 
Pittsburgh, she was soloist in Dr. Thomas' church, 
(McVicker's Theater), and in Dr. Hirsch's Tem- 
ple. Mrs. Makinson has had wide experience in 
concert work as well, and has sung with many of 
the principal organizations of the country, among 
them the Theodore Thomas Orchestra. Mrs. Mak- 
inson is also well-known as a teacher, besides taking 
active part in the management of the Tuesday 
Musical Club, in which organization she has served 
for years in an official capacity. Mrs. Makinson 
is soloist in the First Unitarian church, where she 
has been for a number of years. 




Mrs. Emma Porter Mackinson 




Born in Wales, Edward Vaughan came to this 
country fifteen years ago. Pie had won his honors as 
a tenor in a national eisteddfodd held in London. 
Settling in Pittsburgh, he was for ;-^ix years at the 
East Liberty Presbyterian church and two years at 
Christ Methodist Episcopal church. He is now tenor 
at the Shadyside Presbyterian church. Mr. Vaughan 
has had much experience in cantatas and oratorios, 
and his repertoire includes cycles and songs. In his 
training, Mr. Vaughan spent three years in Itaty. 



Edward Vaughan 



Richard Knotts began the teaching of singing in the 
fall of 1900, his studio being at 502 Penn avenue. Many 
of his former pupils are filling positions in the church 
choirs of the city. Mr. Knotts has done solo work in 
many of the large cities of the United States, and was for 
a number of years bass at the North Presbyterian church. 
North Side. 





Henry Kloman Schmidt 



Richard Knotts 

A native Pittsburgher, Henry Kloman Schmidt 
received the greater part of his musical education 
abroad, having spent a year at the Leipsig Conserva- 
tory and six years at Munich and Berlin. For three 
years he was assistant to Martin Krause. Mr. Schmidt 
has devoted himself particularly to teaching, although 
not to the exclusion of his pianistic development. His 
studio is at 204 North Negley avenue. 



c*^ 






^^^:'J^\r.. 



W^gi^^ 









*^..*^, 









55 ^ 



lift hum' *■ *^^^ «- 



^^tf. 






^^^ ' m^ 



'■^/ 



176 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Charles Heinrolh, the city organist at 
Carnegie Institute, became the organist and 
choir-master at the Church of the Ascen- 
sion, New York, in 1896, together with the 
position as teacher of organ harmony and 
counterpoint, at the National Conservatory 
in that city. In January, 1905, he took 
charge, additionally, of the music at Tem- 
ple Beth-El, Fifth avenue. New York. All 
three positions he resigned to come to 
Pittsburgh and take charge of the great 
organ at Carengie Institute. 



Charles Heinroth 

Dr. Chevalier G. Ferrata, who but recently 
iturned to Italy, was for a number of years 
:tively engaged in Pittsburgh and Beaver Col- 
ge as musical director and pianist. Plis compo- 
tions took first prize in each class in the Art 
ociety competition at Carnegie Hall last June, 
ast year his native country bestowed upon him 
le degree of Musical Doctor, as well as award- 
g him the Grand Prix for his opera. 




Dr. Chevalier G. Ferrata 



Luigi Von Kunits received his education, 
both musical and collegiate, in Vienna, where 
he was graduated from the University and 
the law school. He studied violin with 
Johann Krai, J. M. Gruen and Otakar Sevcik; 
theory with Dr. xA.nton Bruckner; musical 
composition with Franz Jaksch, and musical 
history with Dr. Eduard Hanslick the famous 
critic. He was the leader of the String Quar- 
tet of the Tonkuenstler Verein, when Jo- 
hannes Brahms was its president. He was 
also director of the Eadies' Choral Society of 
Vienna. Pie came to the United States as as- 
sistant conductor and concert-meister of the 
Austrian Orchestra at the World's Fair. In 
the autumn of 1896 he was engaged as con- 
cert-meister of the Pittsburgh Orchestra, 
which position he held for eleven years. 
Luigi Von Kunits Simultaneously he was director of the singing 

department and taught classes in counterpoint and composition at the Pittsburgh 
Conservatory of Music. He is now at the head of his own school of music and 




MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



177 



art in South Highland avenue where pupils in all departments have the advantage 
of special free recitals and lectures. He is well known as a virutuosi on the 
violin, is a capable drill-master, and has done much for Pittsburgh with his annual 
series of chamber concerts. 

Robert A. Alorrow was born in New Cumberland, 
W. Va., and atlhough he first took up the violin, he de- 
voted himself more exclusively to the piano. He became 
a student at the College of Music at Cincinnati, and won 
the Springer Gold Medal from a class of more than 
seven hundred. On graduating, he became director of 
the music department of Otterbein University, Wester- 
ville, O. Pie then became teacher of the piano in the 
Duquesne Conservatory of Music, later taking charge of 
the musical department. He studied with W. H. Sher- 
wood, continuing his studies under Heinrich Earth, in 
Berlin. Returning to Pittsburgh he established himself 
as a teacher of the piano. He was the first to introduce 
the Virgil-Clavier method in this city. His studio is at 
4502 Fifth avenue. 




Robert A. Morrow 



The Wagner Quintet Club is 
composed of vocal and instrumental 
performers. The club accepts no 
professional engagements, but has, 
during the past season, given sev- 
eral private musicales for some 
worthy cause. 





Caspar P. Koch 



Wagner Quintet Club 

For four and a half years Caspar P. 
Koch has been city organist of Allegheny, 
now, more properly, Pittsburgh, North Side. 
Mr. Koch has the distinction of playing in 
the first Carnegie Hall ever built, and on the 
first grand organ ever given to the public 
by Andrew Carnegie. The first city organ- 
ist for the North Side was Leonard P. 
Wales, who served only six months. Then 
came H. P. Ecker, whose tenure of office 
was fourteen years. Mr. Koch then obtained 
the appointment. In the North Side Car- 
negie Hall free organ recitals for the public 
are given each week. On October 1, Mr. 
Koch is giving an evening witli Pittsburgh 
composers in honor of the Sesqui-Centen- 
nial. More than 1800 organ recitals have 
been given in this hall. 



178 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Henrietta Bowlin was born in Wheeling W. Va., 
and after a long training sang at the Friendship Avenue 
Presbyterian church. She has appeared before the 
Tuesday Musical Club many times and at recitals under 
the direction of DeFerrata. She is now contralto soloist 
at the Shadyside Presbyterian church. She lives at 326 
Melwood street. 



Henrietta Bowlin 

John R. Roberts, baritone, for a number of 
years has participated in many high class concerts 
in Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio. He 
has sung roles in a number of standard oratorios, 
but is best known through his interpretation of old 
English and American ballads and the folk songs 
of Germany. For several years Air. Roberts has 
held the position of solo baritone in the choir of the 
Thir Presbyterian church. His address is Buck- 
ingham Apartments, Craft avenue. 




John R. Roberls 




Emma Johanna Baumann 



A well-known lyric soprano is Miss Emma Johanna 
Baumann. She was born in New Castle, Pa., and made 
her first public appearance at the age of six. She began 
her musical studies very eary in the New England Con- 
servatory of Music, under the supervision of Signor 
Augusto Rotali, at the same time singing under the direc- 
tion of George Chadwick. She has held positions with 
the Calvary Methodist Episcopal church, the Highland 
Presbyterian church, the North Presbyterian church, and 
for the past three years has been at the Shadyside Pres- 
byterian church. Miss Baumann has done a great deal 
of concert and oratorio work, and has played the leading 
roles in the operas "Brian Boro" and "Robin Hood." 
She is connected with the Brockway Lyceum Bureau. 



John Colville Dickson, as a school teacher in Cincinnati, 
studied singing at night for five years. He taught sight- 
reading classes, being a disciple of Tali Easen Morgan. He 
then entered the Cincinnati College of Music, taking up 
voice, theory and conducting, finishing in the spring of 1902. 
During his student days, in Cincinnati, he was a member of 
the Odean Stock Company, playing the romantic roles in 
"Cricket on the Hearth," "The Doll's House," "As You 
Like It," "The Romancers," "The Rivals," and a "Night 
Ofif." He created the role of Lord Bunstock in a comedy, 
"Belles and Beaux," written for him by Dolores Chase. He has since studied with 
H. Howard Brown, of New York, one of Jean Reszke's assistants. His studio is 
at 431 Atwood street. 




John C. Dickson 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



179 




In line of descent from one of the oldest settlers 
of Pittsburgh, J. Vick O'Brien is completing his 
musical studies in Germany. lie was born in this city 
and was formerly the leader of Vick's Orchestra and 
director of the Holy Rosary Church choir, Home- 
wood. He became interested in composition and for 
the past five years has been in Berlin under the tuition 
of Professor Engelbert Humperdinck. In that city he 
is also completing his American opera, "Ye Olde Vir- 



J. Vick O'Brien 

D. Stanley Harris, basso, was born in Mon- 
mouthshire, Wales, and began musical work as alto 
soloist in the Trinity Protestant Episcopal church, 
in 1886. He has been soloist in the East Liberty 
Presbyterian church, Eirst Methodist Protestant 
church, St. Andrews Protestant Episcopal church, 
and Holy Rosary Roman Catholic church. He is 
now soloist at the Second Presbyterian church, and 
is president of the Pittsburgh Male Chorus. 




D. Stanley Harris 




Erank Milton Hunter, tenor, a native of Pitts- 
burgh, went to Elorence, Italy, and for three years 
studied under the celebrated Vannini. Eor twelve 
years he studied in London with those admitted 
masters of voice culture, Cave, Alberto Randegger, 
Hon. R. A. M. ; William Shakespeare, R. A. M. ; 
Albert Fox, A. R. A. M., and Angelo Mascheroni. 
Mr. Hunter has appeared in concert and oratorio, 
at Crystal Palace, Steinway Hall, St. George's Hall, 
St. James' Hall and Victoria Hall, London, and in 
most of the principal cities and towns in Great 
Britain and Ireland. During the past eight years 
Mr. Hunter has been engaged in giving instructions 
in voice production and the art of singing. His 
studio is at 1244 Fifth avenue. 



Frank Milton Hunter 



Charles Wakefield Cadman, organist and composer, 
was born in Johnstown, Pa., in 1881, and has been a resident 
of Pittsburgh for eighteen years. He has written and pub- 
Hshed sixty-four songs, fifty piano pieces and five organ 
compositions. Among his unpublished works are two trios, 
one large choral work, two comic operas, a song cycle and 
an American Indian suite for voice and piano. He is the 
Pittsburgh correspondent for the New York Musical 
Courier and a contributor to other leading musical journals 
of the country. He is organist at the East Liberty Presby- 
terian church. He lives at 1124 Ross avenue, Wilkinsburg. 




Chas. W. Cadman 



180 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




Otto Merz, a native of Allegheny, is well 
known as a band and orchestra performer. As a 
boy he studied piano, harmony and counterpoint. 
His knowledge of orchestral instruments has en- 
abled him to make a specialty for years of arrang- 
ing music for all combinations. His studio is in the 
Emich Apartments, 204 East North avenue. North 
Side. 



otto Merz 



Howard J. White was born in Providence, R. 
I., but for six years has been a resident of Pitts- 
burgh. He has sung in the East Liberty, North 
and Shadyside Presbyterian churches, and in the 
synagogue of the Congregation Rodeph Shalom. 
He had a part in the "Pirates of Penzance," and is 
a member of the University Glee Club. The More- 
wood Apartments, Center avnue, is his residence. 




Howard J. White 




He was organizer and director of the 



Albert D. Liefeld, born in Wisconsin and edu- 
cated there and in Ohio for parochial school teacher, 
organist and choir-master. He came to Allegheny in 
1887, and for a time was organist and choir-master 
at St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran church. He is 
now at the First German Evangelical Protestant 
church in East Ohio street. North Side, in the same 
capacity. 

Haydn Mandolin Club, and 
organized and is director of 
the Liefeld Orchestra. Mr. 
Liefeld taught for a number 
of years in the East Liberty 
Y. M. C. A. and Shadyside 
Academy clubs. For several 
years he has had charge of 
the vocal and instrumental 
music at the Allegheny High School. He has appeared with Opie Read, Cap- 
tain Richmond Hobson, Captain Jack Crawford, Fred Emerson Brooks and other 
notables, and several of his compositions have been played by Victor Herbert 
(with the old Gilmore Band), Sousa, Creatore, Mendelssohn Trio, and the Pitts- 
burgh Festival Orchestra. He also wrote the Oriental music for the "Irish 
Arab," set to music six poems by Captain Jack Crawford, composed a choral 
which has been incorporated in the new English hymnal of the Evangelical 
Lutheran Synod of Ohio and other vStates, besides many songs and piano works. 
He is now instructor of the String Instrument Club at the Pennsylvania College 
for Women, a member of the Prize Singers' Male Quartet, and instructor of 
piano, mandolin, guitar and banjo. He wrote the music for the song, "Here's to 
Old iPttsburgh," which is being played by bands and orchestras and sung in 
honor of the Sesqui-Centennial. His residence studio is at 318 Amber street, 
East End. 'Phone, Highland, 3740-J 



Albert D. Liefeld 






rXE IIEFELD ORnHF-.STRA! 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



181 



Hppi %. 


■X ■■• 


1 


^HHI* ^' 


gl 


I 


f^T"^ 




" 


Ht^. 




i 



Miss LucUle Miller 




One of Pittsburgh's youngest singers in Miss 
Lucille Miller, solo soprano at the Point Breeze 
Presbyterian church. She is a pupil of E. Ells- 
worth Giles, and has appeared lately on several 
important programs with the Pittsburgh Festival 
Orchestra. Her residence is at 4901 Friendship 
avenue. 

Miss Ida Bernice Cole, so- 
prano, was born in Ports- 
mouth, O., and was a student 
under B. W. Foley and Miss 
Helen Hinkle of Cincinnati. 
She sang- with the Apollo 
Club, in Cincinnati, and played the viola in the Ladies' 
Cremona Stringed Orchestra, of that city. She was so- 
prano at the Plum Street Temple, Cincinnati, and soloist at 
the First Presbyterian church, Covington, Ky., and Christ 
Protestant Episcopal church, Cincinnati. She teaches voice 
culture at 155 North Craig street. 

For years a leading soprano in Indiana, Mrs. 
Charles Farrow Kimball, is now a resident of Pitts- 
burgh. In Indianapolis, she sang in the Tabernacle 
Presbyterian church and the Jewish Synagague, 
which congregations demand an exceptionally high 
standard. Church singing, however, has only been 
a part of her musical activity, as she appeared with 
the Maennerchor and Symphony Society, of Indian- 
apolis. She received her training with Franz 
Bellinger, of New York. On coming to this city, 
Mrs. Kimball joined the choir of the Third Presby- 
terian church as soloist. She is an experienced 
singer in oratorio work, her rendition of the so- 
prano role in the "Messiah" being especially a mat- 
ter of comment. Her address is 5723 Fifth avenue. 
Bell 'phone, Highland 9121. 



Ida Bernice Cole 




Mrs. Chas. F. Kimball 




Muehlen. 



Miss Amanda Vier- 
heller was born in Pitts- 
burg, studied under the 
best local teachers and was 
well known as a church 
and concert singer before 
going abroad for further 
study under European 
masters. In Germany she 
filled important concert 
and opera engagements. 
Her last year abroad was 
spent in London, where she 
had the privilege of study- 
ing with and being assistant 
to Herr Raimund von Zur- 
Since her return to Pittsburgh she has done important work in con- 




Miss Amanda Vierheller 



Miss Julia Gibonsky 



182 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



certs. She is now teaching, her studio being at 31 Jackson building. 

Miss Julia Gibonsky, who was born in Pittsburgh, has likewise studied under 
local teachers, who, recognizing her talents as a pianist, advised her to go to Ber- 
lin for further study. She spent two years with Professor Jedliczka, at the Stern 
Conservatory, and three years as a pupil of and assistant to Teresa Carreno. 
Since her return she has appeared before the Art Society. She is pianist of the 
Rubenstein Trio and is devoting much time to teaching in the studio she shares 
with Miss Vierheller, 31 Jackson building, Sixth street and Penn avenue. 




William H. Getting 



William H. Getting first studied under his father, 
Edward Getting, who was from 1866 to 1886 organist 
and choir-master of the German Evangelical Protest- 
ant church. Sixth avenue and Smithfield street. He 
was organist of the Wilkinsburg Presbyterian church 
at the age of seventeen. In Europe he studied the 
piano with Plucheson; composition with Boice; organ 
with Dr. Reiman and Professor Egidi, in Berlin. Gn 
returning to this city he became organist of the Wil- 
kinsburgh Presbyterian church, later going to the 
Point Breeze Presbyterian church. Since May he has 
been organist and musical director at the Shadyside 
Presbyterian church. Mr. Getting has been frequently 
invited to play at Carnegie Institute recitals and has 
done considerable work in opening new organs in this vicinity, besides being 
actively engaged in teaching at his studio in the Wallace building, East End. 



Alonzo H. Brockett is a familiar figure to 
music lovers, being a member of the executive 
committee of the Mozart Club, and manager of 
concerts and lectures. Pie was for many years 
ticket treasurer of the Pittsburgh Grchestra and 
formerly a baritone in the North Avenue Meth- 
odist Episcopal church. North Side, St. An- 
drew's and St. Peter's Protestant Episcopal and 
the Shadyside Presbyterian churches, and 
director of the choir at the Church of the Ascen- 
sion. 



Alonzo H. Brockett 

Charles Price Mustin, organist of the First Church 
of Christ, Scientist, was born December 26, 1877. He is 
accompanist of the Mendelssohn Male Choir, and was 
an organ soloist at the Jamestown Exposition during the 
week of June 17, 1907. The organ of the Christian 
Science church consists of four manuals, pedal, echo-or- 
gan and chimes, containing fifty-three speaking and sixty- 
five mechanical stops. It was pronounced by E. H. Le- 
mare to be the finest orchestral organ in the country. 





Chas. P. Mustin 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



183 




Morris Stephens 



Morris Stephens was born in South Wales. 
As a boy soprano he never lost a prize at the 
Eisteddfodds. He came to Pittsburgh in 1882, 
later returning to London for special study with 
Randegger and Shakespeare. He was a student 
under Mehan in New York; Root, in Chicago, 
and others. He began teaching in this city in 
1891. Mr. Stephens has sung tenor roles in or- 
atorios for the Mozart Club, and also several 
choruses in South Wales. He was the director 
of the Cambrian Glee Club of Pittsburgh, and 
the Schubert Male Chorus. As tenor soloist 
and director he has been connected with the Third 
Presbyterian church and St. Peter's Protestant 
Episcopal church. He is now in charge of the 
music at the Sixth Presbyterian church. He is 
also first tenor and director of the Tancred Male 
Quartet, and is a teacher in the art of singing. 
His studio is in the Bissell Block. 



The well-known Pittsburgh contralto, Miss 
Christine Miller, has filled more important out-of- 
town engagements than any of the city's singers. 
She has been a soloist before the Art Society of 
Pittsburgh, with the Pittsburgh Orchestra under 
Victor Plerbert, and Emile Paur. Last season she 
was soloist with David Bispham in the "Vicar of 
Wakefield." She sang with the Harmonic Club at 
Cleveland; the Apollo Club, at Chicago; the Ober- 
lin Musical Union, and the Thomas Orchestra, at 
Cleveland; the Philharmonic, at Minneapolis, and 
the Mozart Club, in Pittsburgh, besides thirty-one 
other engagements. She has also been heard in the 
"Dream of Gerontius" and Beethovens "Ninth 
Symphony." She is to sing the Bach B 
Minor Mass with the Chicago Apollo Club, this be- 
ing her third consecutive appearance with this or- 
organization, and will shortly fill a week from St. 
Paul to Winnipeg. She was for six years soloist at the Bellefield Presbyterian 
church, and for the last six years has been acting in the same capacity at the 
Third Presbyterian church. Her business address is the Pittsburgh Academy. 




Miss Christine Miller 




After the death of Professor Simeon Bissell, the 
head of the Curry Conservatory of Music, Miss Marie 
Spragae, who was his first assistant for many years, 
and who, during his long illness, successfully took 
charge of his classes, decided to open the Bissell Con- 
servatory, Inc., with assistants in the different 
branches. Miss Sprague was for five years soprano 
in St. Peter's Protestant Episcopal church. The Bis- 
sell Conservatory is in the Bissell Block, Seventh ave- 
nue and Smithfield street. 



Miss Marie Sprague 



184 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



Leo Oehmler, teacher of piano and violin, and well known 
as a composer and writer on musical subjects, was born in Pitts- 
burgh, in 1867. He began the study of music and painting at the 
age of seven, and in 1885, entered the Royal Conservatory at 
Sondershausen, Germany. After his graduation there, he 
matriculated at the Stern Conservatory, at Berlin, where he re- 
mained two years, studying violin under Emile Sauret; piano 
'under Radecke and Bussler. P'elix Meyer, court violinist to the 
German Emperor, was his instructor for a year. It is chiefly as 
a composer and teacher that Mr. Oehmler is known. Very nearly 
two hundred compositions have come from his pen. His ability to inspire others 
with enthusiasm was descussed in a lengthy review of his work by "Music and 
Musicians. His studio is at 237 Fourth avenue. 




Leo Oehmler 



Herman Mueller was born in the Rhine coun- 
try, Germany, in 1872, and received his first in- 
struction on the violin from his father, who was a 
burgomaster and cappellmeister. At the age of 
sixteen he attended a military academy in Berlin, 
and later the Royal Conservatory of Music in 
Leijpsic. Pie became a member of the Hans von 
Buelow Orchestra, in Hamburg, with which he 
came to the World's Fair, in Chicago, in 1893. 
Since then he has been a member of orchestras un- 
der Thodore Thomas, Walter Damrosch, Victor 
Herbert and Emil Paur. This is his ninth season 
with the Pittsburgh Orchestra, playing violin, viola 
and basson. He is teaching in the Eiefeld School 
of Music, in the Mutual building. North Side. 




Herman Mueller 




J. M. Henricks 



T. M. Henricks, the well-known piano 
dealer, is now located at 723 and 725 Liberty 
avenue, second floor, where he is operating 
one of the most successful music stores in 
the ctiy. He has been in the business for 
16 years, four of which he spent in the lead- 
ing New York piano factories, learning piano 
construction in all its branches. His is the 
only successful piano wareroom in the city, 
on the second floor, and because of that fact 
he is enabled to offer pianos of high grade at 
moderate prices, inasmuch as he pays low 
rent and small expense. Mr. Henricks start- 
ed in his present business about a year ago 
and has made a phenomenal success of it. 
Prior to that time he was a partner and gen- 
eral manager of the Henricks Piano Com- 
pany, Limited. Pie makes a specialty of the 
Packard piano, as a leader, and also carries 
the Poole, R. S. Howard, Clarendon, and A. 
J. King, always having from 30 to 35 instru- 
mets in stock. 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



185 




Long associated in a business and artistic 
way with the development of music m Pitts- 
buro-h is the Bechtel Music House, of which 
Volkwein Brothers are the proprietors 
Music lovers have long been fami har with 
the store at 516 Smithfield street. This house 
was founded more than thirty years ago by b. 
Bechtel well known in his day as a musician. 
This was at a time when Pittsburgh was just 
bec^inning to wake up to the necessity of cul- 
tiv'kting the fine arts, and this music house 
has kept step with the rapid growth m the ad- 
vancement of music. J. C. and R. G. Volk- 
wein succeeded to the management of the hrm, 
and through their efforts even greater prog- 
ress has been made. The celebrated Miller 
piano has won thousands of friends for the 
house The purity of tone of this matchless 
instrument appeals at once to the artist, and 
for this reason the Miller piano is a familiar sight on the concert stage This m- 
trument is also to be found in the homes of the discrimmatng music lover, wm- 
Ig thro ig^^^^^^^^^ merit a pre-eminence in the Greater Pittsburgh district. This 
hou'se is the headquarters for York & Sons' and Besson & Company s band in- 
struments besides carrying a full ilne of phonographs and supphes. Artistic 
epaTr w ;^^^^^^^^^ instruments is also a feature, while mail orders are no smal 
part of the ever-growing business. The Volkweins are musicians and are m a 
position to fully appreciate the needs of students and performers. Bell phone, 
2530 Grant. 

Pennsylvania College for Women 

No educational institution in this district occupies a higher position than the 
Pennsylvania College for Women. This is a college of wh.ch Pittsburgh .s justly 
proud embodying as it does the best traditions of the city and m fact. Western 
PennsWania Its graduates are in every part of the Un.ted States The col- 
fege provides an abfe faculty, good courses, careful physical and soca trammg, 
and ^ nerally the advantages which can be secured only m a woman s college. 
Is an ad unct to this instirution is Dilworth Hall, a preparatory school for g.rls. 
HerTi provided a college preparatory course and a modern language course^ 
Sften, the difScult problem of where to send the young woman and girl ha no 
been ettled until the eleventh hour, when the semmanes and coUeges of the 
country are beginning their autumn terms. These two mst.tut.ons commend 
themselves to parents who wish to give their daughters every possible advantage 
vlTre their studies will be wisely directed aid where the.r student he wdl be 
wen rounded out. The finest type of American womanhood ,s the college idea . 
clZic^tlons should be addressed to Henry D. Lindsay, President, Pennsyl- 
vania College for Women, Woodlawn Road. Pittsburgh, Pa. 



186 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 




The Ivers & Pond, Boston, represents 
the highest type of piano construction, 
and in tone, action and case work is unex- 
:elled. For these points of merit and their 
phenomenal durability most of the leading 
musical schools use Ivers & Pond pianos, 
and in what is probably the largest musi- 
cal institute in the world, the New Eng- 
land Conservatory of Boston, over 300 
Ivers & Pond pianos are in use, and over 
4-3,000 are used throughout the world. 

No list of leading pianos would be com- 
plete without the name of Decker & Son, 
of New York, founded in 1856 by the late 
Myron A. Decker, and continued by his 
son, Frank C. Decker, who recently has 
added his son to the Decker forces, thus 



showing three generations of Deck- 
ers in the development of the famous 
Decker tone, a purely musical tone, 
so much admired by the world's 
prominent musicians. Over 26,000 
of these pianos are in use. 

In 1875 William Schaefifer pro- 
duced his first upright piano scale, 
and so successfully developed his pi- 
ano that in 1878,, at the World's 
Fair, Paris, he received a diploma of 
honor for its tone and general ex- 
cellence of construction. His piano 
has been improved continually and is 
made in a large factory near Chicago, 
111., and is popularly known as "the 
Best in the West." Over 40,000 
have been made. 




QJ PIANOS 




The Schubert Pianos, which the Hen- 
ricks Company also handle are of unques- 
tioned merit and over 37,000 have been 
made. The Henricks Piano Company, 
Ltd., carry one of the largest and most 
varied stocks in the city in Grand, Upright 
and Player Pianos in various designs, 
such as Louis XIV, XV, XVI, Floren- 
tine, Mission, etc., or special designs are 
obtainable, made up in all the fine woods 
including all the different veneers and 
shades of coloring in mahogany, walnut, 
oak, etc. To those interested a visit to 
the Henricks Piano Company, Ltd., will 
be amply repaid. 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



187 




John R. Henricks 



Pittsburgh is noted for its numerous and 
magnificent musical instrument houses, the 
founding of many dating away back into the 
last century. Among the largest and oldest 
exclusively piano, player piano and organ 
house is that of Henricks Piano Company, 
Lytd., 611 Smithfield street, whose founder, 
John R. Henricks, has been in the piano and 
organ business over 35 years, and the many 
thousand "Henricks" pianos and organs used 
in the homes and public places testify to the 
popularity and reliability of this old house. 

Besides their own piano the house rep- 
resents leading makes, such as the Ivers & 
Pond, Decker & Son, Schaeffer, Schubert, 
Steiner, etc., and carry a large stock in their 
warerooms at 611 Smithfield street. 



Credit is due Albert D. Liefield, the musician, for compiling the musical data 
for this Souvenir, 




Entrance to Highland Park 



l«8 



MUSICAL PITTSBURGH 



HERES 




"Marcti — Sctfigii 




Sesqui Centennial Celebration i908 

Words ByH Brownfield Scott 
Mxisic bif Albert D Liefeld 




HonG oi^cWuulhrie 
1' >raij 1 01 

Pirtsbji ^h. 



Breathing the spirit of 
the city triumphant a Sesqui- 
Centennial song, "Here's to 
Old Pittsburgh" makes its ap- 
pearance and tells in swing- 
ing verse and infectious mu- 
sic, of the" love and loyalty 
that promolcd this great cele- 
bration. It is a Pittsburgh 
song by Pittsburghers, and 
for Pittsburghers, and 
promises to live long after 
the celebration of the civic 
birthday has passed into mem- 
ory. As a general thing, songs 
written to iit occasions are 
dreary counterfeits of inspir- 
ation. These always lack "the 
tang of the soil," bear evidence 
of eleventh hour hack work, 
and a most patent effort to 
force an enthusiam which is 
not felt. In "Here's to Old 
Pittsburgh" there is a gen- 
unineness, aside from the mer- 
it of its verse and melody, that 
brings the hearer to his feet. 
It is a home song, composed 
jointly by a newspaper man 
and a musician. The words 
were wirtten by H. Brownfield 
Scott, of the Pittsburgh News 
Agency, who knows this city 
like a book. The music is by 
Albert D. Liefeld, conductor 
of the Liefeld Orchestra. 
This combination of author- 
ship has proved a most happy one, as the first public playing of the piece evidenced. Dur- 
ing his engagement at the Exposition, Sousa had his band play the music of the production. 
It was received with unstinted enthusiasm. The song is dedicated to the Honorable 
George W. Guthrie, the first mayor of Greater Pittsburgh, and has received the hearty 
approval of the Committee on Music of the General Committee of the Sesqui Centennial. 
The music has been aranged for bands and orchestras. The cover design a facs'mile of 
which is shown here, is emblematic of the spirit- which prompted the production, and alone 
is worth many times the price of the song. The chorus runs : 



, Pibl ohm 7 Co. 

lut jl C 

We I 01 Shi de 

Ptt bun.)- Pa 



n 


1 



"Here's to Old Pittsburgh! Glad are we 
to be 

Where forges ring 
And toilers sing 
In tuneful harmony. 

Here's to old Pittsburgh, the workshop 
of the world! 

Where skill and brawn 

Count for the man, 
And Worth's flag is unfurled. 



The song is published by the 
Song" Publishing Company, 117 
Ohio St., West, North Side, Pitts- 
burgh, Pa. For sale at all music 
stores. Sent by mail, postpaid, 
on receipt of price, 25 cents. 




H. Brownfield Scott 



Albert D. Liefeld 



A 

A-cademy, The 92 

A-llegheny City Hall 31 

A-lleheny, Disasters in .... 32 

Allegheny Butter Co 142 

Allegheny Market Views ..141 

Allegheny, History of 24 

Allegheny Market Square . . 26 

Andrews, Saml 51 

Alvin Theatre 89 

Archer, Harry G 168 

Archer, F 159 

Apollo Club 165 

Au-Rone Ice Cream Co. ...129 

B 

Baumann, Emma J 178 

Bell, J. S 82 

Bergmann, John 102 

Bijou Theatre 89 

Beuchler, Chas. & Wm. ...125 

Bloedel, Herman R 103 

Blaney's Empire Theatre . . 90 

Bissell, Simeon 161 

Buka, Jos 38 

Brown, Chas 43 

Brand, Wm 95 

Braddock, Gen 7 

Boquet, Col. Henry 7 

Burke, W. J 98 

Bridges 29 

Boehme, Paul 154 

Brockett, H B 163 

Brockett, A. H 182 

Bernthaler, Carl 169 

Boyd. Chas. N 170 

Bowlin, Henrietta 178 

C 

Chamber of Commerce N. S. 37 
Chamber of Commerce Pgh 33 

Carnegie Institute 63 

Carnegie Library, Ally 64 

Colton,^ Chas. A 81 

Churches 85 

Councils 94 

Court House, Ruins of .... 13 

Cronmiler, G. P 107 

Connolly, J. C 123 

Cain, G. R 125 

Crown Cordial Co 134 

City Markets 140 

Cuneo, J. C 142 

Cornman, Mrs 143 

Calhoon, S. E 145 

Colville, S. S 154 

Clark, Gertrude 166 

Cadman, Chas. W 179 

Cole, Ida B 18i 

D 

Dittmar, C. L 45 

Dalzell, David O '.'..'. 50 

Denny, Ebenezer 7 

Davis, Major W. H 112 

Delisi & Bros I43 

Daeuble, Theo I49 

Duss, John ! ! ! ! 165 

Damon, Geraldine .... 'l71 
Dickson, John C 178 

Ellison, R. G 45 

Electrical Bureau, Ally." ' ! ! 72 

Einstein, Morris '. 95 

Bicher, Julius I43 

Evens, Wm '"l47 

Earnest, W. C \',',\ 172 

P 

Filtration Plant 68 

Fire Alarm and Police tele- 
graph 71 

Fort Wayne Station 28 

Frederick, W. G 105 

Haering, J. L 106 

Financial Pittsburgh 109 

Frederick, F. H 133 

Foster, S. C 163 

Foerster, A. M 157 

Fitzpartrick T. J 164 

Feuch linger, Eugene 171 

Perrata, Dr 176 

G 

Gerwig, G. "W 49 

Gibonsky, J 182 

Graninger, C. A 172 

Gillespie, T. A 69 

Goettmann, O. J 77 

Grand Opera House 88 



CONTENTS 

Gulick, R. M 90 

Gayety Theatre 93 

Guthrie, G. W 39 

Gosser, G. W 113 

Gibson, J. C 142 

Great Western Band 151 

Germania Orchestra 153 

Gittings, J. H 161 

Griffith, W. Y 167 

Griffith, Mrs 167 

Griffiths, Anne 168 

H 

Henricks Piano Co. 188 

Hoegel, Wm 103 

Hilldorfer, J. P 146 

Herbert, Victor 160 

Hamilton, Saml 160 

Hassler, Norman 171 

Hay, Ruth 172 

Hassler, Mrs. Norman ....171 

Harris-Scott, Edith 173 

Heinroth, Chas 176 

Harris, D. Stanley 179 

Hunter, P. M 179 

Henricks, J. M 184 

I 

Inn, Sauers 123 

Inn, Wagener 124 

J 

Johnson, T. C 44 

lones & Laughlln 23 

Tackson, R. H 130 

lames, Enoch 142 

K 

Knaur, C. S 13 4 

Kreiling, H. & Sons 144 

Kleber, Henry 149 

Kirk, T. P. Sr., 152 

KraufC, Adolph 150 

Kohler, Franz 168 

Kennedy, L. H 172 

Knotts, Richard 174 

Kimball, Mrs. C. P 181 

Kennelly, E. J 44 

Kirschler, C. F 40 

Klein, J. P 101 

Klaese, J. J. 142 

Koch, C. P 177 

Landis, H. M 33 

Loomis, E. G 75 

Lang, E. G 42 

Loch, A 122 

Leety, G. P 142 

Linton & Grubbs 143 

Lang, Jean 172 

M 

Mellor, C. C 148 

Miller, Christine 183 

Mellor, J. H 148 

McDonald, Mrs. J. S 155 

McCollum, J. P 156 

Mozart Club 156 

Mustin, C. P 182 

Miller, Lucille 181 

Merz, Otto 180 

Morrow, R. A 177 

Makinson, Mrs. E. P 174 

Morgen, Geo. J 173 

Martin, J. S 165 

Mayer, W. L ....102 

Mueller, Herman 184 

McQuaide, T. A 44 

McGough, E. T 44 

Morrow, John 56 

Mead, M. W 76 

Ma'jon, H. Lee 82 

McKenna, C. P 83 

McKee, Logan 34 

Miller, J. S 100 

Malie, D. A 107 

McKelvey, Wm 108 

Mohney, C. L 136 

McPherson Printing- Co 137 

Muehlbronner, C. A 143 

Musical Pittsburgh ; 146 

Nardina, T. A 143 

NTevin, Ethelbert 158 

Napier, E. J 170 

Liefeld, A. D 180 

O 

Oliver, D. B 48 

Orr, J. M 99 

O'Neill, John 135 

Ockleston-Lippa, Madame ..162 
O'Brien, J. V 179 



189 

Oetting, W. H 182 

Oehmler, Leo 184 

P 
Penna. Collge for Women 186 
Pittsburgh, History of ... . 5 
Pittsburgh, 1859 . . Fontispiece 

Pitt, Wm 7 

Postal Service, Pittsburgh 111 

Postal Service, Ally 113 

Patterson Coal & Supply Co 116 

Pinkerton, T. B 121 

Pgh. Photo. Eng. Co 139 

Pulpress, J. R 142 

Pogue, J. Sons 143 

Pope, J. William 150 

Pittsburgh Male Chorus . . 165 
Pgh. Festival Orchestra ..109 

B 
Ringwalt Choir Union ....166 

Reahard, W 167 

Reahard, A 167 

Rothleder, E. G 170 

Roberts, J. R 178 

Reizenstein, 1 37 

RenverSj J. G 38 

Railroads 77 

Robinson, J. W 97 

Railroad Riots 20 

Rudolph, G. 1 100 

Rlemenschneider, J. M 105 

R. E. Savings & Trust Co. 110 

Republic Mfg. Co 115 

Ross. H. L 125 

Rieck Co 127 

Renvers & Co 129 

Reed, W". A 137 

Rovegno, T 143 

Retter, Carl 157 

Roberts, Mrs. A. V 168 

S 

Smith, L. S 33 

Siebert, E. E 43 

Schools 66 

Smith, W. L 58 

■Scandrett, R. B 60 

Swan, Robert 69 

Swan, John 41 

3of£el, Jacob 101 

Stewart, Chas 102-122 

Schatzman, Peter 139 

Sauers, J. A 104 

Schatzman, E. P 108 

Schuster. F. W. & Co 119 

Smith, G. E 140 

Stafford, C. H 142 

Stevenson, W. M 170 

Steiner, W. K 173 

Savage, R. B 173 

Schmidt, H K 174 

Stephens, Morris 183 

Sprague, Marie 183 

T 

Theatres 87 

Torrance, F. J 95 

Toole, P. F 104 

Toole, S. J 133 

Tetedoux, Clement 150 

Thomas, A. S 159 

Tuesday Musical Club ....164 
V 

V^ogel, Jos 158 

Vaughn, E 174 

Von Kunits, L 176 

Vierheller, A 181 

Volkwein Bros 186 

W 

Water Supply, Pgh 67 

West Pa. Humane Society . 81 

Walters, A. G 81 

Williams, Harry 92 

Walter, E. R 94 

McKee, Lof an 34 

Wasson, J. C 106 

Wilson, J. B 120 

Ward, Saml 130 

White, B 136 

Wyland, W. J 142 

Wyman, J. G 132 

Webster, jean Wallace 1''6 

Wilson, G. H 160 

Wheat, Olive 167 

White, H. J 180 

Z 

Zimmer, John 142 

Zitterbart, F 154 

Zimmerman, Paul 155 



190 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



In the Heart of Greater Pittsburgh's 
Shopping District: 327-333 5th Ave. 

CAMPBELL'S 

"THE. PEOPLE'S STORE"— ESTABLISHED IN 1871 

Dry Goods, Clothing, Home Furnishings. 
Popular Goods at the LOWEST PRICES 



PROGRAMME 



Sunday, September 27 

7 A. M. — Ringing" of all church bells throughout the city. 
9 :30 A. M. — Special exercises by all Sabbath schools. 

10:45 A. M. — Special services in various churches, attended by fraternal, 
military, educational, civic and other organizations. 



PHONE BELL, FISK 23 



Trade Mark 



PHONE p. & A., 391 L 




J. F. Young 



Manufacturer of 



Roofing Material 



Portable and Pittsburgh Gravel Roofing 
Bull Dog Burlap Center Roofing 
2 and 3 Ply Ready Roofing 

34th STREET AND A. V. R. R., PITTSBURGH, PA. 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



191 



2:30 P. M. — Union meeting at Nixon Theatre, attended by the Mayor and 
Cabinet, other city officials ; members of city councils and invited guests from 
abroad. Dr. S. B. McCormick, of the University of Pittsburgh, will preside. 

4:30 P. M. — Open air services from Court House steps conducted by Rev. 
S. Edward Young. 

7 :45 P. M. — Neighborhood services by congregations of churches in vari- 
ous localities in the city. 



Monday, September 28. 

3 p M. — Exercises at Block House under the auspices of the Daughters 
of the American Revoution. Unveiling of Washington tablet. 

g p_ M. — Official reception by the Mayor and members of city councils at 
Duquesne Garden. 



First Class Accommodahons 

Schreiber Hotel 

HENRY SCHREIBER. Prop. 
Fine Imported and Domestic 

Wines, 
Liquors and Cigars 

Iroquois Beer a Specialty 

109-111 West Ohio Street 
N. S. Pittsburgh, Pa. 



BELL PHONE CEDAR 9654 J 



P. & A. PHONE 181 A 



HOTEL WAYNE 

R. L. WHITESIDES, Prop. 

The Bar is ahoays stocked roith the finest Liquors, 
Wines, Cigars, Etc. 



East Lacock Street 



N. S. Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Phones— P. & A. 73 1 U; Bell 3670 Grant 

Say Boys! Smoke and Chew 

Locoes Cigar Scrap 

Sold Everywhere 

Manufactured by HARRY R. LOCKE, 1211 Carson St. 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Bell Phone 9543 
Cedar 



P. & A. Phone 
541 A 



E. Striepeke 

Hotel and Bar 

Regular Meals Served 

620 EAST OHIO STREET 
ALLEGHENY. PA. 



Bell Phone 771 L Cedar 

Hotel Blattner 

JOSEPH BLATTNER, Prop. 

Cor. Allegheny Ave. and Rebecca 
St., N. S. Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Mr. Blaltner's Hotel is known as one 
of the oldest and best houses in Allegheny 
City. He has been in the same business 
and house for 23 years. Hii place was 
the home of the Pittsburgh Base Ball team 
for many years. He never was refused 
a license. 



Italian Dinners and Wines Our Specialty 



North Side Hotel 



A. MANGIERI, Proprietor 



116-118 Federal St. North Side, Pittsburgh, Pa. 



192 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



Tuesday, September 29 

Sesqni-Centcnnial clay at the Pittsburgh Exposition. Special exhibition 
and program of music by Pittsburgh composers, including the works of 
Stephen C. Foster and others. 

Wednesday, September 30 

10:30 A. M. — Magnificent Marine parade. To be formed on the Monon- 
gahela river, between the Point and Lock No. 1. Route direct to Davis Island 
dam, returning at 5 :30 P. M. Pageant to be led by Thomas W. Jacobs, full- 
blooded Indian, and great great grandson of "Cornplanter" the noted Indian 
chief who was with the French at Braddock's defeat. Jacobs will be surround- 
ed by 30 Indians in canoes, who have been brought from the "Cornplanter" 
reservation in Warren county, Pa. 



Phones— ]625 Grant; 492 Main 

M. E. GEER & CO., Brokers 

NEW YORK AND LOCAL STOCKS GRAIN AND PROVISIONS 

Members — Pittsburgh Stock Exchange; Chicago Board of Trade 
Farmers Bank Building, PITTSBURGH 



Bonded Whiskies 



Fine Cigars 





J. W. RUHLANDT 

Hot and Cold Lunches 



832 Carson St. PITTSBURG, PA. 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



193 



Following the Indians will come different rafts and boats, including a rep- 
resentation of the first steamboat, the "The New Orleans," the whole to con- 
stitute an immense fleet, showing the progress that has been made in naviga- 
tion from the early days to the present time. Captain James A. Henderson, 
admiral. Flagships — "Duquesne" and "Lowrey." 

Thursday, October 1 

10:30 A. M. — "Greater Pittsburgh Day" parade over the following streets : 
Form at Federal and Ohio streets. North Side ; to Federal street, across Sixth 
street bridge, to Sixth street, to Liberty avenue, to Fifth avenue, to St. Pierre 
street, Oakland, where reviewing stand has been located, and where the parade 
will disband. 

Line will consist of commercial, manufacturing, transportation, educa- 
tional, labor, semi-military, military, and legislative divisions. Manufacturing 



Catering 
to the Wants of 

the People 
Has Made Us 

Successful 

Junker & Klages 

Men's Hatters and 
Furnishers 

517 and 519 Federal St. 
Pittsburgh, N. S., Pa. 



Pennsylvania College for Women 

Provides an able faculty; good courses; 
careful physical and social training, and 
the advantages which can be secured only 
in a wonan's college. 



itltuortlj fall 

A Preparatory School for Girls 

College Preparatory Course Science Course 

Modern Language Course 



Henry D. Lindsay 
President 



Woodland Road 
Pittsburgh 



JOHN OMMERT 
ilprrliant Sailor 

Real Estate Savings and Trust 
Co. Building 

516 Federal Street 

PITTSBURG. N. S., PA. 

Bell Phone 2475 J Cedar 



Chas.M.Malloy 

Graduate in Pharmacy 

Druggist & Apothecary) 

Cor. Grant Ave. and Rebecca St. 
North Side, Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Richard T. Pearson Oliver W. Fries 

Pearson & Fries 

Real Estate and Insurance 
Agents 

209 Ohio St. W., N. S. Pittsburgh 

Bell and P. & A., 49 North 



194 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



division consists of floats representing the various industries that have made 
Pittsburgh famous. The transportation division will consist of floats showing 
the development of transportation from the time of the founding of the city to 
the present day. Educational division will contain floats representing the de- 
velopment of learning from the time of the log cabin school house to the mod- 
ern university. Labor division consists of representatives of various labor or- 
ganizations in Greater Pittsburgh, together with eight floats showing the dif- 
ferent crafts. The semi-military division includes different uniformed and 
fraternal organizations ; the military division, which has the right of line, is 
composed of local companies of the National Guard and Battery B. The legis- 
lative division will include ten carriages containing representatives of the Su- 
preme court of the United States, the Supreme court of Pennsylvania, the Su- 
perior court, the courts of Allegheny county, members of the legislature, and 
Pittsburgh councils, all of which bodies contributed to the creation of a Great- 
er Pittsburgh. Chief Marshal, General S. M. B. Young, retired as lieutenant 
general of the United States Army and a native of Pittsburgh; Adjutant, Col. 
John P. Penney, to be accompanied by a staff. The guest of honor in the line 



P. & A. Phone 305 North 



Bell Phone 305 Cedar 



Allegheny Foundry Co. 



LIMITED 



Manufacturers of 



Seamless Sash Weights 

Cast Washers, Hitching Blocks and Lead 
Sash Weights 



Cor. Grant Ave. and Boquet St.. N. S.. PITTSBURG, PA. 



T. A. Smith & 
Company 



S^al Estate 
ilnauranr^ 



408 Real Estate Savings & 
TrustBldg., 5 1 6 Federal St. 

N. S., PITTSBURG, PA. 



Established 1860 

Henry Wheeler 
& Son 

Paints and Varnishes 

119 Ohio Street, West 
Pittsburg. Pa., N. S. 

Both Phones 



Both Phones 



Established 1849 



D. P. HOPKINS 

HARDWARE AND TOOLS 

Enameled and Copper Ware 



8 1 2 Federal Street 



N. S., PITTSBURGH, PA. 



PROGRAM OF EXERCISES 



195 



of march will be Charles W. Fairbanks, Vice-President of the United States ; 
Governor Edwin S. Stuart and staff ; Adjutant General Thomas J. Stewart and 
other state officials ; General Horace Porter, of New York. 

Friday, October 2 

A. M. — Laying of cornerstone of Soldiers' Memorial Hall in Oakland. 
Principal address by General Horace Porter. 

A. M. — Laying of cornerstone of University of Pittsburgh in Oakland. 
Principal addresses by Vice President Charles W. Fairbanks ; Governor Edwin S. 
Stuart, and State Treasurer John O. Sheats. 

P. M. — Balloon race. 

Saturday, October 3 

Horse races and sports at Schenley park, music and other attractions. 

During the week there will be a special exhibit of Colonial relics and pic- 
tures at the Carnegie Institute. Anniversary Day will be celebrated Novem- 
ber 25 by a mass meeting at the Exposition building hall. 



Phones: P. & A. 152 North; Bell 1334 Cedar 

EDWARD G.LANG 

Fire Insurance, Real Estate and Mortgages 
Rents Collected 

COMPANIES REPRESENTED: 

North British & Mercantile Ins. Co. of London and Edinburgh; 
Phoenix Fire Insurance Co. of Hartford, Conn.; Firemens In- 
surance Co. of Newark, N. J.; Caledonian Insurance Co. of 
Scotland; Allemannia Insurance Co. of Pittsburg, Pa.; Teuto- 
nia Insurance Company of Allegheny, Pa.; Ohio German In- 
surance Co. of Ohio; Philadelphia Casualty Co. of Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

619 W. Diamond Street, N 5., Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Bell Phone 28 Cedar 



Harry A. Wray 



iFttttpral Sir^rtor 
i£mbalttn?r 



CARRIAGES FOR HIRE 



Office and Residence: 

522 Sandusky Street, N. S. 

Corner South Diamond St. 

Pittsburgh, Pa. 



C. C. Heckel & 
Sons 

515 Federal St., North Side 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Both Phones 

Hotel McKim 

THOS. McKIM, Prop. 

Liquors and Cigars 
Fine Wines 

609 W. Diamond Street, N. S. 
Pittsburgh, Pa. 



Manhattan Shirts 



Stetson Hats 



B. M. Block 

l|attrr nnh 

The best $2.50 hand-made hat 
in Greater Pittsburgh 

200 Federal St., North Side 

Corner Robinson St. 



C 18 7 



f 




Prngr^BBton of pttsburglj 

ir5B in 19flB 

^ One hundred and fifty years ago, the people who founded Pittsburgh knew practically 
nothing of sanitary plumbing and its advantages. Today, Pittsburgh supplies the world with the 
highest quality and the most approved sanitary equipment. 

^ The Standard Sanitary Mfg. Co., claiming Pittsburgh as its home has one of its largest 
factories here, in which is made the world-renowned (^Taitaaffl porcelain enameled 
plumbing fixtures and brass goods. 

^ To get an idea of the beauty and designs of this famous Pittsburgh production, a visit 
should be paid to the ,§tattaafu Show Room, 949 Penn Ave., where the finest collection 
of plumbing fixtures in the world is displayed. 

^ Builders, Architects, Owners, Plumbers, or anyone interested in modern sanitary appliances 
for the home, factory, office buildings or public institutions are given a cordial welcome. Fullest 
information and interesting literature on the subject of home plumbing will be given every 
visitor or sent on request. 



DAVIS & MASON. PRINTERS. PITTSBURGH 



























V<^^ 



o««* "^ 



A^"^ 

-s:^ "^^ 













^^0^ 



'b>° 















^^^-^^o^ \;^^v %^^^/ V^'V 




.0* o » ". * ♦ 


















m 



'^W 






liiiiii 

iii 

ili 

ii lliii 



iii 



LIBRARY OF CON/GRESS 




00143131154 











(;"•""■■' 



liili 



Iii 



